[release/3.7] 优化陶瓦联机 (#4751 )

https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/pull/4723 https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/pull/4750 https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/pull/4735 --------- Co-authored-by: Burning_TNT <pangyl08@163.com> Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
[release/3.7] 更新 Chunkbase 种子版本 (#4753 )
2025-11-03 20:14:05 +08:00 · 2025-11-02 22:14:36 +08:00 · 2025-11-02 22:14:06 +08:00 · 2025-11-01 16:45:37 +08:00 · 2025-10-28 20:26:22 +08:00 · 2025-10-28 20:18:34 +08:00
633 changed files with 44997 additions and 11793 deletions
@@ -1071,6 +1071,7 @@ ij_jsp_keep_indents_on_empty_lines = false
 ij_jspx_keep_indents_on_empty_lines = false

 [{*.markdown,*.md}]
+max_line_length = 200
 ij_markdown_force_one_space_after_blockquote_symbol = true
 ij_markdown_force_one_space_after_header_symbol = true
 ij_markdown_force_one_space_after_list_bullet = true
@@ -20,16 +20,6 @@ body:
        * Your launcher is the **latest nightly build**. You can click [here](https://zkitefly.github.io/HMCL-Snapshot-Update/en) to download the latest nightly build.

        If your issue does not fall into the above two categories, you can choose another type of issue or directly go to the [QQ group](https://docs.hmcl.net/groups.html) or [Discord server](https://discord.gg/jVvC7HfM6U) for help.
-  - type: input
-    id: platform
-    attributes:
-      label: 平台 | Platform
-      description: |
-        请输入你遇到问题的平台。
-        Please enter the platform on which you encountered the bug.
-      placeholder: e.g. Windows 11
-    validations:
-      required: true
  - type: textarea
    id: bug-report
    attributes:
@@ -56,4 +46,4 @@ body:
        If your launcher does not crash, please DO NOT EXIT your launcher, click "Export Launcher Logs" in the "Settings → General → Debug" of the launcher, and drag the exported log to the following input field.
        **ATTENTION: The crash report or log file is the key to resolving the bug. Please upload them!**
    validations:
-      required: true
+      required: true
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ body:
      请确认 Issues 列表无重复的项目。
      Please make sure that no duplicate issues have already been submitted.
 - type: textarea
-  id: description
+  id: summary
  attributes:
-    label: 描述 | Description
+    label: 概述 | Summary
    description: |
-      请详细描述你想加入的新功能。
-      Please describe the new feature in detail.
+      请介绍你想加入的新功能。
+      Please describe the new feature.
  validations:
    required: true
 - type: textarea
@@ -26,3 +26,10 @@ body:
      Please describe why you want to add the feature or enhancement to HMCL.
  validations:
    required: true
+- type: textarea
+  id: description
+  attributes:
+    label: 详情 | Description
+    description: |
+      在这里可以补充描述该功能的具体实现方式或建议。（可选）
+      Describe implementation details or suggestions here. (Optional)
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-name: Build HMCLauncher
-
-on:
-  push:
-    paths:
-      - 'HMCLauncher/**'
-      - '.github/workflows/build-launcher.yml'
-  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - 'HMCLauncher/**'
-      - '.github/workflows/build-launcher.yml'
-
-jobs:
-  build:
-    runs-on: windows-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Add msbuild to PATH
-        uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v2
-        with:
-          msbuild-architecture: x86
-      - name: Build HMCLauncher
-        run: msbuild /p:Configuration=Release /t:Rebuild /verbosity:detailed .\HMCLauncher\
-      - name: Copy HMCLauncher to assets
-        run: Copy-Item .\HMCLauncher\Release\HMCLauncher.exe -Destination .\HMCL\src\main\resources\assets\HMCLauncher.exe
-      - name: Set up JDK 11
-        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
-        with:
-          distribution: 'zulu'
-          java-version: '11'
-          java-package: 'jdk+fx'
-      - name: Build with Gradle
-        run: .\gradlew makeExecutables --no-daemon
-        env:
-          MICROSOFT_AUTH_ID: ${{ secrets.MICROSOFT_AUTH_ID }}
-          MICROSOFT_AUTH_SECRET: ${{ secrets.MICROSOFT_AUTH_SECRET }}
-          CURSEFORGE_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.CURSEFORGE_API_KEY }}
-      - name: Get short SHA
-        run: echo "SHORT_SHA=$("${{ github.sha }}".SubString(0, 7))" >> $env:GITHUB_ENV
-      - name: Copy HMCLauncher to libs
-        run: Copy-Item .\HMCLauncher\Release\HMCLauncher.exe -Destination .\HMCL\build\libs\HMCLauncher.exe
-      - name: Upload Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: HMCLauncher-${{ env.SHORT_SHA }}
-          path: HMCL/build/libs/*.exe
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
-name: Check Translations
+name: Check Codes

 on:
  push:
    paths:
+      - '**.java'
      - '**.properties'
  pull_request:
    paths:
+      - '**.java'
      - '**.properties'

 jobs:
@@ -13,11 +15,11 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Set up JDK 11
+      - name: Set up JDK 17
        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
        with:
          distribution: 'zulu'
-          java-version: '11'
+          java-version: '17'
          java-package: 'jdk+fx'
-      - name: Check style test
-        run: ./gradlew checkTranslations --no-daemon
+      - name: Check Codes
+        run: ./gradlew checkstyle checkTranslations --no-daemon --parallel --stacktrace
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-name: Check Style
-
-on:
-  push:
-    paths:
-      - '**.java'
-  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - '**.java'
-
-jobs:
-  build:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Set up JDK 11
-        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
-        with:
-          distribution: 'zulu'
-          java-version: '11'
-          java-package: 'jdk+fx'
-      - name: Check style main
-        run: ./gradlew checkstyleMain --no-daemon
-      - name: Check style test
-        run: ./gradlew checkstyleTest --no-daemon
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ name: Check Update

 on:
  workflow_dispatch:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: '30 * * * *'
+#  schedule:
+#    - cron: '30 * * * *'

 permissions:
  contents: write
@@ -13,39 +13,27 @@ jobs:
    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'HMCL-dev' }}
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - name: Set up JDK
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '25'
      - name: Fetch tags
        run: git fetch --all --tags
-      - name: Install tools
-        run: sudo apt-get install -y jq
      - name: Fetch last version
-        run: |
-          wget -O ci.json https://ci.huangyuhui.net/job/HMCL/lastSuccessfulBuild/api/json
-          
-          export HMCL_EXE_FILE_NAME=`cat ci.json | jq -M -r '.artifacts[] | select(.fileName | endswith(".exe")) | .fileName'`
-          if [ -z `echo $HMCL_EXE_FILE_NAME | grep -E "^HMCL-[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?\.exe\$"` ]; then exit 1; fi
-          
-          export HMCL_VERSION=`echo "${HMCL_EXE_FILE_NAME%.exe}" | tail -c +6`
-          export HMCL_COMMIT_SHA=`cat ci.json | jq -M -r '.actions[] | select(._class == "hudson.plugins.git.util.BuildData") | .lastBuiltRevision.SHA1'`
-
-          if [ "${#HMCL_COMMIT_SHA}" != 40 ]; then exit 1; fi
-
-          echo "HMCL_VERSION=$HMCL_VERSION" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "HMCL_COMMIT_SHA=$HMCL_COMMIT_SHA" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "HMCL_TAG_NAME=v$HMCL_VERSION" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        run: ./gradlew checkUpdateDev --no-daemon --info --stacktrace
      - name: Check for existing tags
        run: if [ -z "$(git tag -l "$HMCL_TAG_NAME")" ]; then echo "continue=true" >> $GITHUB_ENV; fi
      - name: Download artifacts
        if: ${{ env.continue == 'true' }}
        run: |
-          wget "$DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe"
-          wget "$DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe.sha256"
-          wget "$DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar"
-          wget "$DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar.sha256"
-          wget "$DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh"
-          wget "$DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh.sha256"
-        env:
-          DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL: https://ci.huangyuhui.net/job/HMCL/lastSuccessfulBuild/artifact/HMCL/build/libs
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe"
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe.sha256"
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar"
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar.sha256"
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh"
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh.sha256"
      - name: Generate release note
        if: ${{ env.continue == 'true' }}
        run: |
@@ -78,39 +66,28 @@ jobs:
    needs: dev-check-update
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - name: Set up JDK
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
+        with:
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          java-version: '25'
      - name: Fetch tags
        run: git fetch --all --tags
-      - name: Install tools
-        run: sudo apt-get install -y jq
+
      - name: Fetch last version
-        run: |
-          wget -O ci.json https://ci.huangyuhui.net/job/HMCL-stable/lastSuccessfulBuild/api/json
-          
-          export HMCL_EXE_FILE_NAME=`cat ci.json | jq -M -r '.artifacts[] | select(.fileName | endswith(".exe")) | .fileName'`
-          if [ -z `echo $HMCL_EXE_FILE_NAME | grep -E "^HMCL-[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?\.exe\$"` ]; then exit 1; fi
-          
-          export HMCL_VERSION=`echo "${HMCL_EXE_FILE_NAME%.exe}" | tail -c +6`
-          export HMCL_COMMIT_SHA=`cat ci.json | jq -M -r '.actions[] | select(._class == "hudson.plugins.git.util.BuildData") | .lastBuiltRevision.SHA1'`
-
-          if [ "${#HMCL_COMMIT_SHA}" != 40 ]; then exit 1; fi
-
-          echo "HMCL_VERSION=$HMCL_VERSION" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "HMCL_COMMIT_SHA=$HMCL_COMMIT_SHA" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "HMCL_TAG_NAME=release-$HMCL_VERSION" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        run: ./gradlew checkUpdateStable --no-daemon --info --stacktrace
      - name: Check for existing tags
        run: if ! git tag -l | grep -q "$HMCL_TAG_NAME"; then echo "continue=true" >> $GITHUB_ENV; fi 
      - name: Download artifacts
        if: ${{ env.continue == 'true' }}
        run: |
-          wget "$DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe"
-          wget "$DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe.sha256"
-          wget "$DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar"
-          wget "$DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar.sha256"
-          wget "$DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh"
-          wget "$DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh.sha256"
-        env:
-          DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL: https://ci.huangyuhui.net/job/HMCL-stable/lastSuccessfulBuild/artifact/HMCL/build/libs
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe"
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe.sha256"
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar"
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar.sha256"
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh"
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh.sha256"
      - name: Generate release note
        if: ${{ env.continue == 'true' }}
        run: |
@@ -122,9 +99,9 @@ jobs:
          echo "" >> RELEASE_NOTE
          echo "| File Name | SHA-256 Checksum |"  >> RELEASE_NOTE
          echo "| ---  | --- |" >> RELEASE_NOTE
-          echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe]($GH_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/release-$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe) | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe.sha256)\` |" >> RELEASE_NOTE
-          echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar]($GH_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/release-$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar) | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar.sha256)\` |" >> RELEASE_NOTE
-          echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh]($GH_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/release-$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh)   | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh.sha256)\` |"  >> RELEASE_NOTE
+          echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe]($GH_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/v$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe) | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe.sha256)\` |" >> RELEASE_NOTE
+          echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar]($GH_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/v$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar) | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar.sha256)\` |" >> RELEASE_NOTE
+          echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh]($GH_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/v$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh)   | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh.sha256)\` |"  >> RELEASE_NOTE
        env:
          GH_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL: https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/releases/download
      - name: Create release
@@ -139,3 +116,4 @@ jobs:
          target_commitish: ${{ env.HMCL_COMMIT_SHA }}
          name: ${{ env.HMCL_TAG_NAME }}
          tag_name: ${{ env.HMCL_TAG_NAME }}
+          prerelease: true
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ on:
  pull_request:
    paths-ignore:
      - '**.md'
-      - 'HMCLauncher/**'

 jobs:
  build:
@@ -14,11 +13,11 @@ jobs:

    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - name: Set up JDK 8
+    - name: Set up JDK 17
      uses: actions/setup-java@v4
      with:
        distribution: 'zulu'
-        java-version: 8
+        java-version: '17'
        java-package: 'jdk+fx'
    - name: Build with Gradle
      run: ./gradlew build --no-daemon
@@ -28,8 +27,24 @@ jobs:
        CURSEFORGE_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.CURSEFORGE_API_KEY }}
    - name: Get short SHA
      run: echo "SHORT_SHA=${GITHUB_SHA::7}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-    - name: Upload Artifacts
+    - name: Upload JAR
      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
      with:
-        name: HMCL-${{ env.SHORT_SHA }}
-        path: HMCL/build/libs
+        name: HMCL-${{ env.SHORT_SHA }}-jar
+        path: |
+          HMCL/build/libs/HMCL-*.jar
+          HMCL/build/libs/HMCL-*.jar.sha256
+    - name: Upload EXE
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: HMCL-${{ env.SHORT_SHA }}-exe
+        path: |
+          HMCL/build/libs/HMCL-*.exe
+          HMCL/build/libs/HMCL-*.exe.sha256
+    - name: Upload SH
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: HMCL-${{ env.SHORT_SHA }}-sh
+        path: |
+          HMCL/build/libs/HMCL-*.sh
+          HMCL/build/libs/HMCL-*.sh.sha256
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 # virtual machine crash logs, see http://www.java.com/en/download/help/error_hotspot.xml
 hs_err_pid*
+*.hprof

 .gradle

@@ -13,13 +14,18 @@ hs_err_pid*
 /externalgames
 NVIDIA
 minecraft-exported-crash-info*
+hmcl-exported-logs-*
+/.java/
+/.local/
+/.cache/

 # gradle build
 /build/
 /HMCL/build/
 /HMCLCore/build/
-/HMCLTransformerDiscoveryService/build/
+/HMCLBoot/build/
 /minecraft/libraries/HMCLTransformerDiscoveryService/build/
+/minecraft/libraries/HMCLMultiMCBootstrap/build/
 /buildSrc/build/

 # idea
@@ -28,12 +34,14 @@ minecraft-exported-crash-info*
 /HMCL/out/
 /HMCLCore/out/
 /minecraft/libraries/HMCLTransformerDiscoveryService/out/
+/minecraft/libraries/HMCLMultiMCBootstrap/out/

 # eclipse
 /bin/
 /HMCL/bin/
 /HMCLCore/bin/
 /minecraft/libraries/HMCLTransformerDiscoveryService/bin/
+/minecraft/libraries/HMCLMultiMCBootstrap/bin/
 .classpath
 .project
 .settings
@@ -42,7 +50,6 @@ minecraft-exported-crash-info*
 .nb-gradle

 *.exe
-!/HMCL/src/main/resources/assets/HMCLauncher.exe

 # macos
 .DS_Store
@@ -53,3 +60,4 @@ minecraft-exported-crash-info*
 # test
 /hmcl.json
 /.hmcl.json
+/.hmcl/
@@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.ci.GitHubActionUtils
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.ci.JenkinsUtils
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.l10n.CheckTranslations
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.l10n.CreateLanguageList
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.l10n.CreateLocaleNamesResourceBundle
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.l10n.UpsideDownTranslate
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.mod.ParseModDataTask
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.utils.PropertiesUtils
 import java.net.URI
 import java.nio.file.FileSystems
 import java.nio.file.Files
@@ -9,36 +16,54 @@ import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec
 import java.util.zip.ZipFile

 plugins {
-    id("com.github.johnrengelman.shadow") version "7.1.2"
+    alias(libs.plugins.shadow)
 }

-val isOfficial = System.getenv("HMCL_SIGNATURE_KEY") != null
-        || (System.getenv("GITHUB_REPOSITORY_OWNER") == "HMCL-dev" && System.getenv("GITHUB_BASE_REF")
-    .isNullOrEmpty())
+val projectConfig = PropertiesUtils.load(rootProject.file("config/project.properties").toPath())
+
+val isOfficial = JenkinsUtils.IS_ON_CI || GitHubActionUtils.IS_ON_OFFICIAL_REPO

-val buildNumber = System.getenv("BUILD_NUMBER")?.toInt().let { number ->
-    val offset = System.getenv("BUILD_NUMBER_OFFSET")?.toInt() ?: 0
-    if (number != null) {
-        (number - offset).toString()
-    } else {
-        val shortCommit = System.getenv("GITHUB_SHA")?.lowercase()?.substring(0, 7)
-        val prefix = if (isOfficial) "dev" else "unofficial"
-        if (!shortCommit.isNullOrEmpty()) "$prefix-$shortCommit" else "SNAPSHOT"
-    }
-}
-val versionRoot = System.getenv("VERSION_ROOT") ?: "3.6"
 val versionType = System.getenv("VERSION_TYPE") ?: if (isOfficial) "nightly" else "unofficial"
+val versionRoot = System.getenv("VERSION_ROOT") ?: projectConfig.getProperty("versionRoot") ?: "3"

 val microsoftAuthId = System.getenv("MICROSOFT_AUTH_ID") ?: ""
 val microsoftAuthSecret = System.getenv("MICROSOFT_AUTH_SECRET") ?: ""
 val curseForgeApiKey = System.getenv("CURSEFORGE_API_KEY") ?: ""

-version = "$versionRoot.$buildNumber"
+val launcherExe = System.getenv("HMCL_LAUNCHER_EXE") ?: ""
+
+val buildNumber = System.getenv("BUILD_NUMBER")?.toInt()
+if (buildNumber != null) {
+    version = if (JenkinsUtils.IS_ON_CI && versionType == "dev") {
+        "$versionRoot.0.$buildNumber"
+    } else {
+        "$versionRoot.$buildNumber"
+    }
+} else {
+    val shortCommit = System.getenv("GITHUB_SHA")?.lowercase()?.substring(0, 7)
+    version = if (shortCommit.isNullOrBlank()) {
+        "$versionRoot.SNAPSHOT"
+    } else if (isOfficial) {
+        "$versionRoot.dev-$shortCommit"
+    } else {
+        "$versionRoot.unofficial-$shortCommit"
+    }
+}
+
+val embedResources by configurations.registering

 dependencies {
    implementation(project(":HMCLCore"))
+    implementation(project(":HMCLBoot"))
    implementation("libs:JFoenix")
-    implementation("com.twelvemonkeys.imageio:imageio-webp:3.12.0")
+    implementation(libs.twelvemonkeys.imageio.webp)
+    implementation(libs.java.info)
+
+    if (launcherExe.isBlank()) {
+        implementation(libs.hmclauncher)
+    }
+
+    embedResources(libs.authlib.injector)
 }

 fun digest(algorithm: String, bytes: ByteArray): ByteArray = MessageDigest.getInstance(algorithm).digest(bytes)
@@ -82,21 +107,63 @@ fun attachSignature(jar: File) {
    }
 }

-val java11 = sourceSets.create("java11") {
-    java {
-        srcDir("src/main/java11")
-    }
+tasks.withType<JavaCompile> {
+    sourceCompatibility = "17"
+    targetCompatibility = "17"
 }

-tasks.getByName<JavaCompile>(java11.compileJavaTaskName) {
-    if (JavaVersion.current() < JavaVersion.VERSION_11) {
-        javaCompiler.set(javaToolchains.compilerFor {
-            languageVersion.set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(11))
-        })
-    }
+tasks.checkstyleMain {
+    // Third-party code is not checked
+    exclude("**/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/image/apng/**")
+}
+
+tasks.compileJava {
    options.compilerArgs.add("--add-exports=java.base/jdk.internal.loader=ALL-UNNAMED")
-    sourceCompatibility = "11"
-    targetCompatibility = "11"
+}
+
+val addOpens = listOf(
+    "java.base/java.lang",
+    "java.base/java.lang.reflect",
+    "java.base/jdk.internal.loader",
+    "javafx.base/com.sun.javafx.binding",
+    "javafx.base/com.sun.javafx.event",
+    "javafx.base/com.sun.javafx.runtime",
+    "javafx.graphics/javafx.css",
+    "javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.stage",
+    "javafx.graphics/com.sun.prism",
+    "javafx.controls/com.sun.javafx.scene.control",
+    "javafx.controls/com.sun.javafx.scene.control.behavior",
+    "javafx.controls/javafx.scene.control.skin",
+    "jdk.attach/sun.tools.attach",
+)
+
+val hmclProperties = buildList {
+    add("hmcl.version" to project.version.toString())
+    add("hmcl.add-opens" to addOpens.joinToString(" "))
+    System.getenv("GITHUB_SHA")?.let {
+        add("hmcl.version.hash" to it)
+    }
+    add("hmcl.version.type" to versionType)
+    add("hmcl.microsoft.auth.id" to microsoftAuthId)
+    add("hmcl.microsoft.auth.secret" to microsoftAuthSecret)
+    add("hmcl.curseforge.apikey" to curseForgeApiKey)
+    add("hmcl.authlib-injector.version" to libs.authlib.injector.get().version!!)
+}
+
+val hmclPropertiesFile = layout.buildDirectory.file("hmcl.properties")
+val createPropertiesFile by tasks.registering {
+    outputs.file(hmclPropertiesFile)
+    hmclProperties.forEach { (k, v) -> inputs.property(k, v) }
+
+    doLast {
+        val targetFile = hmclPropertiesFile.get().asFile
+        targetFile.parentFile.mkdir()
+        targetFile.bufferedWriter().use {
+            for ((k, v) in hmclProperties) {
+                it.write("$k=$v\n")
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }

 tasks.jar {
@@ -106,7 +173,9 @@ tasks.jar {

 val jarPath = tasks.jar.get().archiveFile.get().asFile

-tasks.getByName<com.github.jengelman.gradle.plugins.shadow.tasks.ShadowJar>("shadowJar") {
+tasks.shadowJar {
+    dependsOn(createPropertiesFile)
+
    archiveClassifier.set(null as String?)

    exclude("**/package-info.class")
@@ -115,42 +184,30 @@ tasks.getByName<com.github.jengelman.gradle.plugins.shadow.tasks.ShadowJar>("sha
    exclude("META-INF/services/javax.imageio.spi.ImageReaderSpi")
    exclude("META-INF/services/javax.imageio.spi.ImageInputStreamSpi")

+    listOf(
+        "aix-*", "sunos-*", "openbsd-*", "dragonflybsd-*", "freebsd-*", "linux-*", "darwin-*",
+        "*-ppc", "*-ppc64le", "*-s390x", "*-armel",
+    ).forEach { exclude("com/sun/jna/$it/**") }
+
    minimize {
        exclude(dependency("com.google.code.gson:.*:.*"))
+        exclude(dependency("net.java.dev.jna:jna:.*"))
        exclude(dependency("libs:JFoenix:.*"))
+        exclude(project(":HMCLBoot"))
    }

-    manifest {
-        attributes(
-            "Created-By" to "Copyright(c) 2013-2025 huangyuhui.",
-            "Main-Class" to "org.jackhuang.hmcl.Main",
-            "Multi-Release" to "true",
-            "Implementation-Version" to project.version,
-            "Microsoft-Auth-Id" to microsoftAuthId,
-            "Microsoft-Auth-Secret" to microsoftAuthSecret,
-            "CurseForge-Api-Key" to curseForgeApiKey,
-            "Build-Channel" to versionType,
-            "Class-Path" to "pack200.jar",
-            "Add-Opens" to listOf(
-                "java.base/java.lang",
-                "java.base/java.lang.reflect",
-                "java.base/jdk.internal.loader",
-                "javafx.base/com.sun.javafx.binding",
-                "javafx.base/com.sun.javafx.event",
-                "javafx.base/com.sun.javafx.runtime",
-                "javafx.graphics/javafx.css",
-                "javafx.graphics/com.sun.javafx.stage",
-                "javafx.graphics/com.sun.prism",
-                "javafx.controls/com.sun.javafx.scene.control",
-                "javafx.controls/com.sun.javafx.scene.control.behavior",
-                "javafx.controls/javafx.scene.control.skin",
-                "jdk.attach/sun.tools.attach",
-            ).joinToString(" "),
-            "Enable-Native-Access" to "ALL-UNNAMED"
-        )
+    manifest.attributes(
+        "Created-By" to "Copyright(c) 2013-2025 huangyuhui.",
+        "Implementation-Version" to project.version.toString(),
+        "Main-Class" to "org.jackhuang.hmcl.Main",
+        "Multi-Release" to "true",
+        "Add-Opens" to addOpens.joinToString(" "),
+        "Enable-Native-Access" to "ALL-UNNAMED"
+    )

-        System.getenv("GITHUB_SHA")?.also {
-            attributes("GitHub-SHA" to it)
+    if (launcherExe.isNotBlank()) {
+        into("assets") {
+            from(file(launcherExe))
        }
    }

@@ -160,29 +217,49 @@ tasks.getByName<com.github.jengelman.gradle.plugins.shadow.tasks.ShadowJar>("sha
    }
 }

-fun createExecutable(suffix: String, header: String) {
-    val output = File(jarPath.parentFile, jarPath.nameWithoutExtension + '.' + suffix)
-
-    output.outputStream().use {
-        it.write(File(project.projectDir, header).readBytes())
-        it.write(jarPath.readBytes())
-    }
-
-    createChecksum(output)
-}
-
 tasks.processResources {
-    into("META-INF/versions/11") {
-        from(sourceSets["java11"].output)
+    dependsOn(createPropertiesFile)
+    dependsOn(upsideDownTranslate)
+    dependsOn(createLocaleNamesResourceBundle)
+    dependsOn(createLanguageList)
+
+    into("assets/") {
+        from(hmclPropertiesFile)
+        from(embedResources)
+    }
+
+    into("assets/lang") {
+        from(createLanguageList.map { it.outputFile })
+        from(upsideDownTranslate.map { it.outputFile })
+        from(createLocaleNamesResourceBundle.map { it.outputDirectory })
    }
-    dependsOn(tasks["java11Classes"])
 }

-val makeExecutables = tasks.create("makeExecutables") {
+val makeExecutables by tasks.registering {
+    val extensions = listOf("exe", "sh")
+
    dependsOn(tasks.jar)
+
+    inputs.file(jarPath)
+    outputs.files(extensions.map { File(jarPath.parentFile, jarPath.nameWithoutExtension + '.' + it) })
+
    doLast {
-        createExecutable("exe", "src/main/resources/assets/HMCLauncher.exe")
-        createExecutable("sh", "src/main/resources/assets/HMCLauncher.sh")
+        val jarContent = jarPath.readBytes()
+
+        ZipFile(jarPath).use { zipFile ->
+            for (extension in extensions) {
+                val output = File(jarPath.parentFile, jarPath.nameWithoutExtension + '.' + extension)
+                val entry = zipFile.getEntry("assets/HMCLauncher.$extension")
+                    ?: throw GradleException("HMCLauncher.$extension not found")
+
+                output.outputStream().use { outputStream ->
+                    zipFile.getInputStream(entry).use { it.copyTo(outputStream) }
+                    outputStream.write(jarContent)
+                }
+
+                createChecksum(output)
+            }
+        }
    }
 }

@@ -190,9 +267,9 @@ tasks.build {
    dependsOn(makeExecutables)
 }

-fun parseToolOptions(options: String?): List<String> {
+fun parseToolOptions(options: String?): MutableList<String> {
    if (options == null)
-        return listOf()
+        return mutableListOf()

    val builder = StringBuilder()
    val result = mutableListOf<String>()
@@ -240,7 +317,17 @@ fun parseToolOptions(options: String?): List<String> {
    return result
 }

-tasks.create<JavaExec>("run") {
+// For IntelliJ IDEA
+tasks.withType<JavaExec> {
+    if (name != "run") {
+        jvmArgs(addOpens.map { "--add-opens=$it=ALL-UNNAMED" })
+//        if (javaVersion >= JavaVersion.VERSION_24) {
+//            jvmArgs("--enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED")
+//        }
+    }
+}
+
+tasks.register<JavaExec>("run") {
    dependsOn(tasks.jar)

    group = "application"
@@ -249,12 +336,17 @@ tasks.create<JavaExec>("run") {
    workingDir = rootProject.rootDir

    val vmOptions = parseToolOptions(System.getenv("HMCL_JAVA_OPTS"))
+    if (vmOptions.none { it.startsWith("-Dhmcl.offline.auth.restricted=") })
+        vmOptions += "-Dhmcl.offline.auth.restricted=false"
+
    jvmArgs(vmOptions)

    val hmclJavaHome = System.getenv("HMCL_JAVA_HOME")
    if (hmclJavaHome != null) {
-        this.executable(file(hmclJavaHome).resolve("bin")
-            .resolve(if (System.getProperty("os.name").lowercase().startsWith("windows")) "java.exe" else "java"))
+        this.executable(
+            file(hmclJavaHome).resolve("bin")
+                .resolve(if (System.getProperty("os.name").lowercase().startsWith("windows")) "java.exe" else "java")
+        )
    }

    doFirst {
@@ -263,6 +355,40 @@ tasks.create<JavaExec>("run") {
    }
 }

+// Check Translations
+
+tasks.register<CheckTranslations>("checkTranslations") {
+    val dir = layout.projectDirectory.dir("src/main/resources/assets/lang")
+
+    englishFile.set(dir.file("I18N.properties"))
+    simplifiedChineseFile.set(dir.file("I18N_zh_CN.properties"))
+    traditionalChineseFile.set(dir.file("I18N_zh.properties"))
+    classicalChineseFile.set(dir.file("I18N_lzh.properties"))
+}
+
+// l10n
+
+val generatedDir = layout.buildDirectory.dir("generated")
+
+val upsideDownTranslate by tasks.registering(UpsideDownTranslate::class) {
+    inputFile.set(layout.projectDirectory.file("src/main/resources/assets/lang/I18N.properties"))
+    outputFile.set(generatedDir.map { it.file("generated/i18n/I18N_en_Qabs.properties") })
+}
+
+val createLanguageList by tasks.registering(CreateLanguageList::class) {
+    resourceBundleDir.set(layout.projectDirectory.dir("src/main/resources/assets/lang"))
+    resourceBundleBaseName.set("I18N")
+    additionalLanguages.set(listOf("en-Qabs"))
+    outputFile.set(generatedDir.map { it.file("languages.json") })
+}
+
+val createLocaleNamesResourceBundle by tasks.registering(CreateLocaleNamesResourceBundle::class) {
+    dependsOn(createLanguageList)
+
+    languagesFile.set(createLanguageList.flatMap { it.outputFile })
+    outputDirectory.set(generatedDir.map { it.dir("generated/LocaleNames") })
+}
+
 // mcmod data

 tasks.register<ParseModDataTask>("parseModData") {
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+// Copy from https://github.com/sshahine/JFoenix/blob/d427fd801a338f934307ba41ce604eb5c79f0b20/jfoenix/src/main/java/com/jfoenix/skins/JFXListViewSkin.java
+
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package com.jfoenix.skins;
+
+import com.jfoenix.adapters.skins.ListViewSkin;
+import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXListView;
+import com.jfoenix.effects.JFXDepthManager;
+import javafx.scene.control.ListCell;
+import javafx.scene.control.skin.VirtualFlow;
+import javafx.scene.layout.Region;
+
+// https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/issues/4720
+public class JFXListViewSkin<T> extends ListViewSkin<T> {
+
+    private final VirtualFlow<ListCell<T>> flow;
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public JFXListViewSkin(final JFXListView<T> listView) {
+        super(listView);
+        flow = (VirtualFlow<ListCell<T>>) getChildren().get(0);
+        JFXDepthManager.setDepth(flow, listView.depthProperty().get());
+        listView.depthProperty().addListener((o, oldVal, newVal) -> JFXDepthManager.setDepth(flow, newVal));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected double computePrefWidth(double height, double topInset, double rightInset, double bottomInset, double leftInset) {
+        return 200;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected double computePrefHeight(double width, double topInset, double rightInset, double bottomInset, double leftInset) {
+        final int itemsCount = getSkinnable().getItems().size();
+        if (getSkinnable().maxHeightProperty().isBound() || itemsCount <= 0) {
+            return super.computePrefHeight(width, topInset, rightInset, bottomInset, leftInset);
+        }
+
+        final double fixedCellSize = getSkinnable().getFixedCellSize();
+        double computedHeight = fixedCellSize != Region.USE_COMPUTED_SIZE ?
+                fixedCellSize * itemsCount + snapVerticalInsets() : estimateHeight();
+        double height = super.computePrefHeight(width, topInset, rightInset, bottomInset, leftInset);
+        if (height > computedHeight) {
+            height = computedHeight;
+        }
+
+        if (getSkinnable().getMaxHeight() > 0 && computedHeight > getSkinnable().getMaxHeight()) {
+            return getSkinnable().getMaxHeight();
+        }
+
+        return height;
+    }
+
+    private double estimateHeight() {
+        // compute the border/padding for the list
+        double borderWidth = snapVerticalInsets();
+        // compute the gap between list cells
+
+        JFXListView<T> listview = (JFXListView<T>) getSkinnable();
+        double gap = listview.isExpanded() ? ((JFXListView<T>) getSkinnable()).getVerticalGap() * (getSkinnable().getItems()
+                .size()) : 0;
+        // compute the height of each list cell
+        double cellsHeight = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < flow.getCellCount(); i++) {
+            ListCell<T> cell = flow.getCell(i);
+            cellsHeight += cell.getHeight();
+        }
+        return cellsHeight + gap + borderWidth;
+    }
+
+    private double snapVerticalInsets() {
+        return getSkinnable().snappedBottomInset() + getSkinnable().snappedTopInset();
+    }
+
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2020  huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl;
+
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.FileSaver;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.SelfDependencyPatcher;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.SwingUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.java.JavaRuntime;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException;
+
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;
+
+public final class EntryPoint {
+
+    private EntryPoint() {
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.getProperties().putIfAbsent("java.net.useSystemProxies", "true");
+        System.getProperties().putIfAbsent("javafx.autoproxy.disable", "true");
+        System.getProperties().putIfAbsent("http.agent", "HMCL/" + Metadata.VERSION);
+
+        createHMCLDirectories();
+        LOG.start(Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY.resolve("logs"));
+
+        setupJavaFXVMOptions();
+        checkDirectoryPath();
+
+        if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.MACOS)
+            initIcon();
+
+        checkJavaFX();
+        verifyJavaFX();
+        addEnableNativeAccess();
+        enableUnsafeMemoryAccess();
+
+        Launcher.main(args);
+    }
+
+    public static void exit(int exitCode) {
+        FileSaver.shutdown();
+        LOG.shutdown();
+        System.exit(exitCode);
+    }
+
+    private static void setupJavaFXVMOptions() {
+        if ("true".equalsIgnoreCase(System.getenv("HMCL_FORCE_GPU"))) {
+            LOG.info("HMCL_FORCE_GPU: true");
+            System.getProperties().putIfAbsent("prism.forceGPU", "true");
+        }
+
+        String animationFrameRate = System.getenv("HMCL_ANIMATION_FRAME_RATE");
+        if (animationFrameRate != null) {
+            LOG.info("HMCL_ANIMATION_FRAME_RATE: " + animationFrameRate);
+
+            try {
+                if (Integer.parseInt(animationFrameRate) <= 0)
+                    throw new NumberFormatException(animationFrameRate);
+
+                System.getProperties().putIfAbsent("javafx.animation.pulse", animationFrameRate);
+            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+                LOG.warning("Invalid animation frame rate: " + animationFrameRate);
+            }
+        }
+
+        String uiScale = System.getProperty("hmcl.uiScale", System.getenv("HMCL_UI_SCALE"));
+        if (uiScale != null) {
+            uiScale = uiScale.trim();
+
+            LOG.info("HMCL_UI_SCALE: " + uiScale);
+
+            try {
+                float scaleValue;
+                if (uiScale.endsWith("%")) {
+                    scaleValue = Integer.parseInt(uiScale.substring(0, uiScale.length() - 1)) / 100.0f;
+                } else if (uiScale.endsWith("dpi") || uiScale.endsWith("DPI")) {
+                    scaleValue = Integer.parseInt(uiScale.substring(0, uiScale.length() - 3)) / 96.0f;
+                } else {
+                    scaleValue = Float.parseFloat(uiScale);
+                }
+
+                float lowerBound;
+                float upperBound;
+
+                if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS) {
+                    // JavaFX behavior may be abnormal when the DPI scaling factor is too high
+                    lowerBound = 0.25f;
+                    upperBound = 4f;
+                } else {
+                    lowerBound = 0.01f;
+                    upperBound = 10f;
+                }
+
+                if (scaleValue >= lowerBound && scaleValue <= upperBound) {
+                    if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS) {
+                        System.getProperties().putIfAbsent("glass.win.uiScale", uiScale);
+                    } else if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.MACOS) {
+                        LOG.warning("macOS does not support setting UI scale, so it will be ignored");
+                    } else {
+                        System.getProperties().putIfAbsent("glass.gtk.uiScale", uiScale);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    LOG.warning("UI scale out of range: " + uiScale);
+                }
+            } catch (Throwable e) {
+                LOG.warning("Invalid UI scale: " + uiScale);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void createHMCLDirectories() {
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY)) {
+            try {
+                Files.createDirectories(Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY);
+                if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS) {
+                    try {
+                        Files.setAttribute(Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY, "dos:hidden", true);
+                    } catch (IOException e) {
+                        LOG.warning("Failed to set hidden attribute of " + Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY, e);
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                // Logger has not been started yet, so print directly to System.err
+                System.err.println("Failed to create HMCL directory: " + Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY);
+                e.printStackTrace(System.err);
+                showErrorAndExit(i18n("fatal.create_hmcl_current_directory_failure", Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY));
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(Metadata.HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY)) {
+            try {
+                Files.createDirectories(Metadata.HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY);
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                LOG.warning("Failed to create HMCL global directory " + Metadata.HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY, e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void initIcon() {
+        try {
+            if (java.awt.Taskbar.isTaskbarSupported()) {
+                var image = java.awt.Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(EntryPoint.class.getResource("/assets/img/icon-mac.png"));
+                java.awt.Taskbar.getTaskbar().setIconImage(image);
+            }
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            LOG.warning("Failed to set application icon", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void checkDirectoryPath() {
+        String currentDir = System.getProperty("user.dir", "");
+        if (currentDir.contains("!")) {
+            LOG.error("The current working path contains an exclamation mark: " + currentDir);
+            // No Chinese translation because both Swing and JavaFX cannot render Chinese character properly when exclamation mark exists in the path.
+            showErrorAndExit("Exclamation mark(!) is not allowed in the path where HMCL is in.\n"
+                    + "The path is " + currentDir);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void checkJavaFX() {
+        try {
+            SelfDependencyPatcher.patch();
+        } catch (SelfDependencyPatcher.PatchException e) {
+            LOG.error("Unable to patch JVM", e);
+            showErrorAndExit(i18n("fatal.javafx.missing"));
+        } catch (SelfDependencyPatcher.IncompatibleVersionException e) {
+            LOG.error("Unable to patch JVM", e);
+            showErrorAndExit(i18n("fatal.javafx.incompatible"));
+        } catch (CancellationException e) {
+            LOG.error("User cancels downloading JavaFX", e);
+            exit(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if JavaFX exists but is incomplete
+     */
+    private static void verifyJavaFX() {
+        try {
+            Class.forName("javafx.beans.binding.Binding"); // javafx.base
+            Class.forName("javafx.stage.Stage");           // javafx.graphics
+            Class.forName("javafx.scene.control.Skin");    // javafx.controls
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            LOG.warning("JavaFX is incomplete or not found", e);
+            showErrorAndExit(i18n("fatal.javafx.incomplete"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void addEnableNativeAccess() {
+        if (JavaRuntime.CURRENT_VERSION > 21) {
+            try {
+                // javafx.graphics
+                Module module = Class.forName("javafx.stage.Stage").getModule();
+                if (module.isNamed()) {
+                    try {
+                        MethodHandles.Lookup lookup = MethodHandles.privateLookupIn(Module.class, MethodHandles.lookup());
+                        MethodHandle implAddEnableNativeAccess = lookup.findVirtual(Module.class,
+                                "implAddEnableNativeAccess", MethodType.methodType(Module.class));
+                        Module ignored = (Module) implAddEnableNativeAccess.invokeExact(module);
+                    } catch (Throwable e) {
+                        e.printStackTrace(System.err);
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+                LOG.error("Failed to add enable native access for JavaFX", e);
+                showErrorAndExit(i18n("fatal.javafx.incomplete"));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void enableUnsafeMemoryAccess() {
+        // https://openjdk.org/jeps/498
+        if (JavaRuntime.CURRENT_VERSION == 24 || JavaRuntime.CURRENT_VERSION == 25) {
+            try {
+                Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("sun.misc.Unsafe");
+                boolean ignored = (boolean) MethodHandles.privateLookupIn(clazz, MethodHandles.lookup())
+                        .findStatic(clazz, "trySetMemoryAccessWarned", MethodType.methodType(boolean.class))
+                        .invokeExact();
+            } catch (Throwable e) {
+                LOG.warning("Failed to enable unsafe memory access", e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates that a fatal error has occurred, and that the application cannot start.
+     */
+    private static void showErrorAndExit(String message) {
+        SwingUtils.showErrorDialog(message);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+}
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package org.jackhuang.hmcl;

 import javafx.application.Application;
 import javafx.application.Platform;
+import javafx.beans.value.ObservableBooleanValue;
 import javafx.scene.control.Alert;
 import javafx.scene.control.Alert.AlertType;
 import javafx.scene.control.ButtonType;
@@ -27,6 +28,8 @@ import javafx.scene.input.DataFormat;
 import javafx.stage.Stage;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.SambaException;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.FileSaver;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.AsyncTaskExecutor;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Schedulers;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.Controllers;
@@ -38,11 +41,14 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.JarUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.Architecture;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.CommandBuilder;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.NativeUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.SystemInfo;

 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
+import java.lang.management.MemoryPoolMXBean;
 import java.net.CookieHandler;
 import java.net.CookieManager;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
@@ -50,9 +56,12 @@ import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils.runInFX;
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.DataSizeUnit.MEGABYTES;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;

@@ -66,27 +75,25 @@ public final class Launcher extends Application {
        CookieHandler.setDefault(COOKIE_MANAGER);

        LOG.info("JavaFX Version: " + System.getProperty("javafx.runtime.version"));
-        try {
-            Object pipeline = Class.forName("com.sun.prism.GraphicsPipeline").getMethod("getPipeline").invoke(null);
-            LOG.info("Prism pipeline: " + (pipeline == null ? "null" : pipeline.getClass().getName()));
-        } catch (Throwable e) {
-            LOG.warning("Failed to get prism pipeline", e);
-        }
+        LOG.info("Prism Pipeline: " + FXUtils.GRAPHICS_PIPELINE);
+        LOG.info("Dark Mode: " + Optional.ofNullable(FXUtils.DARK_MODE).map(ObservableBooleanValue::get).orElse(false));
+        LOG.info("Reduced Motion: " + Objects.requireNonNullElse(FXUtils.REDUCED_MOTION, false));

        try {
            try {
                ConfigHolder.init();
-            } catch (SambaException ignored) {
-                Main.showWarningAndContinue(i18n("fatal.samba"));
+            } catch (SambaException e) {
+                showAlert(AlertType.WARNING, i18n("fatal.samba"));
            } catch (IOException e) {
                LOG.error("Failed to load config", e);
                checkConfigInTempDir();
                checkConfigOwner();
-                Main.showErrorAndExit(i18n("fatal.config_loading_failure", ConfigHolder.configLocation().getParent()));
+                showAlert(AlertType.ERROR, i18n("fatal.config_loading_failure", ConfigHolder.configLocation().getParent()));
+                EntryPoint.exit(1);
            }

            // https://lapcatsoftware.com/articles/app-translocation.html
-            if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.OSX
+            if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.MACOS
                    && ConfigHolder.isNewlyCreated()
                    && System.getProperty("user.dir").startsWith("/private/var/folders/")) {
                if (showAlert(AlertType.WARNING, i18n("fatal.mac_app_translocation"), ButtonType.YES, ButtonType.NO) == ButtonType.NO)
@@ -100,8 +107,12 @@ public final class Launcher extends Application {
                    return;
            }

-            if (Metadata.HMCL_DIRECTORY.toString().indexOf('=') >= 0) {
-                Main.showWarningAndContinue(i18n("fatal.illegal_char"));
+            if (ConfigHolder.isUnsupportedVersion()) {
+                showAlert(AlertType.WARNING, i18n("fatal.config_unsupported_version"));
+            }
+
+            if (Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY.toString().indexOf('=') >= 0) {
+                showAlert(AlertType.WARNING, i18n("fatal.illegal_char"));
            }

            // runLater to ensure ConfigHolder.init() finished initialization
@@ -148,7 +159,7 @@ public final class Launcher extends Application {
                    || configPath.startsWith("/var/cache/")
                    || configPath.startsWith("/dev/shm/")
                    || configPath.contains("/Trash/");
-        } else if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.OSX) {
+        } else if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.MACOS) {
            return configPath.startsWith("/var/folders/")
                    || configPath.startsWith("/private/var/folders/")
                    || configPath.startsWith("/tmp/")
@@ -164,7 +175,7 @@ public final class Launcher extends Application {
    private static void checkConfigInTempDir() {
        if (ConfigHolder.isNewlyCreated() && isConfigInTempDir()
                && showAlert(AlertType.WARNING, i18n("fatal.config_in_temp_dir"), ButtonType.YES, ButtonType.NO) == ButtonType.NO) {
-            Main.exit(0);
+            EntryPoint.exit(0);
        }
    }

@@ -186,8 +197,10 @@ public final class Launcher extends Application {

        ArrayList<String> files = new ArrayList<>();
        files.add(ConfigHolder.configLocation().toString());
-        if (Files.exists(Metadata.HMCL_DIRECTORY))
-            files.add(Metadata.HMCL_DIRECTORY.toString());
+        if (Files.exists(Metadata.HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY))
+            files.add(Metadata.HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY.toString());
+        if (Files.exists(Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY))
+            files.add(Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY.toString());

        Path mcDir = Paths.get(".minecraft").toAbsolutePath().normalize();
        if (Files.exists(mcDir))
@@ -202,12 +215,13 @@ public final class Launcher extends Application {
            Clipboard.getSystemClipboard()
                    .setContent(Collections.singletonMap(DataFormat.PLAIN_TEXT, command));
        }
-        Main.exit(1);
+        EntryPoint.exit(1);
    }

    @Override
    public void stop() throws Exception {
        Controllers.onApplicationStop();
+        FileSaver.shutdown();
        LOG.shutdown();
    }

@@ -223,8 +237,8 @@ public final class Launcher extends Application {
        try {
            LOG.info("*** " + Metadata.TITLE + " ***");
            LOG.info("Operating System: " + (OperatingSystem.OS_RELEASE_PRETTY_NAME == null
-                    ? OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_NAME + ' ' + OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_VERSION
-                    : OperatingSystem.OS_RELEASE_PRETTY_NAME + " (" + OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_NAME + ' ' + OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_VERSION + ')'));
+                    ? OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_NAME + ' ' + OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_VERSION.getVersion()
+                    : OperatingSystem.OS_RELEASE_PRETTY_NAME + " (" + OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_NAME + ' ' + OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_VERSION.getVersion() + ')'));
            if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS) {
                LOG.info("Processor Identifier: " + System.getenv("PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER"));
            }
@@ -238,21 +252,30 @@ public final class Launcher extends Application {
            LOG.info("Java Version: " + System.getProperty("java.version") + ", " + System.getProperty("java.vendor"));
            LOG.info("Java VM Version: " + System.getProperty("java.vm.name") + " (" + System.getProperty("java.vm.info") + "), " + System.getProperty("java.vm.vendor"));
            LOG.info("Java Home: " + System.getProperty("java.home"));
-            LOG.info("Current Directory: " + System.getProperty("user.dir"));
-            LOG.info("HMCL Directory: " + Metadata.HMCL_DIRECTORY);
+            LOG.info("Current Directory: " + Metadata.CURRENT_DIRECTORY);
+            LOG.info("HMCL Global Directory: " + Metadata.HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY);
+            LOG.info("HMCL Current Directory: " + Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY);
            LOG.info("HMCL Jar Path: " + Lang.requireNonNullElse(JarUtils.thisJarPath(), "Not Found"));
            LOG.info("HMCL Log File: " + Lang.requireNonNullElse(LOG.getLogFile(), "In Memory"));
-            LOG.info("Memory: " + Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 1024 / 1024 + "MB");
-            LOG.info("Physical memory: " + OperatingSystem.TOTAL_MEMORY + " MB");
-            LOG.info("Metaspace: " + ManagementFactory.getMemoryPoolMXBeans().stream()
-                    .filter(bean -> bean.getName().equals("Metaspace"))
-                    .findAny()
-                    .map(bean -> bean.getUsage().getUsed() / 1024 / 1024 + "MB")
-                    .orElse("Unknown"));
+            LOG.info("JVM Max Memory: " + MEGABYTES.formatBytes(Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory()));
+            try {
+                for (MemoryPoolMXBean bean : ManagementFactory.getMemoryPoolMXBeans()) {
+                    if ("Metaspace".equals(bean.getName())) {
+                        long bytes = bean.getUsage().getUsed();
+                        LOG.info("Metaspace: " + MEGABYTES.formatBytes(bytes));
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (NoClassDefFoundError ignored) {
+            }
+            LOG.info("Native Backend: " + (NativeUtils.USE_JNA ? "JNA" : "None"));
            if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS.isLinuxOrBSD()) {
                LOG.info("XDG Session Type: " + System.getenv("XDG_SESSION_TYPE"));
                LOG.info("XDG Current Desktop: " + System.getenv("XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP"));
            }
+
+            Lang.thread(SystemInfo::initialize, "Detection System Information", true);
+
            launch(Launcher.class, args);
        } catch (Throwable e) { // Fucking JavaFX will suppress the exception and will break our crash reporter.
            CRASH_REPORTER.uncaughtException(Thread.currentThread(), e);
@@ -281,7 +304,7 @@ public final class Launcher extends Application {
            Controllers.getStage().close();
            Schedulers.shutdown();
            Controllers.shutdown();
-            Lang.executeDelayed(OperatingSystem::forceGC, TimeUnit.SECONDS, 5, true);
+            Lang.executeDelayed(System::gc, TimeUnit.SECONDS, 5, true);
        });
    }

@@ -1,222 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
- * Copyright (C) 2020  huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-package org.jackhuang.hmcl;
-
-import javafx.application.Platform;
-import javafx.scene.control.Alert;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.AwtUtils;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.ModuleHelper;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.SelfDependencyPatcher;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.SwingUtils;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.java.JavaRuntime;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
-
-import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
-import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
-import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.InputStream;
-import java.lang.reflect.Method;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
-import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.nio.file.Paths;
-import java.security.KeyManagementException;
-import java.security.KeyStore;
-import java.security.KeyStoreException;
-import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
-import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
-import java.util.Collections;
-import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException;
-
-import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang.thread;
-import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
-import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;
-
-public final class Main {
-
-    private Main() {
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        System.getProperties().putIfAbsent("java.net.useSystemProxies", "true");
-        System.getProperties().putIfAbsent("javafx.autoproxy.disable", "true");
-        System.getProperties().putIfAbsent("http.agent", "HMCL/" + Metadata.VERSION);
-
-        LOG.start(Metadata.HMCL_DIRECTORY.resolve("logs"));
-
-        checkDirectoryPath();
-
-        if (JavaRuntime.CURRENT_VERSION < 9)
-            // This environment check will take ~300ms
-            thread(Main::fixLetsEncrypt, "CA Certificate Check", true);
-
-        if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.OSX)
-            initIcon();
-
-        checkJavaFX();
-        verifyJavaFX();
-        addEnableNativeAccess();
-        enableUnsafeMemoryAccess();
-
-        Launcher.main(args);
-    }
-
-    public static void exit(int exitCode) {
-        LOG.shutdown();
-        System.exit(exitCode);
-    }
-
-    private static void initIcon() {
-        java.awt.Image image = java.awt.Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(Main.class.getResource("/assets/img/icon-mac.png"));
-        AwtUtils.setAppleIcon(image);
-    }
-
-    private static void checkDirectoryPath() {
-        String currentDirectory = new File("").getAbsolutePath();
-        if (currentDirectory.contains("!")) {
-            // No Chinese translation because both Swing and JavaFX cannot render Chinese character properly when exclamation mark exists in the path.
-            showErrorAndExit("Exclamation mark(!) is not allowed in the path where HMCL is in.\n"
-                    + "The path is " + currentDirectory);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static void checkJavaFX() {
-        try {
-            SelfDependencyPatcher.patch();
-        } catch (SelfDependencyPatcher.PatchException e) {
-            LOG.error("unable to patch JVM", e);
-            showErrorAndExit(i18n("fatal.javafx.missing"));
-        } catch (SelfDependencyPatcher.IncompatibleVersionException e) {
-            LOG.error("unable to patch JVM", e);
-            showErrorAndExit(i18n("fatal.javafx.incompatible"));
-        } catch (CancellationException e) {
-            LOG.error("User cancels downloading JavaFX", e);
-            exit(0);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Check if JavaFX exists but is incomplete
-     */
-    private static void verifyJavaFX() {
-        try {
-            Class.forName("javafx.beans.binding.Binding"); // javafx.base
-            Class.forName("javafx.stage.Stage");           // javafx.graphics
-            Class.forName("javafx.scene.control.Skin");    // javafx.controls
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace(System.err);
-            showErrorAndExit(i18n("fatal.javafx.incomplete"));
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static void addEnableNativeAccess() {
-        if (JavaRuntime.CURRENT_VERSION > 21) {
-            try {
-                ModuleHelper.addEnableNativeAccess(Class.forName("javafx.stage.Stage")); // javafx.graphics
-            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
-                e.printStackTrace(System.err);
-                showErrorAndExit(i18n("fatal.javafx.incomplete"));
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static void enableUnsafeMemoryAccess() {
-        // https://openjdk.org/jeps/498
-        if (JavaRuntime.CURRENT_VERSION == 24 || JavaRuntime.CURRENT_VERSION == 25) {
-            try {
-                Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("sun.misc.Unsafe");
-                Method trySetMemoryAccessWarned = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("trySetMemoryAccessWarned");
-                trySetMemoryAccessWarned.setAccessible(true);
-                trySetMemoryAccessWarned.invoke(null);
-            } catch (Throwable e) {
-                e.printStackTrace(System.err);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Indicates that a fatal error has occurred, and that the application cannot start.
-     */
-    static void showErrorAndExit(String message) {
-        System.err.println(message);
-        System.err.println("A fatal error has occurred, forcibly exiting.");
-
-        try {
-            if (Platform.isFxApplicationThread()) {
-                new Alert(Alert.AlertType.ERROR, message).showAndWait();
-                exit(1);
-            }
-        } catch (Throwable ignored) {
-        }
-
-        SwingUtils.showErrorDialog(message);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Indicates that potential issues have been detected, and that the application may not function properly (but it can still run).
-     */
-    static void showWarningAndContinue(String message) {
-        System.err.println(message);
-        System.err.println("Potential issues have been detected.");
-
-        try {
-            if (Platform.isFxApplicationThread()) {
-                new Alert(Alert.AlertType.WARNING, message).showAndWait();
-                return;
-            }
-        } catch (Throwable ignored) {
-        }
-
-        SwingUtils.showWarningDialog(message);
-    }
-
-    private static void fixLetsEncrypt() {
-        try {
-            KeyStore defaultKeyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
-            Path ksPath = Paths.get(System.getProperty("java.home"), "lib", "security", "cacerts");
-
-            try (InputStream ksStream = Files.newInputStream(ksPath)) {
-                defaultKeyStore.load(ksStream, "changeit".toCharArray());
-            }
-
-            KeyStore letsEncryptKeyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
-            try (InputStream letsEncryptFile = Main.class.getResourceAsStream("/assets/lekeystore.jks")) {
-                letsEncryptKeyStore.load(letsEncryptFile, "supersecretpassword".toCharArray());
-            }
-
-            KeyStore merged = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
-            merged.load(null, new char[0]);
-            for (String alias : Collections.list(letsEncryptKeyStore.aliases()))
-                merged.setCertificateEntry(alias, letsEncryptKeyStore.getCertificate(alias));
-            for (String alias : Collections.list(defaultKeyStore.aliases()))
-                merged.setCertificateEntry(alias, defaultKeyStore.getCertificate(alias));
-
-            TrustManagerFactory instance = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
-            instance.init(merged);
-            SSLContext tls = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
-            tls.init(null, instance.getTrustManagers(), null);
-            HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(tls.getSocketFactory());
-            LOG.info("Added Lets Encrypt root certificates as additional trust");
-        } catch (KeyStoreException | IOException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | CertificateException |
-                 KeyManagementException e) {
-            LOG.error("Failed to load lets encrypt certificate. Expect problems", e);
-        }
-    }
-}
@@ -19,24 +19,32 @@ package org.jackhuang.hmcl;

 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.JarUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.Architecture;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;

 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.EnumSet;

 /**
 * Stores metadata about this application.
 */
 public final class Metadata {
-    private Metadata() {}
+    private Metadata() {
+    }

    public static final String NAME = "HMCL";
    public static final String FULL_NAME = "Hello Minecraft! Launcher";
-    public static final String VERSION = System.getProperty("hmcl.version.override", JarUtils.getManifestAttribute("Implementation-Version", "@develop@"));
+    public static final String VERSION = System.getProperty("hmcl.version.override", JarUtils.getAttribute("hmcl.version", "@develop@"));

    public static final String TITLE = NAME + " " + VERSION;
    public static final String FULL_TITLE = FULL_NAME + " v" + VERSION;

+    public static final int MINIMUM_REQUIRED_JAVA_VERSION = 17;
+    public static final int MINIMUM_SUPPORTED_JAVA_VERSION = 17;
+    public static final int RECOMMENDED_JAVA_VERSION = 21;
+
    public static final String PUBLISH_URL = "https://hmcl.huangyuhui.net";
    public static final String ABOUT_URL = PUBLISH_URL + "/about";
    public static final String DOWNLOAD_URL = PUBLISH_URL + "/download";
@@ -46,13 +54,16 @@ public final class Metadata {
    public static final String CONTACT_URL = DOCS_URL + "/help.html";
    public static final String CHANGELOG_URL = DOCS_URL + "/changelog/";
    public static final String EULA_URL = DOCS_URL + "/eula/hmcl.html";
-    public static final String GROUPS_URL = DOCS_URL + "/groups.html";
+    public static final String GROUPS_URL = "https://www.bilibili.com/opus/905435541874409529";

-    public static final String BUILD_CHANNEL = JarUtils.getManifestAttribute("Build-Channel", "nightly");
-    public static final String GITHUB_SHA = JarUtils.getManifestAttribute("GitHub-SHA", null);
+    public static final String BUILD_CHANNEL = JarUtils.getAttribute("hmcl.version.type", "nightly");
+    public static final String GITHUB_SHA = JarUtils.getAttribute("hmcl.version.hash", null);

+    public static final Path CURRENT_DIRECTORY = Paths.get(System.getProperty("user.dir")).toAbsolutePath().normalize();
    public static final Path MINECRAFT_DIRECTORY = OperatingSystem.getWorkingDirectory("minecraft");
-    public static final Path HMCL_DIRECTORY;
+    public static final Path HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY;
+    public static final Path HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY;
+    public static final Path DEPENDENCIES_DIRECTORY;

    static {
        String hmclHome = System.getProperty("hmcl.home");
@@ -60,16 +71,22 @@ public final class Metadata {
            if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS.isLinuxOrBSD()) {
                String xdgData = System.getenv("XDG_DATA_HOME");
                if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(xdgData)) {
-                    HMCL_DIRECTORY = Paths.get(xdgData, "hmcl").toAbsolutePath();
+                    HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY = Paths.get(xdgData, "hmcl").toAbsolutePath().normalize();
                } else {
-                    HMCL_DIRECTORY = Paths.get(System.getProperty("user.home", "."), ".local", "share", "hmcl").toAbsolutePath();
+                    HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY = Paths.get(System.getProperty("user.home"), ".local", "share", "hmcl").toAbsolutePath().normalize();
                }
            } else {
-                HMCL_DIRECTORY = OperatingSystem.getWorkingDirectory("hmcl");
+                HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY = OperatingSystem.getWorkingDirectory("hmcl");
            }
        } else {
-            HMCL_DIRECTORY = Paths.get(hmclHome).toAbsolutePath().normalize();
+            HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY = Paths.get(hmclHome).toAbsolutePath().normalize();
        }
+
+        String hmclCurrentDir = System.getProperty("hmcl.dir");
+        HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY = hmclCurrentDir != null
+                ? Paths.get(hmclCurrentDir).toAbsolutePath().normalize()
+                : CURRENT_DIRECTORY.resolve(".hmcl");
+        DEPENDENCIES_DIRECTORY = HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY.resolve("dependencies");
    }

    public static boolean isStable() {
@@ -83,4 +100,31 @@ public final class Metadata {
    public static boolean isNightly() {
        return !isStable() && !isDev();
    }
+
+    public static @Nullable String getSuggestedJavaDownloadLink() {
+        if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.LINUX && Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH == Architecture.LOONGARCH64_OW)
+            return "https://www.loongnix.cn/zh/api/java/downloads-jdk21/index.html";
+        else {
+            EnumSet<Architecture> supportedArchitectures;
+            if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS)
+                supportedArchitectures = EnumSet.of(Architecture.X86_64, Architecture.X86, Architecture.ARM64);
+            else if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.LINUX)
+                supportedArchitectures = EnumSet.of(
+                        Architecture.X86_64, Architecture.X86,
+                        Architecture.ARM64, Architecture.ARM32,
+                        Architecture.RISCV64, Architecture.LOONGARCH64
+                );
+            else if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.MACOS)
+                supportedArchitectures = EnumSet.of(Architecture.X86_64, Architecture.ARM64);
+            else
+                supportedArchitectures = EnumSet.noneOf(Architecture.class);
+            if (supportedArchitectures.contains(Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH))
+                return String.format("https://docs.hmcl.net/downloads/%s/%s.html",
+                        OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS.getCheckedName(),
+                        Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH.getCheckedName()
+                );
+            else
+                return null;
+        }
+    }
 }
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public class CrashReport {
                "\n  Content: \n    " +
                stackTrace + "\n\n" +
                "-- System Details --\n" +
-                "  Operating System: " + OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_NAME + ' ' + OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_VERSION + "\n" +
+                "  Operating System: " + OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_NAME + ' ' + OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_VERSION.getVersion() + "\n" +
                "  System Architecture: " + Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH.getDisplayName() + "\n" +
                "  Java Architecture: " + Architecture.CURRENT_ARCH.getDisplayName() + "\n" +
                "  Java Version: " + System.getProperty("java.version") + ", " + System.getProperty("java.vendor") + "\n" +
@@ -21,15 +21,17 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.AuthInfo;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.launch.DefaultLauncher;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.launch.ProcessListener;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.LocaleUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.ManagedProcess;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.versioning.GameVersionNumber;

-import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.util.Map;
+import java.nio.file.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;

+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder.config;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;

 /**
@@ -58,61 +60,82 @@ public final class HMCLGameLauncher extends DefaultLauncher {
    }

    private void generateOptionsTxt() {
-        File optionsFile = new File(repository.getRunDirectory(version.getId()), "options.txt");
-        File configFolder = new File(repository.getRunDirectory(version.getId()), "config");
-
-        if (optionsFile.exists()) {
+        if (config().isDisableAutoGameOptions())
            return;
-        }

-        if (configFolder.isDirectory()) {
-            if (findFiles(configFolder, "options.txt")) {
-                return;
+        Path runDir = repository.getRunDirectory(version.getId());
+        Path optionsFile = runDir.resolve("options.txt");
+        Path configFolder = runDir.resolve("config");
+
+        if (Files.exists(optionsFile))
+            return;
+
+        if (Files.isDirectory(configFolder)) {
+            try (Stream<Path> stream = Files.walk(configFolder, 2, FileVisitOption.FOLLOW_LINKS)) {
+                if (stream.anyMatch(file -> "options.txt".equals(FileUtils.getName(file))))
+                    return;
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                LOG.warning("Failed to visit config folder", e);
            }
        }

-        if (!I18n.isUseChinese()) {
-            return;
-        }
+        Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();

-        String lang;
        /*
-            1.0-     ：没有语言选项，遇到这些版本时不设置
-            1.1 ~ 5  ：zh_CN 时正常，zh_cn 时崩溃（最后两位字母必须大写，否则将会 NPE 崩溃）
-            1.6 ~ 10 ：zh_CN 时正常，zh_cn 时自动切换为英文
-            1.11 ~ 12：zh_cn 时正常，zh_CN 时虽然显示了中文但语言设置会错误地显示选择英文
-            1.13+    ：zh_cn 时正常，zh_CN 时自动切换为英文
+         *  1.0         : No language option, do not set for these versions
+         *  1.1  ~ 1.5  : zh_CN works fine, zh_cn will crash (the last two letters must be uppercase, otherwise it will cause an NPE crash)
+         *  1.6  ~ 1.10 : zh_CN works fine, zh_cn will automatically switch to English
+         *  1.11 ~ 1.12 : zh_cn works fine, zh_CN will display Chinese but the language setting will incorrectly show English as selected
+         *  1.13+       : zh_cn works fine, zh_CN will automatically switch to English
         */
        GameVersionNumber gameVersion = GameVersionNumber.asGameVersion(repository.getGameVersion(version));
-        if (gameVersion.compareTo("1.1") < 0) {
-            lang = null;
-        } else if (gameVersion.compareTo("1.11") < 0) {
-            lang = "zh_CN";
-        } else {
-            lang = "zh_cn";
-        }
+        if (gameVersion.compareTo("1.1") < 0)
+            return;

-        if (lang != null) {
-            try {
-                FileUtils.writeText(optionsFile, String.format("lang:%s\n", lang));
-            } catch (IOException e) {
-                LOG.warning("Unable to generate options.txt", e);
-            }
+        String lang = normalizedLanguageTag(locale, gameVersion);
+        if (lang.isEmpty())
+            return;
+
+        if (gameVersion.compareTo("1.11") >= 0)
+            lang = lang.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+
+        try {
+            Files.createDirectories(optionsFile.getParent());
+            Files.writeString(optionsFile, String.format("lang:%s\n", lang));
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            LOG.warning("Unable to generate options.txt", e);
        }
    }

-    private boolean findFiles(File folder, String fileName) {
-        File[] fs = folder.listFiles();
-        if (fs != null) {
-            for (File f : fs) {
-                if (f.isDirectory())
-                    if (f.listFiles((dir, name) -> name.equals(fileName)) != null)
-                        return true;
-                if (f.getName().equals(fileName))
-                    return true;
+    private static String normalizedLanguageTag(Locale locale, GameVersionNumber gameVersion) {
+        String region = locale.getCountry();
+
+        return switch (LocaleUtils.getRootLanguage(locale)) {
+            case "es" -> "es_ES";
+            case "ja" -> "ja_JP";
+            case "ru" -> "ru_RU";
+            case "uk" -> "uk_UA";
+            case "zh" -> {
+                if ("lzh".equals(locale.getLanguage()) && gameVersion.compareTo("1.16") >= 0)
+                    yield "lzh";
+
+                String script = LocaleUtils.getScript(locale);
+                if ("Hant".equals(script)) {
+                    if ((region.equals("HK") || region.equals("MO") && gameVersion.compareTo("1.16") >= 0))
+                        yield "zh_HK";
+                    yield "zh_TW";
+                }
+                yield "zh_CN";
            }
-        }
-        return false;
+            case "en" -> {
+                if ("Qabs".equals(LocaleUtils.getScript(locale)) && gameVersion.compareTo("1.16") >= 0) {
+                    yield "en_UD";
+                }
+
+                yield "";
+            }
+            default -> "";
+        };
    }

    @Override
@@ -122,7 +145,7 @@ public final class HMCLGameLauncher extends DefaultLauncher {
    }

    @Override
-    public void makeLaunchScript(File scriptFile) throws IOException {
+    public void makeLaunchScript(Path scriptFile) throws IOException {
        generateOptionsTxt();
        super.makeLaunchScript(scriptFile);
    }
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.Modpack;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.ModpackConfiguration;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.ModpackProvider;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.Profile;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ProxyManager;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.FileSaver;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.VersionIconType;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.VersionSetting;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
@@ -40,12 +40,13 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.java.JavaRuntime;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.SystemInfo;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.versioning.VersionNumber;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;

-import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.InvalidPathException;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.time.Instant;
 import java.util.*;
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder.config;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Pair.pair;

-public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
+public final class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
    private final Profile profile;

    // local version settings
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {

    public final EventManager<Event> onVersionIconChanged = new EventManager<>();

-    public HMCLGameRepository(Profile profile, File baseDirectory) {
+    public HMCLGameRepository(Profile profile, Path baseDirectory) {
        super(baseDirectory);
        this.profile = profile;
    }
@@ -84,18 +85,20 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
    }

    @Override
-    public File getRunDirectory(String id) {
+    public Path getRunDirectory(String id) {
        switch (getGameDirectoryType(id)) {
            case VERSION_FOLDER:
                return getVersionRoot(id);
            case ROOT_FOLDER:
                return super.getRunDirectory(id);
            case CUSTOM:
-                File dir = new File(getVersionSetting(id).getGameDir());
-                if (!FileUtils.isValidPath(dir)) return getVersionRoot(id);
-                return dir;
+                try {
+                    return Path.of(getVersionSetting(id).getGameDir());
+                } catch (InvalidPathException ignored) {
+                    return getVersionRoot(id);
+                }
            default:
-                throw new Error();
+                throw new AssertionError("Unreachable");
        }
    }

@@ -118,25 +121,24 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
        });

        try {
-            File file = new File(getBaseDirectory(), "launcher_profiles.json");
-            if (!file.exists() && !versions.isEmpty())
-                FileUtils.writeText(file, PROFILE);
+            Path file = getBaseDirectory().resolve("launcher_profiles.json");
+            if (!Files.exists(file) && !versions.isEmpty()) {
+                Files.createDirectories(file.getParent());
+                Files.writeString(file, PROFILE);
+            }
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            LOG.warning("Unable to create launcher_profiles.json, Forge/LiteLoader installer will not work.", ex);
        }
-
-        // https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/issues/938
-        System.gc();
    }

-    public void changeDirectory(File newDirectory) {
+    public void changeDirectory(Path newDirectory) {
        setBaseDirectory(newDirectory);
        refreshVersionsAsync().start();
    }

-    private void clean(File directory) throws IOException {
-        FileUtils.deleteDirectory(new File(directory, "crash-reports"));
-        FileUtils.deleteDirectory(new File(directory, "logs"));
+    private void clean(Path directory) throws IOException {
+        FileUtils.deleteDirectory(directory.resolve("crash-reports"));
+        FileUtils.deleteDirectory(directory.resolve("logs"));
    }

    public void clean(String id) throws IOException {
@@ -145,25 +147,33 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
    }

    public void duplicateVersion(String srcId, String dstId, boolean copySaves) throws IOException {
-        Path srcDir = getVersionRoot(srcId).toPath();
-        Path dstDir = getVersionRoot(dstId).toPath();
+        Path srcDir = getVersionRoot(srcId);
+        Path dstDir = getVersionRoot(dstId);

        Version fromVersion = getVersion(srcId);

-        if (Files.exists(dstDir)) throw new IOException("Version exists");
-        FileUtils.copyDirectory(srcDir, dstDir);
+        List<String> blackList = new ArrayList<>(ModAdviser.MODPACK_BLACK_LIST);
+        blackList.add(srcId + ".jar");
+        blackList.add(srcId + ".json");
+        if (!copySaves)
+            blackList.add("saves");

-        Path fromJson = dstDir.resolve(srcId + ".json");
-        Path fromJar = dstDir.resolve(srcId + ".jar");
+        if (Files.exists(dstDir)) throw new IOException("Version exists");
+
+        Files.createDirectories(dstDir);
+        FileUtils.copyDirectory(srcDir, dstDir, path -> Modpack.acceptFile(path, blackList, null));
+
+        Path fromJson = srcDir.resolve(srcId + ".json");
+        Path fromJar = srcDir.resolve(srcId + ".jar");
        Path toJson = dstDir.resolve(dstId + ".json");
        Path toJar = dstDir.resolve(dstId + ".jar");

        if (Files.exists(fromJar)) {
-            Files.move(fromJar, toJar);
+            Files.copy(fromJar, toJar);
        }
-        Files.move(fromJson, toJson);
+        Files.copy(fromJson, toJson);

-        FileUtils.writeText(toJson.toFile(), JsonUtils.GSON.toJson(fromVersion.setId(dstId)));
+        JsonUtils.writeToJsonFile(toJson, fromVersion.setId(dstId));

        VersionSetting oldVersionSetting = getVersionSetting(srcId).clone();
        GameDirectoryType originalGameDirType = oldVersionSetting.getGameDirType();
@@ -172,28 +182,22 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
        VersionSetting newVersionSetting = initLocalVersionSetting(dstId, oldVersionSetting);
        saveVersionSetting(dstId);

-        File srcGameDir = getRunDirectory(srcId);
-        File dstGameDir = getRunDirectory(dstId);
-
-        List<String> blackList = new ArrayList<>(ModAdviser.MODPACK_BLACK_LIST);
-        blackList.add(srcId + ".jar");
-        blackList.add(srcId + ".json");
-        if (!copySaves)
-            blackList.add("saves");
+        Path srcGameDir = getRunDirectory(srcId);
+        Path dstGameDir = getRunDirectory(dstId);

        if (originalGameDirType != GameDirectoryType.VERSION_FOLDER)
-            FileUtils.copyDirectory(srcGameDir.toPath(), dstGameDir.toPath(), path -> Modpack.acceptFile(path, blackList, null));
+            FileUtils.copyDirectory(srcGameDir, dstGameDir, path -> Modpack.acceptFile(path, blackList, null));
    }

-    private File getLocalVersionSettingFile(String id) {
-        return new File(getVersionRoot(id), "hmclversion.cfg");
+    private Path getLocalVersionSettingFile(String id) {
+        return getVersionRoot(id).resolve("hmclversion.cfg");
    }

    private void loadLocalVersionSetting(String id) {
-        File file = getLocalVersionSettingFile(id);
-        if (file.exists())
+        Path file = getLocalVersionSettingFile(id);
+        if (Files.exists(file))
            try {
-                VersionSetting versionSetting = GSON.fromJson(FileUtils.readText(file), VersionSetting.class);
+                VersionSetting versionSetting = JsonUtils.fromJsonFile(file, VersionSetting.class);
                initLocalVersionSetting(id, versionSetting);
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                // If [JsonParseException], [IOException] or [NullPointerException] happens, the json file is malformed and needed to be recreated.
@@ -203,6 +207,7 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {

    /**
     * Create new version setting if version id has no version setting.
+     *
     * @param id the version id.
     * @return new version setting, null if given version does not exist.
     */
@@ -225,7 +230,6 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
     * Get the version setting for version id.
     *
     * @param id version id
-     *
     * @return corresponding version setting, null if the version has no its own version setting.
     */
    @Nullable
@@ -256,12 +260,12 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
            return vs;
    }

-    public Optional<File> getVersionIconFile(String id) {
-        File root = getVersionRoot(id);
+    public Optional<Path> getVersionIconFile(String id) {
+        Path root = getVersionRoot(id);

        for (String extension : FXUtils.IMAGE_EXTENSIONS) {
-            File file = new File(root, "icon." + extension);
-            if (file.exists()) {
+            Path file = root.resolve("icon." + extension);
+            if (Files.exists(file)) {
                return Optional.of(file);
            }
        }
@@ -269,7 +273,7 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
        return Optional.empty();
    }

-    public void setVersionIconFile(String id, File iconFile) throws IOException {
+    public void setVersionIconFile(String id, Path iconFile) throws IOException {
        String ext = FileUtils.getExtension(iconFile).toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
        if (!FXUtils.IMAGE_EXTENSIONS.contains(ext)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported icon file: " + ext);
@@ -277,13 +281,18 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {

        deleteIconFile(id);

-        FileUtils.copyFile(iconFile, new File(getVersionRoot(id), "icon." + ext));
+        FileUtils.copyFile(iconFile, getVersionRoot(id).resolve("icon." + ext));
    }

    public void deleteIconFile(String id) {
-        File root = getVersionRoot(id);
+        Path root = getVersionRoot(id);
        for (String extension : FXUtils.IMAGE_EXTENSIONS) {
-            new File(root, "icon." + extension).delete();
+            Path file = root.resolve("icon." + extension);
+            try {
+                Files.deleteIfExists(file);
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                LOG.warning("Failed to delete icon file: " + file, e);
+            }
        }
    }

@@ -296,10 +305,10 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {

        if (iconType == VersionIconType.DEFAULT) {
            Version version = getVersion(id).resolve(this);
-            Optional<File> iconFile = getVersionIconFile(id);
+            Optional<Path> iconFile = getVersionIconFile(id);
            if (iconFile.isPresent()) {
                try {
-                    return FXUtils.loadImage(iconFile.get().toPath());
+                    return FXUtils.loadImage(iconFile.get());
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    LOG.warning("Failed to load version icon of " + id, e);
                }
@@ -311,6 +320,8 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
                    return VersionIconType.FABRIC.getIcon();
                else if (libraryAnalyzer.has(LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryType.FORGE))
                    return VersionIconType.FORGE.getIcon();
+                else if (libraryAnalyzer.has(LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryType.CLEANROOM))
+                    return VersionIconType.CLEANROOM.getIcon();
                else if (libraryAnalyzer.has(LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryType.NEO_FORGE))
                    return VersionIconType.NEO_FORGE.getIcon();
                else if (libraryAnalyzer.has(LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryType.QUILT))
@@ -329,26 +340,22 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
        }
    }

-    public boolean saveVersionSetting(String id) {
+    public void saveVersionSetting(String id) {
        if (!localVersionSettings.containsKey(id))
-            return false;
-        File file = getLocalVersionSettingFile(id);
-        if (!FileUtils.makeDirectory(file.getAbsoluteFile().getParentFile()))
-            return false;
-
-        LOG.info("Saving version setting: " + id);
-
+            return;
+        Path file = getLocalVersionSettingFile(id).toAbsolutePath().normalize();
        try {
-            FileUtils.writeText(file, GSON.toJson(localVersionSettings.get(id)));
-            return true;
+            Files.createDirectories(file.getParent());
        } catch (IOException e) {
-            LOG.error("Unable to save version setting of " + id, e);
-            return false;
+            LOG.warning("Failed to create directory: " + file.getParent(), e);
        }
+
+        FileSaver.save(file, GSON.toJson(localVersionSettings.get(id)));
    }

    /**
     * Make version use self version settings instead of the global one.
+     *
     * @param id the version id.
     * @return specialized version setting, null if given version does not exist.
     */
@@ -370,7 +377,7 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
            vs.setUsesGlobal(true);
    }

-    public LaunchOptions getLaunchOptions(String version, JavaRuntime javaVersion, File gameDir, List<String> javaAgents, List<String> javaArguments, boolean makeLaunchScript) {
+    public LaunchOptions getLaunchOptions(String version, JavaRuntime javaVersion, Path gameDir, List<String> javaAgents, List<String> javaArguments, boolean makeLaunchScript) {
        VersionSetting vs = getVersionSetting(version);

        LaunchOptions.Builder builder = new LaunchOptions.Builder()
@@ -381,9 +388,9 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
                .setProfileName(Metadata.TITLE)
                .setGameArguments(StringUtils.tokenize(vs.getMinecraftArgs()))
                .setOverrideJavaArguments(StringUtils.tokenize(vs.getJavaArgs()))
-                .setMaxMemory(vs.isNoJVMArgs() && vs.isAutoMemory() ? null : (int)(getAllocatedMemory(
+                .setMaxMemory(vs.isNoJVMArgs() && vs.isAutoMemory() ? null : (int) (getAllocatedMemory(
                        vs.getMaxMemory() * 1024L * 1024L,
-                        OperatingSystem.getPhysicalMemoryStatus().getAvailable(),
+                        SystemInfo.getPhysicalMemoryStatus().getAvailable(),
                        vs.isAutoMemory()
                ) / 1024 / 1024))
                .setMinMemory(vs.getMinMemory())
@@ -406,6 +413,7 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
                .setPreLaunchCommand(vs.getPreLaunchCommand())
                .setPostExitCommand(vs.getPostExitCommand())
                .setNoGeneratedJVMArgs(vs.isNoJVMArgs())
+                .setNoGeneratedOptimizingJVMArgs(vs.isNoOptimizingJVMArgs())
                .setNativesDirType(vs.getNativesDirType())
                .setNativesDir(vs.getNativesDir())
                .setProcessPriority(vs.getProcessPriority())
@@ -415,23 +423,27 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
                .setDaemon(!makeLaunchScript && vs.getLauncherVisibility().isDaemon())
                .setJavaAgents(javaAgents)
                .setJavaArguments(javaArguments);
+
        if (config().hasProxy()) {
-            builder.setProxy(ProxyManager.getProxy());
+            builder.setProxyType(config().getProxyType());
+            builder.setProxyHost(config().getProxyHost());
+            builder.setProxyPort(config().getProxyPort());
+
            if (config().hasProxyAuth()) {
                builder.setProxyUser(config().getProxyUser());
                builder.setProxyPass(config().getProxyPass());
            }
        }

-        File json = getModpackConfiguration(version);
-        if (json.exists()) {
+        Path json = getModpackConfiguration(version);
+        if (Files.exists(json)) {
            try {
-                String jsonText = FileUtils.readText(json);
+                String jsonText = Files.readString(json);
                ModpackConfiguration<?> modpackConfiguration = JsonUtils.GSON.fromJson(jsonText, ModpackConfiguration.class);
                ModpackProvider provider = ModpackHelper.getProviderByType(modpackConfiguration.getType());
                if (provider != null) provider.injectLaunchOptions(jsonText, builder);
            } catch (IOException | JsonParseException e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
+                LOG.warning("Failed to parse modpack configuration file " + json, e);
            }
        }

@@ -442,8 +454,8 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
    }

    @Override
-    public File getModpackConfiguration(String version) {
-        return new File(getVersionRoot(version), "modpack.cfg");
+    public Path getModpackConfiguration(String version) {
+        return getVersionRoot(version).resolve("modpack.cfg");
    }

    public void markVersionAsModpack(String id) {
@@ -456,16 +468,24 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {

    public void markVersionLaunchedAbnormally(String id) {
        try {
-            Files.createFile(getVersionRoot(id).toPath().resolve(".abnormal"));
+            Files.createFile(getVersionRoot(id).resolve(".abnormal"));
        } catch (IOException ignored) {
        }
    }

    public boolean unmarkVersionLaunchedAbnormally(String id) {
-        File file = new File(getVersionRoot(id), ".abnormal");
-        boolean result = file.isFile();
-        file.delete();
-        return result;
+        Path file = getVersionRoot(id).resolve(".abnormal");
+        if (Files.isRegularFile(file)) {
+            try {
+                Files.delete(file);
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                LOG.warning("Failed to delete abnormal mark file: " + file, e);
+            }
+
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
    }

    private static final Gson GSON = new GsonBuilder()
@@ -487,7 +507,7 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {
                FORBIDDEN_VERSION_IDS.contains(id.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)))
            return false;

-        return OperatingSystem.isNameValid(id);
+        return FileUtils.isNameValid(id);
    }

    /**
@@ -509,16 +529,16 @@ public class HMCLGameRepository extends DefaultGameRepository {

    public static long getAllocatedMemory(long minimum, long available, boolean auto) {
        if (auto) {
-            available -= 384 * 1024 * 1024; // Reserve 384MiB memory for off-heap memory and HMCL itself
+            available -= 512 * 1024 * 1024; // Reserve 512 MiB memory for off-heap memory and HMCL itself
            if (available <= 0) {
                return minimum;
            }

-            final long threshold = 8L * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+            final long threshold = 8L * 1024 * 1024 * 1024; // 8 GiB
            final long suggested = Math.min(available <= threshold
                            ? (long) (available * 0.8)
                            : (long) (threshold * 0.8 + (available - threshold) * 0.2),
-                    16384L * 1024 * 1024);
+                    16L * 1024 * 1024 * 1024);
            return Math.max(minimum, suggested);
        } else {
            return minimum;
@@ -28,16 +28,16 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.Profile;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.CompressingUtils;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;

-import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;

 public final class HMCLModpackInstallTask extends Task<Void> {
-    private final File zipFile;
+    private final Path zipFile;
    private final String name;
    private final HMCLGameRepository repository;
    private final DefaultDependencyManager dependency;
@@ -45,16 +45,16 @@ public final class HMCLModpackInstallTask extends Task<Void> {
    private final List<Task<?>> dependencies = new ArrayList<>(1);
    private final List<Task<?>> dependents = new ArrayList<>(4);

-    public HMCLModpackInstallTask(Profile profile, File zipFile, Modpack modpack, String name) {
+    public HMCLModpackInstallTask(Profile profile, Path zipFile, Modpack modpack, String name) {
        dependency = profile.getDependency();
        repository = profile.getRepository();
        this.zipFile = zipFile;
        this.name = name;
        this.modpack = modpack;

-        File run = repository.getRunDirectory(name);
-        File json = repository.getModpackConfiguration(name);
-        if (repository.hasVersion(name) && !json.exists())
+        Path run = repository.getRunDirectory(name);
+        Path json = repository.getModpackConfiguration(name);
+        if (repository.hasVersion(name) && Files.notExists(json))
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Version " + name + " already exists");

        dependents.add(dependency.gameBuilder().name(name).gameVersion(modpack.getGameVersion()).buildAsync());
@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ public final class HMCLModpackInstallTask extends Task<Void> {

        ModpackConfiguration<Modpack> config = null;
        try {
-            if (json.exists()) {
-                config = JsonUtils.GSON.fromJson(FileUtils.readText(json), ModpackConfiguration.typeOf(Modpack.class));
+            if (Files.exists(json)) {
+                config = JsonUtils.fromJsonFile(json, ModpackConfiguration.typeOf(Modpack.class));

                if (!HMCLModpackProvider.INSTANCE.getName().equals(config.getType()))
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Version " + name + " is not a HMCL modpack. Cannot update this version.");
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.CompressingUtils;

-import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.charset.Charset;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
@@ -49,15 +48,14 @@ public final class HMCLModpackProvider implements ModpackProvider {
    }

    @Override
-    public Task<?> createUpdateTask(DefaultDependencyManager dependencyManager, String name, File zipFile, Modpack modpack) throws MismatchedModpackTypeException {
+    public Task<?> createUpdateTask(DefaultDependencyManager dependencyManager, String name, Path zipFile, Modpack modpack) throws MismatchedModpackTypeException {
        if (!(modpack.getManifest() instanceof HMCLModpackManifest))
            throw new MismatchedModpackTypeException(getName(), modpack.getManifest().getProvider().getName());

-        if (!(dependencyManager.getGameRepository() instanceof HMCLGameRepository)) {
+        if (!(dependencyManager.getGameRepository() instanceof HMCLGameRepository repository)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("HMCLModpackProvider requires HMCLGameRepository");
        }

-        HMCLGameRepository repository = (HMCLGameRepository) dependencyManager.getGameRepository();
        Profile profile = repository.getProfile();

        return new ModpackUpdateTask(dependencyManager.getGameRepository(), name, new HMCLModpackInstallTask(profile, zipFile, modpack, name));
@@ -79,9 +77,9 @@ public final class HMCLModpackProvider implements ModpackProvider {
        return manifest;
    }

-    private static class HMCLModpack extends Modpack {
+    private final static class HMCLModpack extends Modpack {
        @Override
-        public Task<?> getInstallTask(DefaultDependencyManager dependencyManager, File zipFile, String name) {
+        public Task<?> getInstallTask(DefaultDependencyManager dependencyManager, Path zipFile, String name) {
            return new HMCLModpackInstallTask(((HMCLGameRepository) dependencyManager.getGameRepository()).getProfile(), zipFile, this, name);
        }
    }
@@ -49,20 +49,23 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.*;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.versioning.GameVersionNumber;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.versioning.VersionNumber;

-import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
-import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.URI;
 import java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.*;
 import java.util.concurrent.*;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;

 import static javafx.application.Platform.runLater;
 import static javafx.application.Platform.setImplicitExit;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils.runInFX;
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.DataSizeUnit.MEGABYTES;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang.resolveException;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
@@ -74,7 +77,7 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {
    private final Profile profile;
    private Account account;
    private final String selectedVersion;
-    private File scriptFile;
+    private Path scriptFile;
    private final VersionSetting setting;
    private LauncherVisibility launcherVisibility;
    private boolean showLogs;
@@ -117,13 +120,15 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {
        launch0();
    }

-    public void makeLaunchScript(File scriptFile) {
+    public void makeLaunchScript(Path scriptFile) {
        this.scriptFile = Objects.requireNonNull(scriptFile);
-
        launch();
    }

    private void launch0() {
+        // https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/pull/4121
+        PROCESSES.removeIf(it -> it.get() == null);
+
        HMCLGameRepository repository = profile.getRepository();
        DefaultDependencyManager dependencyManager = profile.getDependency();
        AtomicReference<Version> version = new AtomicReference<>(MaintainTask.maintain(repository, repository.getResolvedVersion(selectedVersion)));
@@ -156,16 +161,16 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {
                            Task.composeAsync(() -> {
                                Renderer renderer = setting.getRenderer();
                                if (renderer != Renderer.DEFAULT && OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS) {
-                                    Library lib = NativePatcher.getMesaLoader(java);
+                                    Library lib = NativePatcher.getWindowsMesaLoader(java, renderer, OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_VERSION);
                                    if (lib == null)
                                        return null;
-                                    File file = dependencyManager.getGameRepository().getLibraryFile(version.get(), lib);
-                                    if (file.getAbsolutePath().indexOf('=') >= 0) {
+                                    Path file = dependencyManager.getGameRepository().getLibraryFile(version.get(), lib);
+                                    if (file.toAbsolutePath().toString().indexOf('=') >= 0) {
                                        LOG.warning("Invalid character '=' in the libraries directory path, unable to attach software renderer loader");
                                        return null;
                                    }

-                                    String agent = file.getAbsolutePath() + "=" + renderer.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+                                    String agent = FileUtils.getAbsolutePath(file) + "=" + renderer.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);

                                    if (GameLibrariesTask.shouldDownloadLibrary(repository, version.get(), lib, integrityCheck)) {
                                        return new LibraryDownloadTask(dependencyManager, file, lib)
@@ -186,7 +191,7 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {
                    LaunchOptions launchOptions = repository.getLaunchOptions(
                            selectedVersion, javaVersionRef.get(), profile.getGameDir(), javaAgents, javaArguments, scriptFile != null);

-                    LOG.info("Here's the structure of game mod directory:\n" + FileUtils.printFileStructure(repository.getModManager(selectedVersion).getModsDirectory(), 10));
+                    LOG.info("Here's the structure of game mod directory:\n" + FileUtils.printFileStructure(repository.getModsDirectory(selectedVersion), 10));

                    return new HMCLGameLauncher(
                            repository,
@@ -208,7 +213,7 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {
                    }
                }).thenAcceptAsync(process -> { // process is LaunchTask's result
                    if (scriptFile == null) {
-                        PROCESSES.add(process);
+                        PROCESSES.add(new WeakReference<>(process));
                        if (launcherVisibility == LauncherVisibility.CLOSE)
                            Launcher.stopApplication();
                        else
@@ -219,7 +224,7 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {
                    } else {
                        runLater(() -> {
                            launchingStepsPane.fireEvent(new DialogCloseEvent());
-                            Controllers.dialog(i18n("version.launch_script.success", scriptFile.getAbsolutePath()));
+                            Controllers.dialog(i18n("version.launch_script.success", FileUtils.getAbsolutePath(scriptFile)));
                        });
                    }
                }).withFakeProgress(
@@ -262,27 +267,27 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {
                                    if (ex.getCause() instanceof ResponseCodeException) {
                                        ResponseCodeException rce = (ResponseCodeException) ex.getCause();
                                        int responseCode = rce.getResponseCode();
-                                        URL url = rce.getUrl();
+                                        String uri = rce.getUri();
                                        if (responseCode == 404)
-                                            message += i18n("download.code.404", url);
+                                            message += i18n("download.code.404", uri);
                                        else
-                                            message += i18n("download.failed", url, responseCode);
+                                            message += i18n("download.failed", uri, responseCode);
                                    } else {
                                        message += StringUtils.getStackTrace(ex.getCause());
                                    }
                                } else if (ex instanceof DownloadException) {
-                                    URL url = ((DownloadException) ex).getUrl();
+                                    URI uri = ((DownloadException) ex).getUri();
                                    if (ex.getCause() instanceof SocketTimeoutException) {
-                                        message = i18n("install.failed.downloading.timeout", url);
+                                        message = i18n("install.failed.downloading.timeout", uri);
                                    } else if (ex.getCause() instanceof ResponseCodeException) {
                                        ResponseCodeException responseCodeException = (ResponseCodeException) ex.getCause();
                                        if (I18n.hasKey("download.code." + responseCodeException.getResponseCode())) {
-                                            message = i18n("download.code." + responseCodeException.getResponseCode(), url);
+                                            message = i18n("download.code." + responseCodeException.getResponseCode(), uri);
                                        } else {
-                                            message = i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", url) + "\n" + StringUtils.getStackTrace(ex.getCause());
+                                            message = i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", uri) + "\n" + StringUtils.getStackTrace(ex.getCause());
                                        }
                                    } else {
-                                        message = i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", url) + "\n" + StringUtils.getStackTrace(ex.getCause());
+                                        message = i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", uri) + "\n" + StringUtils.getStackTrace(ex.getCause());
                                    }
                                } else if (ex instanceof GameAssetIndexDownloadTask.GameAssetIndexMalformedException) {
                                    message = i18n("assets.index.malformed");
@@ -293,11 +298,11 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {
                                } else if (ex instanceof ResponseCodeException) {
                                    ResponseCodeException rce = (ResponseCodeException) ex;
                                    int responseCode = rce.getResponseCode();
-                                    URL url = rce.getUrl();
+                                    String uri = rce.getUri();
                                    if (responseCode == 404)
-                                        message = i18n("download.code.404", url);
+                                        message = i18n("download.code.404", uri);
                                    else
-                                        message = i18n("download.failed", url, responseCode);
+                                        message = i18n("download.failed", uri, responseCode);
                                } else if (ex instanceof CommandTooLongException) {
                                    message = i18n("launch.failed.command_too_long");
                                } else if (ex instanceof ExecutionPolicyLimitException) {
@@ -445,7 +450,9 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {
                        return result;
                    } else {
                        GameJavaVersion gameJavaVersion;
-                        if (violatedMandatoryConstraints.contains(JavaVersionConstraint.GAME_JSON))
+                        if (violatedMandatoryConstraints.contains(JavaVersionConstraint.CLEANROOM_JAVA_21))
+                            gameJavaVersion = GameJavaVersion.JAVA_21;
+                        else if (violatedMandatoryConstraints.contains(JavaVersionConstraint.GAME_JSON))
                            gameJavaVersion = version.getJavaVersion();
                        else if (violatedMandatoryConstraints.contains(JavaVersionConstraint.VANILLA))
                            gameJavaVersion = GameJavaVersion.getMinimumJavaVersion(gameVersion);
@@ -535,6 +542,9 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {
                        case MODDED_JAVA_21:
                            suggestions.add(i18n("launch.advice.modded_java", 21, gameVersion));
                            break;
+                        case CLEANROOM_JAVA_21:
+                            suggestions.add(i18n("launch.advice.cleanroom"));
+                            break;
                        case VANILLA_JAVA_8_51:
                            suggestions.add(i18n("launch.advice.java8_51_1_13"));
                            break;
@@ -553,8 +563,9 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {
                }

                // Cannot allocate too much memory exceeding free space.
-                if (OperatingSystem.TOTAL_MEMORY > 0 && OperatingSystem.TOTAL_MEMORY < setting.getMaxMemory()) {
-                    suggestions.add(i18n("launch.advice.not_enough_space", OperatingSystem.TOTAL_MEMORY));
+                long totalMemorySizeMB = (long) MEGABYTES.convertFromBytes(SystemInfo.getTotalMemorySize());
+                if (totalMemorySizeMB > 0 && totalMemorySizeMB < setting.getMaxMemory()) {
+                    suggestions.add(i18n("launch.advice.not_enough_space", totalMemorySizeMB));
                }

                VersionNumber forgeVersion = analyzer.getVersion(LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryType.FORGE)
@@ -696,6 +707,7 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {
     */
    private final class HMCLProcessListener implements ProcessListener {

+        private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
        private final HMCLGameRepository repository;
        private final Version version;
        private final LaunchOptions launchOptions;
@@ -839,21 +851,27 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {
                    level = Lang.requireNonNullElse(Log4jLevel.guessLevel(log), Log4jLevel.INFO);
                logBuffer.add(new Log(log, level));
            } else {
-                synchronized (this) {
+                lock.lock();
+                try {
                    logs.addLast(new Log(log, level));
                    if (logs.size() > Log.getLogLines())
                        logs.removeFirst();
+                } finally {
+                    lock.unlock();
                }
            }

            if (!lwjgl) {
                String lowerCaseLog = log.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
                if (!detectWindow || lowerCaseLog.contains("lwjgl version") || lowerCaseLog.contains("lwjgl openal")) {
-                    synchronized (this) {
+                    lock.lock();
+                    try {
                        if (!lwjgl) {
                            lwjgl = true;
                            finishLaunch();
                        }
+                    } finally {
+                        lock.unlock();
                    }
                }
            }
@@ -878,9 +896,12 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {

            // Game crashed before opening the game window.
            if (!lwjgl) {
-                synchronized (this) {
+                lock.lock();
+                try {
                    if (!lwjgl)
                        finishLaunch();
+                } finally {
+                    lock.unlock();
                }
            }

@@ -894,10 +915,18 @@ public final class LauncherHelper {

    }

-    public static final Queue<ManagedProcess> PROCESSES = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
+    private static final Queue<WeakReference<ManagedProcess>> PROCESSES = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
+
+    public static int countMangedProcesses() {
+        PROCESSES.removeIf(it -> {
+            ManagedProcess process = it.get();
+            return process == null || !process.isRunning();
+        });
+        return PROCESSES.size();
+    }

    public static void stopManagedProcesses() {
        while (!PROCESSES.isEmpty())
-            Optional.ofNullable(PROCESSES.poll()).ifPresent(ManagedProcess::stop);
+            Optional.ofNullable(PROCESSES.poll()).map(WeakReference::get).ifPresent(ManagedProcess::stop);
    }
 }
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 */
 package org.jackhuang.hmcl.game;

+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.download.DownloadProvider;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.LocalModFile;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.RemoteMod;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.RemoteModRepository;
@@ -41,9 +42,9 @@ public abstract class LocalizedRemoteModRepository implements RemoteModRepositor
    protected abstract SortType getBackedRemoteModRepositorySortOrder();

    @Override
-    public SearchResult search(String gameVersion, Category category, int pageOffset, int pageSize, String searchFilter, SortType sort, SortOrder sortOrder) throws IOException {
+    public SearchResult search(DownloadProvider downloadProvider, String gameVersion, Category category, int pageOffset, int pageSize, String searchFilter, SortType sort, SortOrder sortOrder) throws IOException {
        if (!StringUtils.containsChinese(searchFilter)) {
-            return getBackedRemoteModRepository().search(gameVersion, category, pageOffset, pageSize, searchFilter, sort, sortOrder);
+            return getBackedRemoteModRepository().search(downloadProvider, gameVersion, category, pageOffset, pageSize, searchFilter, sort, sortOrder);
        }

        Set<String> englishSearchFiltersSet = new HashSet<>(INITIAL_CAPACITY);
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ public abstract class LocalizedRemoteModRepository implements RemoteModRepositor
        RemoteMod[] searchResultArray = new RemoteMod[pageSize];
        int totalPages, chineseIndex = 0, englishIndex = pageSize - 1;
        {
-            SearchResult searchResult = getBackedRemoteModRepository().search(gameVersion, category, pageOffset, pageSize, String.join(" ", englishSearchFiltersSet), getBackedRemoteModRepositorySortOrder(), sortOrder);
+            SearchResult searchResult = getBackedRemoteModRepository().search(downloadProvider, gameVersion, category, pageOffset, pageSize, String.join(" ", englishSearchFiltersSet), getBackedRemoteModRepositorySortOrder(), sortOrder);
            for (Iterator<RemoteMod> iterator = searchResult.getUnsortedResults().iterator(); iterator.hasNext(); ) {
                if (chineseIndex > englishIndex) {
                    LOG.warning("Too many search results! Are the backed remote mod repository broken? Or are the API broken?");
@@ -17,12 +17,13 @@
 */
 package org.jackhuang.hmcl.game;

+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.IOUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.Zipper;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;

+import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
 import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
@@ -43,8 +44,8 @@ public final class LogExporter {
    }

    public static CompletableFuture<Void> exportLogs(Path zipFile, DefaultGameRepository gameRepository, String versionId, String logs, String launchScript) {
-        Path runDirectory = gameRepository.getRunDirectory(versionId).toPath();
-        Path baseDirectory = gameRepository.getBaseDirectory().toPath();
+        Path runDirectory = gameRepository.getRunDirectory(versionId);
+        Path baseDirectory = gameRepository.getBaseDirectory();
        List<String> versions = new ArrayList<>();

        String currentVersionId = versionId;
@@ -93,9 +94,8 @@ public final class LogExporter {
                if (Files.isRegularFile(file)) {
                    FileTime time = Files.readAttributes(file, BasicFileAttributes.class).lastModifiedTime();
                    if (time.toMillis() >= processStartTime) {
-                        try {
-                            String crashLog = Logger.filterForbiddenToken(FileUtils.readText(file, OperatingSystem.NATIVE_CHARSET));
-                            zipper.putTextFile(crashLog, file.getFileName().toString());
+                        try (BufferedReader reader = IOUtils.newBufferedReaderMaybeNativeEncoding(file)) {
+                            zipper.putLines(reader.lines().map(Logger::filterForbiddenToken), file.getFileName().toString());
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            LOG.warning("Failed to read log file: " + file, e);
                        }
@@ -19,11 +19,13 @@ package org.jackhuang.hmcl.game;

 import com.google.gson.JsonParseException;
 import kala.compress.archivers.zip.ZipArchiveReader;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.*;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.curse.CurseModpackProvider;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.mcbbs.McbbsModpackManifest;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.mcbbs.McbbsModpackProvider;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.modrinth.ModrinthModpackProvider;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.multimc.MultiMCComponents;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.multimc.MultiMCInstanceConfiguration;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.multimc.MultiMCModpackProvider;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.server.ServerModpackManifest;
@@ -42,7 +44,6 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.CompressingUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;

-import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.charset.Charset;
@@ -50,10 +51,7 @@ import java.nio.file.FileSystem;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.Objects;
-import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.*;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;

 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang.mapOf;
@@ -61,7 +59,8 @@ import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang.toIterable;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Pair.pair;

 public final class ModpackHelper {
-    private ModpackHelper() {}
+    private ModpackHelper() {
+    }

    private static final Map<String, ModpackProvider> providers = mapOf(
            pair(CurseModpackProvider.INSTANCE.getName(), CurseModpackProvider.INSTANCE),
@@ -72,12 +71,16 @@ public final class ModpackHelper {
            pair(HMCLModpackProvider.INSTANCE.getName(), HMCLModpackProvider.INSTANCE)
    );

+    static {
+        MultiMCComponents.setImplementation(Metadata.FULL_TITLE);
+    }
+
    @Nullable
    public static ModpackProvider getProviderByType(String type) {
        return providers.get(type);
    }

-    public static boolean isFileModpackByExtension(File file) {
+    public static boolean isFileModpackByExtension(Path file) {
        String ext = FileUtils.getExtension(file);
        return "zip".equals(ext) || "mrpack".equals(ext);
    }
@@ -135,15 +138,12 @@ public final class ModpackHelper {
                (path.getFileName() == null || ".minecraft".equals(FileUtils.getName(path)));
    }

-    public static ModpackConfiguration<?> readModpackConfiguration(File file) throws IOException {
-        if (!file.exists())
-            throw new FileNotFoundException(file.getPath());
-        else
-            try {
-                return JsonUtils.GSON.fromJson(FileUtils.readText(file), ModpackConfiguration.class);
-            } catch (JsonParseException e) {
-                throw new IOException("Malformed modpack configuration");
-            }
+    public static ModpackConfiguration<?> readModpackConfiguration(Path file) throws IOException {
+        try {
+            return JsonUtils.fromJsonFile(file, ModpackConfiguration.class);
+        } catch (JsonParseException e) {
+            throw new IOException("Malformed modpack configuration");
+        }
    }

    public static Task<?> getInstallTask(Profile profile, ServerModpackManifest manifest, String name, Modpack modpack) {
@@ -174,21 +174,21 @@ public final class ModpackHelper {
        return Files.exists(Paths.get("externalgames").resolve(name));
    }

-    public static Task<?> getInstallManuallyCreatedModpackTask(Profile profile, File zipFile, String name, Charset charset) {
+    public static Task<?> getInstallManuallyCreatedModpackTask(Profile profile, Path zipFile, String name, Charset charset) {
        if (isExternalGameNameConflicts(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("name existing");
        }

-        return new ManuallyCreatedModpackInstallTask(profile, zipFile.toPath(), charset, name)
+        return new ManuallyCreatedModpackInstallTask(profile, zipFile, charset, name)
                .thenAcceptAsync(Schedulers.javafx(), location -> {
-                    Profile newProfile = new Profile(name, location.toFile());
+                    Profile newProfile = new Profile(name, location);
                    newProfile.setUseRelativePath(true);
                    Profiles.getProfiles().add(newProfile);
                    Profiles.setSelectedProfile(newProfile);
                });
    }

-    public static Task<?> getInstallTask(Profile profile, File zipFile, String name, Modpack modpack) {
+    public static Task<?> getInstallTask(Profile profile, Path zipFile, String name, Modpack modpack) {
        profile.getRepository().markVersionAsModpack(name);

        ExceptionalRunnable<?> success = () -> {
@@ -210,14 +210,17 @@ public final class ModpackHelper {
        if (modpack.getManifest() instanceof MultiMCInstanceConfiguration)
            return modpack.getInstallTask(profile.getDependency(), zipFile, name)
                    .whenComplete(Schedulers.defaultScheduler(), success, failure)
-                    .thenComposeAsync(createMultiMCPostInstallTask(profile, (MultiMCInstanceConfiguration) modpack.getManifest(), name));
+                    .thenComposeAsync(createMultiMCPostInstallTask(profile, (MultiMCInstanceConfiguration) modpack.getManifest(), name))
+                    .withStagesHint(List.of("hmcl.modpack", "hmcl.modpack.download"));
        else if (modpack.getManifest() instanceof McbbsModpackManifest)
            return modpack.getInstallTask(profile.getDependency(), zipFile, name)
                    .whenComplete(Schedulers.defaultScheduler(), success, failure)
-                    .thenComposeAsync(createMcbbsPostInstallTask(profile, (McbbsModpackManifest) modpack.getManifest(), name));
+                    .thenComposeAsync(createMcbbsPostInstallTask(profile, (McbbsModpackManifest) modpack.getManifest(), name))
+                    .withStagesHint(List.of("hmcl.modpack", "hmcl.modpack.download"));
        else
            return modpack.getInstallTask(profile.getDependency(), zipFile, name)
-                    .whenComplete(Schedulers.javafx(), success, failure);
+                    .whenComplete(Schedulers.javafx(), success, failure)
+                    .withStagesHint(List.of("hmcl.modpack", "hmcl.modpack.download"));
    }

    public static Task<Void> getUpdateTask(Profile profile, ServerModpackManifest manifest, Charset charset, String name, ModpackConfiguration<?> configuration) throws UnsupportedModpackException {
@@ -230,13 +233,17 @@ public final class ModpackHelper {
        }
    }

-    public static Task<?> getUpdateTask(Profile profile, File zipFile, Charset charset, String name, ModpackConfiguration<?> configuration) throws UnsupportedModpackException, ManuallyCreatedModpackException, MismatchedModpackTypeException {
-        Modpack modpack = ModpackHelper.readModpackManifest(zipFile.toPath(), charset);
+    public static Task<?> getUpdateTask(Profile profile, Path zipFile, Charset charset, String name, ModpackConfiguration<?> configuration) throws UnsupportedModpackException, ManuallyCreatedModpackException, MismatchedModpackTypeException {
+        Modpack modpack = ModpackHelper.readModpackManifest(zipFile, charset);
        ModpackProvider provider = getProviderByType(configuration.getType());
        if (provider == null) {
            throw new UnsupportedModpackException();
        }
-        return provider.createUpdateTask(profile.getDependency(), name, zipFile, modpack);
+        if (modpack.getManifest() instanceof MultiMCInstanceConfiguration)
+            return provider.createUpdateTask(profile.getDependency(), name, zipFile, modpack)
+                    .thenComposeAsync(() -> createMultiMCPostUpdateTask(profile, (MultiMCInstanceConfiguration) modpack.getManifest(), name));
+        else
+            return provider.createUpdateTask(profile.getDependency(), name, zipFile, modpack);
    }

    public static void toVersionSetting(MultiMCInstanceConfiguration c, VersionSetting vs) {
@@ -276,6 +283,24 @@ public final class ModpackHelper {
        }
    }

+    private static void applyCommandAndJvmSettings(MultiMCInstanceConfiguration c, VersionSetting vs) {
+        if (c.isOverrideCommands()) {
+            vs.setWrapper(Lang.nonNull(c.getWrapperCommand(), ""));
+            vs.setPreLaunchCommand(Lang.nonNull(c.getPreLaunchCommand(), ""));
+        }
+
+        if (c.isOverrideJavaArgs()) {
+            vs.setJavaArgs(Lang.nonNull(c.getJvmArgs(), ""));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Task<Void> createMultiMCPostUpdateTask(Profile profile, MultiMCInstanceConfiguration manifest, String version) {
+        return Task.runAsync(Schedulers.javafx(), () -> {
+            VersionSetting vs = Objects.requireNonNull(profile.getRepository().specializeVersionSetting(version));
+            ModpackHelper.applyCommandAndJvmSettings(manifest, vs);
+        });
+    }
+
    private static Task<Void> createMultiMCPostInstallTask(Profile profile, MultiMCInstanceConfiguration manifest, String version) {
        return Task.runAsync(Schedulers.javafx(), () -> {
            VersionSetting vs = Objects.requireNonNull(profile.getRepository().specializeVersionSetting(version));
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;

 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ public final class OAuthServer extends NanoHTTPD implements OAuth.Session {
        String html;
        try {
            html = IOUtils.readFullyAsString(OAuthServer.class.getResourceAsStream("/assets/microsoft_auth.html"))
+                    .replace("%lang%", Locale.getDefault().toLanguageTag())
                    .replace("%close-page%", i18n("account.methods.microsoft.close_page"));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            LOG.error("Failed to load html", e);
@@ -158,13 +160,13 @@ public final class OAuthServer extends NanoHTTPD implements OAuth.Session {
        @Override
        public String getClientId() {
            return System.getProperty("hmcl.microsoft.auth.id",
-                    JarUtils.getManifestAttribute("Microsoft-Auth-Id", ""));
+                    JarUtils.getAttribute("hmcl.microsoft.auth.id", ""));
        }

        @Override
        public String getClientSecret() {
            return System.getProperty("hmcl.microsoft.auth.secret",
-                    JarUtils.getManifestAttribute("Microsoft-Auth-Secret", ""));
+                    JarUtils.getAttribute("hmcl.microsoft.auth.secret", ""));
        }

        @Override
@@ -26,8 +26,6 @@ import javafx.beans.value.ObservableValue;
 import javafx.scene.canvas.Canvas;
 import javafx.scene.canvas.GraphicsContext;
 import javafx.scene.image.Image;
-import javafx.scene.image.PixelReader;
-import javafx.scene.image.PixelWriter;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.Account;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.ServerResponseMalformedException;
@@ -45,7 +43,6 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.javafx.BindingMapping;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
-import java.net.URL;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.*;
@@ -87,7 +84,7 @@ public final class TexturesLoader {
    }

    private static final ThreadPoolExecutor POOL = threadPool("TexturesDownload", true, 2, 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
-    private static final Path TEXTURES_DIR = Metadata.HMCL_DIRECTORY.resolve("skins");
+    private static final Path TEXTURES_DIR = Metadata.HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY.resolve("skins");

    private static Path getTexturePath(Texture texture) {
        String url = texture.getUrl();
@@ -110,7 +107,7 @@ public final class TexturesLoader {
        if (!Files.isRegularFile(file)) {
            // download it
            try {
-                new FileDownloadTask(new URL(texture.getUrl()), file.toFile()).run();
+                new FileDownloadTask(texture.getUrl(), file).run();
                LOG.info("Texture downloaded: " + texture.getUrl());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (Files.isRegularFile(file)) {
@@ -265,15 +262,8 @@ public final class TexturesLoader {
        int scale = (int) skin.getWidth() / 64;
        int faceOffset = (int) Math.round(size / 18.0);

-        try {
-            g.setImageSmoothing(false);
-            drawAvatar(g, skin, size, scale, faceOffset);
-        } catch (NoSuchMethodError ignored) {
-            // Earlier JavaFX did not support GraphicsContext::setImageSmoothing
-            // In order to prevent the blurring caused by bilinear interpolation,
-            // we use the self-implemented nearest neighbor interpolation to scale
-            drawAvatarSlow(g, skin, size, scale, faceOffset);
-        }
+        g.setImageSmoothing(false);
+        drawAvatar(g, skin, size, scale, faceOffset);
    }

    private static void drawAvatar(GraphicsContext g, Image skin, int size, int scale, int faceOffset) {
@@ -285,37 +275,6 @@ public final class TexturesLoader {
                0, 0, size, size);
    }

-    private static void drawAvatarSlow(GraphicsContext g, Image skin, int size, int scale, int faceOffset) {
-        PixelReader reader = skin.getPixelReader();
-        PixelWriter writer = g.getPixelWriter();
-        drawImage(writer, reader,
-                8 * scale, 8 * scale, 8 * scale, 8 * scale,
-                faceOffset, faceOffset, size - 2 * faceOffset, size - 2 * faceOffset);
-        drawImage(writer, reader,
-                40 * scale, 8 * scale, 8 * scale, 8 * scale,
-                0, 0, size, size);
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * Scale and draw image using nearest-neighbor interpolation
-     */
-    private static void drawImage(PixelWriter writer, PixelReader reader,
-                                  int sx, int sy, int sw, int sh,
-                                  int dx, int dy, int dw, int dh) {
-        double xScale = ((double) sw) / dw;
-        double yScale = ((double) sh) / dh;
-
-        for (int xOffset = 0; xOffset < dw; xOffset++) {
-            for (int yOffset = 0; yOffset < dh; yOffset++) {
-                int color = reader.getArgb(sx + (int) (xOffset * xScale), sy + (int) (yOffset * yScale));
-
-                // Draw only non-transparent pixels
-                if ((color >>> 24) != 0)
-                    writer.setArgb(dx + xOffset, dy + yOffset, color);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
    private static final class SkinBindingChangeListener implements ChangeListener<LoadedTexture> {
        static final WeakHashMap<Canvas, SkinBindingChangeListener> hole = new WeakHashMap<>();

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.Platform;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;

 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.nio.file.*;
 import java.util.*;

@@ -83,7 +82,7 @@ public final class HMCLJavaRepository implements JavaRepository {
        try {
            return JavaManager.getExecutable(javaDir).toRealPath();
        } catch (IOException ignored) {
-            if (platform.getOperatingSystem() == OperatingSystem.OSX) {
+            if (platform.getOperatingSystem() == OperatingSystem.MACOS) {
                try {
                    return JavaManager.getMacExecutable(javaDir).toRealPath();
                } catch (IOException ignored1) {
@@ -98,14 +97,8 @@ public final class HMCLJavaRepository implements JavaRepository {
        return getJavaExecutable(platform, MOJANG_JAVA_PREFIX + gameJavaVersion.getComponent());
    }

-    @Override
-    public Collection<JavaRuntime> getAllJava(Platform platform) {
-        Path root = getPlatformRoot(platform);
-        if (!Files.isDirectory(root))
-            return Collections.emptyList();
-
-        ArrayList<JavaRuntime> list = new ArrayList<>();
-        try (DirectoryStream<Path> stream = Files.newDirectoryStream(root)) {
+    private static void getAllJava(List<JavaRuntime> list, Platform platform, Path platformRoot, boolean isManaged) {
+        try (DirectoryStream<Path> stream = Files.newDirectoryStream(platformRoot)) {
            for (Path file : stream) {
                try {
                    String name = file.getFileName().toString();
@@ -115,19 +108,15 @@ public final class HMCLJavaRepository implements JavaRepository {
                        try {
                            executable = JavaManager.getExecutable(javaDir).toRealPath();
                        } catch (IOException e) {
-                            if (platform.getOperatingSystem() == OperatingSystem.OSX)
+                            if (platform.getOperatingSystem() == OperatingSystem.MACOS)
                                executable = JavaManager.getMacExecutable(javaDir).toRealPath();
                            else
                                throw e;
                        }

                        if (Files.isDirectory(javaDir)) {
-                            JavaManifest manifest;
-                            try (InputStream input = Files.newInputStream(file)) {
-                                manifest = JsonUtils.fromJsonFully(input, JavaManifest.class);
-                            }
-
-                            list.add(JavaRuntime.of(executable, manifest.getInfo(), true));
+                            JavaManifest manifest = JsonUtils.fromJsonFile(file, JavaManifest.class);
+                            list.add(JavaRuntime.of(executable, manifest.getInfo(), isManaged));
                        }
                    }
                } catch (Throwable e) {
@@ -137,6 +126,23 @@ public final class HMCLJavaRepository implements JavaRepository {

        } catch (IOException ignored) {
        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Collection<JavaRuntime> getAllJava(Platform platform) {
+        Path platformRoot = getPlatformRoot(platform);
+        if (!Files.isDirectory(platformRoot))
+            return Collections.emptyList();
+
+        ArrayList<JavaRuntime> list = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        getAllJava(list, platform, platformRoot, true);
+        if (platform.getOperatingSystem() == OperatingSystem.MACOS) {
+            platformRoot = root.resolve(platform.getOperatingSystem().getMojangName() + "-" + platform.getArchitecture().getCheckedName());
+            if (Files.isDirectory(platformRoot))
+                getAllJava(list, platform, platformRoot, false);
+        }
+
        return list;
    }

@@ -149,7 +155,7 @@ public final class HMCLJavaRepository implements JavaRepository {
            try {
                executable = JavaManager.getExecutable(javaDir).toRealPath();
            } catch (IOException e) {
-                if (platform.getOperatingSystem() == OperatingSystem.OSX)
+                if (platform.getOperatingSystem() == OperatingSystem.MACOS)
                    executable = JavaManager.getMacExecutable(javaDir).toRealPath();
                else
                    throw e;
@@ -157,7 +163,7 @@ public final class HMCLJavaRepository implements JavaRepository {

            JavaInfo info;
            if (JavaManager.isCompatible(platform))
-                info = JavaInfo.fromExecutable(executable, false);
+                info = JavaInfoUtils.fromExecutable(executable, false);
            else
                info = new JavaInfo(platform, result.download.getVersion().getName(), null);

@@ -180,7 +186,7 @@ public final class HMCLJavaRepository implements JavaRepository {
            });

            JavaManifest manifest = new JavaManifest(info, update, files);
-            FileUtils.writeText(getManifestFile(platform, gameJavaVersion), JsonUtils.GSON.toJson(manifest));
+            JsonUtils.writeToJsonFile(getManifestFile(platform, gameJavaVersion), manifest);
            return JavaRuntime.of(executable, info, true);
        });
    }
@@ -192,7 +198,7 @@ public final class HMCLJavaRepository implements JavaRepository {
                throw new IOException("Platform is mismatch: expected " + platform + " but got " + result.getInfo().getPlatform());

            Path executable = javaDir.resolve("bin").resolve(platform.getOperatingSystem().getJavaExecutable()).toRealPath();
-            FileUtils.writeText(getManifestFile(platform, name), JsonUtils.GSON.toJson(result));
+            JsonUtils.writeToJsonFile(getManifestFile(platform, name), result);
            return JavaRuntime.of(executable, result.getInfo(), true);
        });
    }
@@ -201,7 +207,7 @@ public final class HMCLJavaRepository implements JavaRepository {
    public Task<Void> getUninstallJavaTask(Platform platform, String name) {
        return Task.runAsync(() -> {
            Files.deleteIfExists(getManifestFile(platform, name));
-            FileUtils.deleteDirectory(getJavaDir(platform, name).toFile());
+            FileUtils.deleteDirectory(getJavaDir(platform, name));
        });
    }

@@ -214,7 +220,7 @@ public final class HMCLJavaRepository implements JavaRepository {
            if (relativized.getNameCount() > 1) {
                String name = relativized.getName(0).toString();
                Files.deleteIfExists(getManifestFile(java.getPlatform(), name));
-                FileUtils.deleteDirectory(getJavaDir(java.getPlatform(), name).toFile());
+                FileUtils.deleteDirectory(getJavaDir(java.getPlatform(), name));
            }
        });
    }
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.java;
+
+import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.JarUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.Architecture;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.Platform;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.SystemUtils;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+
+/**
+ * @author Glavo
+ * @see <a href="https://github.com/Glavo/java-info">Glavo/java-info</a>
+ */
+public final class JavaInfoUtils {
+
+    private JavaInfoUtils() {
+    }
+
+    private static Path tryFindReleaseFile(Path executable) {
+        Path parent = executable.getParent();
+        if (parent != null && parent.getFileName() != null && parent.getFileName().toString().equals("bin")) {
+            Path javaHome = parent.getParent();
+            if (javaHome != null && javaHome.getFileName() != null) {
+                Path releaseFile = javaHome.resolve("release");
+                String javaHomeName = javaHome.getFileName().toString();
+                if ((javaHomeName.contains("jre") || javaHomeName.contains("jdk") || javaHomeName.contains("openj9"))
+                        && Files.isRegularFile(releaseFile)) {
+                    return releaseFile;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public static @NotNull JavaInfo fromExecutable(Path executable, boolean tryFindReleaseFile) throws IOException {
+        assert executable.isAbsolute();
+
+        Path releaseFile;
+        if (tryFindReleaseFile && (releaseFile = tryFindReleaseFile(executable)) != null) {
+            try {
+                return JavaInfo.fromReleaseFile(releaseFile);
+            } catch (IOException ignored) {
+            }
+        }
+
+        Path thisPath = JarUtils.thisJarPath();
+
+        if (thisPath == null) {
+            throw new IOException("Failed to find current HMCL location");
+        }
+
+        try {
+            Result result = JsonUtils.GSON.fromJson(SystemUtils.run(
+                    executable.toString(),
+                    "-classpath",
+                    thisPath.toString(),
+                    org.glavo.info.Main.class.getName()
+            ), Result.class);
+
+            if (result == null) {
+                throw new IOException("Failed to get Java info from " + executable);
+            }
+
+            if (result.javaVersion == null) {
+                throw new IOException("Failed to get Java version from " + executable);
+            }
+
+            Architecture architecture = Architecture.parseArchName(result.osArch);
+            Platform platform = Platform.getPlatform(OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS,
+                    architecture != Architecture.UNKNOWN
+                            ? architecture
+                            : Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH);
+
+
+            return new JavaInfo(platform, result.javaVersion, result.javaVendor);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw e;
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            throw new IOException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class Result {
+        @SerializedName("os.name")
+        public String osName;
+        @SerializedName("os.arch")
+        public String osArch;
+        @SerializedName("java.version")
+        public String javaVersion;
+        @SerializedName("java.vendor")
+        public String javaVendor;
+    }
+}
@@ -20,17 +20,20 @@ package org.jackhuang.hmcl.java;
 import kala.compress.archivers.ArchiveEntry;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.DigestUtils;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Hex;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.IOUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.tree.ArchiveFileTree;

-import java.io.*;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
 import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
 import java.security.MessageDigest;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HexFormat;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.Map;

@@ -98,10 +101,9 @@ public final class JavaInstallTask extends Task<JavaManifest> {
                }

                if (tree.isExecutable(entry))
-                    //noinspection ResultOfMethodCallIgnored
-                    path.toFile().setExecutable(true);
+                    FileUtils.setExecutable(path);

-                files.put(String.join("/", nameStack), new JavaLocalFiles.LocalFile(Hex.encodeHex(messageDigest.digest()), size));
+                files.put(String.join("/", nameStack), new JavaLocalFiles.LocalFile(HexFormat.of().formatHex(messageDigest.digest()), size));
            }
            nameStack.remove(nameStack.size() - 1);
        }
@@ -31,18 +31,15 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.CacheRepository;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.Architecture;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.Platform;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.UnsupportedPlatformException;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.*;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.windows.WinReg;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.versioning.GameVersionNumber;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;

 import java.io.BufferedReader;
+import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 import java.nio.file.*;
 import java.util.*;
 import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
@@ -58,7 +55,8 @@ public final class JavaManager {
    private JavaManager() {
    }

-    public static final HMCLJavaRepository REPOSITORY = new HMCLJavaRepository(Metadata.HMCL_DIRECTORY.resolve("java"));
+    public static final HMCLJavaRepository REPOSITORY = new HMCLJavaRepository(Metadata.HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY.resolve("java"));
+    public static final HMCLJavaRepository LOCAL_REPOSITORY = new HMCLJavaRepository(Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY.resolve("java"));

    public static String getMojangJavaPlatform(Platform platform) {
        if (platform.getOperatingSystem() == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS) {
@@ -75,7 +73,7 @@ public final class JavaManager {
            } else if (Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH == Architecture.X86_64) {
                return "linux";
            }
-        } else if (platform.getOperatingSystem() == OperatingSystem.OSX) {
+        } else if (platform.getOperatingSystem() == OperatingSystem.MACOS) {
            if (Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH == Architecture.X86_64) {
                return "mac-os";
            } else if (Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH == Architecture.ARM64) {
@@ -113,7 +111,7 @@ public final class JavaManager {
                if (Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH == Architecture.X86_64)
                    return architecture == Architecture.X86;
                break;
-            case OSX:
+            case MACOS:
                if (Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH == Architecture.ARM64)
                    return architecture == Architecture.X86_64;
                break;
@@ -162,7 +160,7 @@ public final class JavaManager {
            return javaRuntime;
        }

-        JavaInfo info = JavaInfo.fromExecutable(executable);
+        JavaInfo info = JavaInfoUtils.fromExecutable(executable, true);
        return JavaRuntime.of(executable, info, false);
    }

@@ -211,9 +209,18 @@ public final class JavaManager {

    public static Task<Void> getUninstallJavaTask(JavaRuntime java) {
        assert java.isManaged();
-        Path root = REPOSITORY.getPlatformRoot(java.getPlatform());
-        Path relativized = root.relativize(java.getBinary());

+        Path platformRoot;
+        try {
+            platformRoot = REPOSITORY.getPlatformRoot(java.getPlatform()).toRealPath();
+        } catch (Throwable ignored) {
+            return Task.completed(null);
+        }
+
+        if (!java.getBinary().startsWith(platformRoot))
+            return Task.completed(null);
+
+        Path relativized = platformRoot.relativize(java.getBinary());
        if (relativized.getNameCount() > 1) {
            FXUtils.runInFX(() -> {
                try {
@@ -257,16 +264,15 @@ public final class JavaManager {
        }
    }

-    private static int compareJavaVersion(JavaRuntime java1, JavaRuntime java2, GameJavaVersion suggestedJavaVersion) {
-        if (suggestedJavaVersion != null) {
-            boolean b1 = java1.getParsedVersion() == suggestedJavaVersion.getMajorVersion();
-            boolean b2 = java2.getParsedVersion() == suggestedJavaVersion.getMajorVersion();
+    private static JavaRuntime chooseJava(@Nullable JavaRuntime java1, JavaRuntime java2) {
+        if (java1 == null)
+            return java2;

-            if (b1 != b2)
-                return b1 ? 1 : -1;
-        }
-
-        return java1.getVersionNumber().compareTo(java2.getVersionNumber());
+        if (java1.getParsedVersion() != java2.getParsedVersion())
+            // Prefer the Java version that is closer to the game's recommended Java version
+            return java1.getParsedVersion() < java2.getParsedVersion() ? java1 : java2;
+        else
+            return java1.getVersionNumber().compareTo(java2.getVersionNumber()) >= 0 ? java1 : java2;
    }

    @Nullable
@@ -279,12 +285,9 @@ public final class JavaManager {
        LibraryAnalyzer analyzer = version != null ? LibraryAnalyzer.analyze(version, gameVersion != null ? gameVersion.toString() : null) : null;

        boolean forceX86 = Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH == Architecture.ARM64
-                && (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS || OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.OSX)
+                && (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS || OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.MACOS)
                && (gameVersion == null || gameVersion.compareTo("1.6") < 0);

-        GameJavaVersion suggestedJavaVersion =
-                (version != null && gameVersion != null && gameVersion.compareTo("1.7.10") >= 0) ? version.getJavaVersion() : null;
-
        JavaRuntime mandatory = null;
        JavaRuntime suggested = null;
        for (JavaRuntime java : javaRuntimes) {
@@ -312,15 +315,10 @@ public final class JavaManager {
            }

            if (!violationMandatory) {
-                if (mandatory == null) mandatory = java;
-                else if (compareJavaVersion(java, mandatory, suggestedJavaVersion) > 0)
-                    mandatory = java;
+                mandatory = chooseJava(mandatory, java);

-                if (!violationSuggested) {
-                    if (suggested == null) suggested = java;
-                    else if (compareJavaVersion(java, suggested, suggestedJavaVersion) > 0)
-                        suggested = java;
-                }
+                if (!violationSuggested)
+                    suggested = chooseJava(suggested, java);
            }
        }

@@ -349,18 +347,18 @@ public final class JavaManager {
                    searchAllJavaInRepository(javaRuntimes, Platform.WINDOWS_X86);
                }
                break;
-            case OSX:
+            case MACOS:
                if (Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH == Architecture.ARM64)
-                    searchAllJavaInRepository(javaRuntimes, Platform.OSX_X86_64);
+                    searchAllJavaInRepository(javaRuntimes, Platform.MACOS_X86_64);
                break;
        }

        switch (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS) {
            case WINDOWS:
-                queryJavaInRegistryKey(javaRuntimes, "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\JavaSoft\\Java Runtime Environment\\");
-                queryJavaInRegistryKey(javaRuntimes, "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\JavaSoft\\Java Development Kit\\");
-                queryJavaInRegistryKey(javaRuntimes, "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\JavaSoft\\JRE\\");
-                queryJavaInRegistryKey(javaRuntimes, "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\JavaSoft\\JDK\\");
+                queryJavaInRegistryKey(javaRuntimes, WinReg.HKEY.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SOFTWARE\\JavaSoft\\Java Runtime Environment");
+                queryJavaInRegistryKey(javaRuntimes, WinReg.HKEY.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SOFTWARE\\JavaSoft\\Java Development Kit");
+                queryJavaInRegistryKey(javaRuntimes, WinReg.HKEY.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SOFTWARE\\JavaSoft\\JRE");
+                queryJavaInRegistryKey(javaRuntimes, WinReg.HKEY.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SOFTWARE\\JavaSoft\\JDK");

                searchJavaInProgramFiles(javaRuntimes, "ProgramFiles", "C:\\Program Files");
                searchJavaInProgramFiles(javaRuntimes, "ProgramFiles(x86)", "C:\\Program Files (x86)");
@@ -375,7 +373,7 @@ public final class JavaManager {
                searchAllJavaInDirectory(javaRuntimes, Paths.get("/usr/lib64/jvm")); // General locations
                searchAllJavaInDirectory(javaRuntimes, Paths.get(System.getProperty("user.home"), "/.sdkman/candidates/java")); // SDKMAN!
                break;
-            case OSX:
+            case MACOS:
                searchJavaInMacJavaVirtualMachines(javaRuntimes, Paths.get("/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines"));
                searchJavaInMacJavaVirtualMachines(javaRuntimes, Paths.get(System.getProperty("user.home"), "/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines"));
                tryAddJavaExecutable(javaRuntimes, Paths.get("/Library/Internet Plug-Ins/JavaAppletPlugin.plugin/Contents/Home/bin/java"));
@@ -405,24 +403,31 @@ public final class JavaManager {
                    .ifPresent(it -> searchAllOfficialJava(javaRuntimes, it, false));
        } else if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.LINUX && Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH == Architecture.X86_64) {
            searchAllOfficialJava(javaRuntimes, Paths.get(System.getProperty("user.home"), ".minecraft/runtime"), false);
-        } else if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.OSX) {
+        } else if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.MACOS) {
            searchAllOfficialJava(javaRuntimes, Paths.get(System.getProperty("user.home"), "Library/Application Support/minecraft/runtime"), false);
        }
        searchAllOfficialJava(javaRuntimes, CacheRepository.getInstance().getCacheDirectory().resolve("java"), true);

        // Search in PATH.
        if (System.getenv("PATH") != null) {
-            String[] paths = System.getenv("PATH").split(OperatingSystem.PATH_SEPARATOR);
+            String[] paths = System.getenv("PATH").split(File.pathSeparator);
            for (String path : paths) {
+                // https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/issues/4079
+                // https://github.com/Meloong-Git/PCL/issues/4261
+                if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS && path.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)
+                        .contains("\\common files\\oracle\\java\\")) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
                try {
-                    tryAddJavaExecutable(javaRuntimes, Paths.get(path, OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS.getJavaExecutable()));
+                    tryAddJavaExecutable(javaRuntimes, Path.of(path, OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS.getJavaExecutable()));
                } catch (InvalidPathException ignored) {
                }
            }
        }

        if (System.getenv("HMCL_JRES") != null) {
-            String[] paths = System.getenv("HMCL_JRES").split(OperatingSystem.PATH_SEPARATOR);
+            String[] paths = System.getenv("HMCL_JRES").split(File.pathSeparator);
            for (String path : paths) {
                try {
                    tryAddJavaHome(javaRuntimes, Paths.get(path));
@@ -483,12 +488,15 @@ public final class JavaManager {
            try {
                info = JavaInfo.fromReleaseFile(releaseFile);
            } catch (IOException e) {
-                try {
-                    info = JavaInfo.fromExecutable(executable, false);
-                } catch (IOException e2) {
-                    e2.addSuppressed(e);
-                    LOG.warning("Failed to lookup Java executable at " + executable, e2);
-                }
+                LOG.warning("Failed to read release file " + releaseFile, e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (info == null) {
+            try {
+                info = JavaInfoUtils.fromExecutable(executable, false);
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                LOG.warning("Failed to lookup Java executable at " + executable, e);
            }
        }

@@ -509,7 +517,7 @@ public final class JavaManager {

        JavaInfo info = null;
        try {
-            info = JavaInfo.fromExecutable(executable);
+            info = JavaInfoUtils.fromExecutable(executable, true);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            LOG.warning("Failed to lookup Java executable at " + executable, e);
        }
@@ -548,7 +556,7 @@ public final class JavaManager {
            }
        }

-        if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.OSX) {
+        if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.MACOS) {
            Path macPath = dir.resolve("jre.bundle/Contents/Home");
            if (Files.exists(macPath)) {
                tryAddJavaHome(javaRuntimes, macPath);
@@ -564,6 +572,10 @@ public final class JavaManager {
        for (JavaRuntime java : REPOSITORY.getAllJava(platform)) {
            javaRuntimes.put(java.getBinary(), java);
        }
+
+        for (JavaRuntime java : LOCAL_REPOSITORY.getAllJava(platform)) {
+            javaRuntimes.put(java.getBinary(), java);
+        }
    }

    private static void searchAllOfficialJava(Map<Path, JavaRuntime> javaRuntimes, Path directory, boolean verify) {
@@ -587,8 +599,8 @@ public final class JavaManager {
                }
                searchAllOfficialJava(javaRuntimes, directory, getMojangJavaPlatform(Platform.WINDOWS_X86), verify);
            }
-        } else if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.OSX && Architecture.CURRENT_ARCH == Architecture.ARM64) {
-            searchAllOfficialJava(javaRuntimes, directory, getMojangJavaPlatform(Platform.OSX_X86_64), verify);
+        } else if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.MACOS && Architecture.CURRENT_ARCH == Architecture.ARM64) {
+            searchAllOfficialJava(javaRuntimes, directory, getMojangJavaPlatform(Platform.MACOS_X86_64), verify);
        }
    }

@@ -646,67 +658,22 @@ public final class JavaManager {
    }

    // ==== Windows Registry Support ====
-    private static void queryJavaInRegistryKey(Map<Path, JavaRuntime> javaRuntimes, String location) {
-        for (String java : querySubFolders(location)) {
-            if (!querySubFolders(java).contains(java + "\\MSI"))
+    private static void queryJavaInRegistryKey(Map<Path, JavaRuntime> javaRuntimes, WinReg.HKEY hkey, String location) {
+        WinReg reg = WinReg.INSTANCE;
+        if (reg == null)
+            return;
+
+        for (String java : reg.querySubKeys(hkey, location)) {
+            if (!reg.querySubKeys(hkey, java).contains(java + "\\MSI"))
                continue;
-            String home = queryRegisterValue(java, "JavaHome");
-            if (home != null) {
+            Object home = reg.queryValue(hkey, java, "JavaHome");
+            if (home instanceof String) {
                try {
-                    tryAddJavaHome(javaRuntimes, Paths.get(home));
+                    tryAddJavaHome(javaRuntimes, Paths.get((String) home));
                } catch (InvalidPathException e) {
                    LOG.warning("Invalid Java path in system registry: " + home);
                }
            }
        }
    }
-
-    private static List<String> querySubFolders(String location) {
-        List<String> res = new ArrayList<>();
-
-        try {
-            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(new String[]{"cmd", "/c", "reg", "query", location});
-            try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream(), OperatingSystem.NATIVE_CHARSET))) {
-                for (String line; (line = reader.readLine()) != null; ) {
-                    if (line.startsWith(location) && !line.equals(location)) {
-                        res.add(line);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            LOG.warning("Failed to query sub folders of " + location, e);
-        }
-        return res;
-    }
-
-    private static String queryRegisterValue(String location, String name) {
-        boolean last = false;
-
-        try {
-            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(new String[]{"cmd", "/c", "reg", "query", location, "/v", name});
-            try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream(), OperatingSystem.NATIVE_CHARSET))) {
-                for (String line; (line = reader.readLine()) != null; ) {
-                    if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(line)) {
-                        if (last && line.trim().startsWith(name)) {
-                            int begins = line.indexOf(name);
-                            if (begins > 0) {
-                                String s2 = line.substring(begins + name.length());
-                                begins = s2.indexOf("REG_SZ");
-                                if (begins > 0) {
-                                    return s2.substring(begins + "REG_SZ".length()).trim();
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-                        if (location.equals(line.trim())) {
-                            last = true;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            LOG.warning("Failed to query register value of " + location, e);
-        }
-
-        return null;
-    }
 }
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import javafx.beans.Observable;
 import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.SimpleObjectProperty;
 import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
+import javafx.collections.ListChangeListener;
 import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.*;
@@ -34,9 +35,8 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.offline.OfflineAccountFactory;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.yggdrasil.RemoteAuthenticationException;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.game.OAuthServer;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Schedulers;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.InvocationDispatcher;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.FileSaver;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.JarUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.skin.InvalidSkinException;

 import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ import java.util.*;
 import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;
 import static javafx.collections.FXCollections.observableArrayList;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder.config;
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder.globalConfig;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils.onInvalidating;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang.immutableListOf;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang.mapOf;
@@ -68,18 +69,6 @@ public final class Accounts {

    private static final AuthlibInjectorArtifactProvider AUTHLIB_INJECTOR_DOWNLOADER = createAuthlibInjectorArtifactProvider();

-    private static void triggerAuthlibInjectorUpdateCheck() {
-        if (AUTHLIB_INJECTOR_DOWNLOADER instanceof AuthlibInjectorDownloader) {
-            Schedulers.io().execute(() -> {
-                try {
-                    ((AuthlibInjectorDownloader) AUTHLIB_INJECTOR_DOWNLOADER).checkUpdate();
-                } catch (IOException e) {
-                    LOG.warning("Failed to check update for authlib-injector", e);
-                }
-            });
-        }
-    }
-
    public static final OAuthServer.Factory OAUTH_CALLBACK = new OAuthServer.Factory();

    public static final OfflineAccountFactory FACTORY_OFFLINE = new OfflineAccountFactory(AUTHLIB_INJECTOR_DOWNLOADER);
@@ -173,7 +162,7 @@ public final class Accounts {
    }

    private static void loadGlobalAccountStorages() {
-        Path globalAccountsFile = Metadata.HMCL_DIRECTORY.resolve("accounts.json");
+        Path globalAccountsFile = Metadata.HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY.resolve("accounts.json");
        if (Files.exists(globalAccountsFile)) {
            try (Reader reader = Files.newBufferedReader(globalAccountsFile)) {
                globalAccountStorages.setAll(Config.CONFIG_GSON.fromJson(reader, listTypeOf(mapTypeOf(Object.class, Object.class))));
@@ -182,21 +171,8 @@ public final class Accounts {
            }
        }

-        InvocationDispatcher<String> dispatcher = InvocationDispatcher.runOn(Lang::thread, json -> {
-            LOG.info("Saving global accounts");
-            synchronized (globalAccountsFile) {
-                try {
-                    synchronized (globalAccountsFile) {
-                        FileUtils.saveSafely(globalAccountsFile, json);
-                    }
-                } catch (IOException e) {
-                    LOG.error("Failed to save global accounts", e);
-                }
-            }
-        });
-
        globalAccountStorages.addListener(onInvalidating(() ->
-                dispatcher.accept(Config.CONFIG_GSON.toJson(globalAccountStorages))));
+                FileSaver.save(globalAccountsFile, Config.CONFIG_GSON.toJson(globalAccountStorages))));
    }

    private static Account parseAccount(Map<Object, Object> storage) {
@@ -277,6 +253,30 @@ public final class Accounts {
            selected = accounts.get(0);
        }

+        if (!globalConfig().isEnableOfflineAccount())
+            for (Account account : accounts) {
+                if (account instanceof MicrosoftAccount) {
+                    globalConfig().setEnableOfflineAccount(true);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+        if (!globalConfig().isEnableOfflineAccount())
+            accounts.addListener(new ListChangeListener<Account>() {
+                @Override
+                public void onChanged(Change<? extends Account> change) {
+                    while (change.next()) {
+                        for (Account account : change.getAddedSubList()) {
+                            if (account instanceof MicrosoftAccount) {
+                                accounts.removeListener(this);
+                                globalConfig().setEnableOfflineAccount(true);
+                                return;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+
        selectedAccount.set(selected);

        InvalidationListener listener = o -> {
@@ -326,8 +326,6 @@ public final class Accounts {
            });
        }

-        triggerAuthlibInjectorUpdateCheck();
-
        for (AuthlibInjectorServer server : config().getAuthlibInjectorServers()) {
            if (selected instanceof AuthlibInjectorAccount && ((AuthlibInjectorAccount) selected).getServer() == server)
                continue;
@@ -335,7 +333,7 @@ public final class Accounts {
                try {
                    server.fetchMetadataResponse();
                } catch (IOException e) {
-                    LOG.warning("Failed to fetch authlib-injector server metdata: " + server, e);
+                    LOG.warning("Failed to fetch authlib-injector server metadata: " + server, e);
                }
            });
        }
@@ -360,24 +358,18 @@ public final class Accounts {
    // ==== authlib-injector ====
    private static AuthlibInjectorArtifactProvider createAuthlibInjectorArtifactProvider() {
        String authlibinjectorLocation = System.getProperty("hmcl.authlibinjector.location");
-        if (authlibinjectorLocation == null) {
-            return new AuthlibInjectorDownloader(
-                    Metadata.HMCL_DIRECTORY.resolve("authlib-injector.jar"),
-                    DownloadProviders::getDownloadProvider) {
-                @Override
-                public Optional<AuthlibInjectorArtifactInfo> getArtifactInfoImmediately() {
-                    Optional<AuthlibInjectorArtifactInfo> local = super.getArtifactInfoImmediately();
-                    if (local.isPresent()) {
-                        return local;
-                    }
-                    // search authlib-injector.jar in current directory, it's used as a fallback
-                    return parseArtifact(Paths.get("authlib-injector.jar"));
-                }
-            };
-        } else {
+        if (authlibinjectorLocation != null) {
            LOG.info("Using specified authlib-injector: " + authlibinjectorLocation);
            return new SimpleAuthlibInjectorArtifactProvider(Paths.get(authlibinjectorLocation));
        }
+
+        String authlibInjectorVersion = JarUtils.getAttribute("hmcl.authlib-injector.version", null);
+        if (authlibInjectorVersion == null)
+            throw new AssertionError("Missing hmcl.authlib-injector.version");
+
+        String authlibInjectorFileName = "authlib-injector-" + authlibInjectorVersion + ".jar";
+        return new AuthlibInjectorExtractor(Accounts.class.getResource("/assets/" + authlibInjectorFileName),
+                Metadata.DEPENDENCIES_DIRECTORY.resolve("universal").resolve(authlibInjectorFileName));
    }

    private static AuthlibInjectorServer getOrCreateAuthlibInjectorServer(String url) {
@@ -463,6 +455,8 @@ public final class Accounts {
                return i18n("account.methods.microsoft.error.country_unavailable");
            } else if (errorCode == MicrosoftService.XboxAuthorizationException.MISSING_XBOX_ACCOUNT) {
                return i18n("account.methods.microsoft.error.missing_xbox_account");
+            } else if (errorCode == MicrosoftService.XboxAuthorizationException.BANNED) {
+                return i18n("account.methods.microsoft.error.banned");
            } else {
                return i18n("account.methods.microsoft.error.unknown", errorCode);
            }
@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ import com.google.gson.JsonParseException;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.authlibinjector.AuthlibInjectorServer;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Schedulers;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonSerializable;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.TolerableValidationException;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.Validation;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.JarUtils;

 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder.config;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;

+@JsonSerializable
 public final class AuthlibInjectorServers implements Validation {

    public static final String CONFIG_FILENAME = "authlib-injectors.json";
@@ -73,8 +74,7 @@ public final class AuthlibInjectorServers implements Validation {
        if (ConfigHolder.isNewlyCreated() && Files.exists(configLocation)) {
            AuthlibInjectorServers configInstance;
            try {
-                String content = FileUtils.readText(configLocation);
-                configInstance = JsonUtils.GSON.fromJson(content, AuthlibInjectorServers.class);
+                configInstance = JsonUtils.fromJsonFile(configLocation, AuthlibInjectorServers.class);
            } catch (IOException | JsonParseException e) {
                LOG.warning("Malformed authlib-injectors.json", e);
                return;
@@ -19,8 +19,7 @@ package org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting;

 import com.google.gson.JsonParseException;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.InvocationDispatcher;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.FileSaver;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.JarUtils;
@@ -39,13 +38,14 @@ public final class ConfigHolder {

    public static final String CONFIG_FILENAME = "hmcl.json";
    public static final String CONFIG_FILENAME_LINUX = ".hmcl.json";
-    public static final Path GLOBAL_CONFIG_PATH = Metadata.HMCL_DIRECTORY.resolve("config.json");
+    public static final Path GLOBAL_CONFIG_PATH = Metadata.HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY.resolve("config.json");

    private static Path configLocation;
    private static Config configInstance;
    private static GlobalConfig globalConfigInstance;
    private static boolean newlyCreated;
    private static boolean ownerChanged = false;
+    private static boolean unsupportedVersion = false;

    public static Config config() {
        if (configInstance == null) {
@@ -73,6 +73,10 @@ public final class ConfigHolder {
        return ownerChanged;
    }

+    public static boolean isUnsupportedVersion() {
+        return unsupportedVersion;
+    }
+
    public static void init() throws IOException {
        if (configInstance != null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Configuration is already loaded");
@@ -83,10 +87,11 @@ public final class ConfigHolder {
        LOG.info("Config location: " + configLocation);

        configInstance = loadConfig();
-        configInstance.addListener(source -> markConfigDirty());
+        if (!unsupportedVersion)
+            configInstance.addListener(source -> FileSaver.save(configLocation, configInstance.toJson()));

        globalConfigInstance = loadGlobalConfig();
-        globalConfigInstance.addListener(source -> markGlobalConfigDirty());
+        globalConfigInstance.addListener(source -> FileSaver.save(GLOBAL_CONFIG_PATH, globalConfigInstance.toJson()));

        Locale.setDefault(config().getLocalization().getLocale());
        I18n.setLocale(configInstance.getLocalization());
@@ -94,22 +99,15 @@ public final class ConfigHolder {
        Settings.init();

        if (newlyCreated) {
-            saveConfigSync();
-
-            // hide the config file on windows
-            if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS) {
-                try {
-                    Files.setAttribute(configLocation, "dos:hidden", true);
-                } catch (IOException e) {
-                    LOG.warning("Failed to set hidden attribute of " + configLocation, e);
-                }
-            }
+            LOG.info("Creating config file " + configLocation);
+            FileUtils.saveSafely(configLocation, configInstance.toJson());
        }

        if (!Files.isWritable(configLocation)) {
            if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS
                    && configLocation.getFileSystem() == FileSystems.getDefault()
                    && configLocation.toFile().canWrite()) {
+                LOG.warning("Config at " + configLocation + " is not writable, but it seems to be a Samba share or OpenJDK bug");
                // There are some serious problems with the implementation of Samba or OpenJDK
                throw new SambaException();
            } else {
@@ -121,12 +119,14 @@ public final class ConfigHolder {
    }

    private static Path locateConfig() {
-        Path exePath = Paths.get("").toAbsolutePath();
+        Path defaultConfigFile = Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY.resolve(CONFIG_FILENAME);
+        if (Files.isRegularFile(defaultConfigFile))
+            return defaultConfigFile;
+
        try {
            Path jarPath = JarUtils.thisJarPath();
            if (jarPath != null && Files.isRegularFile(jarPath) && Files.isWritable(jarPath)) {
                jarPath = jarPath.getParent();
-                exePath = jarPath;

                Path config = jarPath.resolve(CONFIG_FILENAME);
                if (Files.isRegularFile(config))
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ public final class ConfigHolder {
            return dotConfig;

        // create new
-        return exePath.resolve(OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS ? CONFIG_FILENAME : CONFIG_FILENAME_LINUX);
+        return defaultConfigFile;
    }

    private static Config loadConfig() throws IOException {
@@ -164,12 +164,19 @@ public final class ConfigHolder {
                LOG.warning("Failed to get owner");
            }
            try {
-                String content = FileUtils.readText(configLocation);
+                String content = Files.readString(configLocation);
                Config deserialized = Config.fromJson(content);
                if (deserialized == null) {
                    LOG.info("Config is empty");
                } else {
-                    ConfigUpgrader.upgradeConfig(deserialized, content);
+                    int configVersion = deserialized.getConfigVersion();
+                    if (configVersion < Config.CURRENT_VERSION) {
+                        ConfigUpgrader.upgradeConfig(deserialized, content);
+                    } else if (configVersion > Config.CURRENT_VERSION) {
+                        unsupportedVersion = true;
+                        LOG.warning(String.format("Current HMCL only support the configuration version up to %d. However, the version now is %d.", Config.CURRENT_VERSION, configVersion));
+                    }
+
                    return deserialized;
                }
            } catch (JsonParseException e) {
@@ -177,40 +184,16 @@ public final class ConfigHolder {
            }
        }

-        LOG.info("Creating an empty config");
        newlyCreated = true;
        return new Config();
    }

-    private static final InvocationDispatcher<String> configWriter = InvocationDispatcher.runOn(Lang::thread, content -> {
-        try {
-            writeToConfig(content);
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            LOG.error("Failed to save config", e);
-        }
-    });
-
-    private static void writeToConfig(String content) throws IOException {
-        LOG.info("Saving config");
-        synchronized (configLocation) {
-            FileUtils.saveSafely(configLocation, content);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static void markConfigDirty() {
-        configWriter.accept(configInstance.toJson());
-    }
-
-    private static void saveConfigSync() throws IOException {
-        writeToConfig(configInstance.toJson());
-    }
-
    // Global Config

    private static GlobalConfig loadGlobalConfig() throws IOException {
        if (Files.exists(GLOBAL_CONFIG_PATH)) {
            try {
-                String content = FileUtils.readText(GLOBAL_CONFIG_PATH);
+                String content = Files.readString(GLOBAL_CONFIG_PATH);
                GlobalConfig deserialized = GlobalConfig.fromJson(content);
                if (deserialized == null) {
                    LOG.info("Config is empty");
@@ -226,22 +209,4 @@ public final class ConfigHolder {
        return new GlobalConfig();
    }

-    private static final InvocationDispatcher<String> globalConfigWriter = InvocationDispatcher.runOn(Lang::thread, content -> {
-        try {
-            writeToGlobalConfig(content);
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            LOG.error("Failed to save config", e);
-        }
-    });
-
-    private static void writeToGlobalConfig(String content) throws IOException {
-        LOG.info("Saving global config");
-        synchronized (GLOBAL_CONFIG_PATH) {
-            FileUtils.saveSafely(GLOBAL_CONFIG_PATH, content);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static void markGlobalConfigDirty() {
-        globalConfigWriter.accept(globalConfigInstance.toJson());
-    }
 }
@@ -31,8 +31,6 @@ final class ConfigUpgrader {
    private ConfigUpgrader() {
    }

-    private static final int CURRENT_VERSION = 2;
-
    /**
     * This method is for the compatibility with old HMCL versions.
     *
@@ -42,17 +40,10 @@ final class ConfigUpgrader {
    static void upgradeConfig(Config deserialized, String rawContent) {
        int configVersion = deserialized.getConfigVersion();

-        if (configVersion == CURRENT_VERSION) {
+        if (configVersion >= Config.CURRENT_VERSION)
            return;
-        }

-        if (configVersion > CURRENT_VERSION) {
-            LOG.warning(String.format("Current HMCL only support the configuration version up to %d. However, the version now is %d.", CURRENT_VERSION, configVersion));
-            deserialized.setConfigVersion(CURRENT_VERSION);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        LOG.info(String.format("Updating configuration from %d to %d.", configVersion, CURRENT_VERSION));
+        LOG.info(String.format("Updating configuration from %d to %d.", configVersion, Config.CURRENT_VERSION));
        Map<?, ?> rawJson = Collections.unmodifiableMap(new Gson().<Map<?, ?>>fromJson(rawContent, Map.class));

        if (configVersion < 1) {
@@ -100,6 +91,6 @@ final class ConfigUpgrader {
            }
        }

-        deserialized.setConfigVersion(CURRENT_VERSION);
+        deserialized.setConfigVersion(Config.CURRENT_VERSION);
    }
 }
@@ -29,25 +29,23 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.ResponseCodeException;
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException;
 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
 import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
-import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.URI;
 import java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException;
-import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException;
-import java.util.stream.Collectors;
-import java.util.stream.Stream;

 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder.config;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.FetchTask.DEFAULT_CONCURRENCY;
-import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang.mapOf;
-import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Pair.pair;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;

 public final class DownloadProviders {
-    private DownloadProviders() {}
+    private DownloadProviders() {
+    }

-    private static DownloadProvider currentDownloadProvider;
+    private static final DownloadProviderWrapper provider;

    public static final Map<String, DownloadProvider> providersById;
    public static final Map<String, DownloadProvider> rawProviders;
@@ -59,6 +57,7 @@ public final class DownloadProviders {
    public static final String DEFAULT_PROVIDER_ID = "balanced";
    public static final String DEFAULT_RAW_PROVIDER_ID = "bmclapi";

+    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    private static final InvalidationListener observer;

    static {
@@ -68,95 +67,92 @@ public final class DownloadProviders {

        MOJANG = new MojangDownloadProvider();
        BMCLAPI = new BMCLAPIDownloadProvider(bmclapiRoot);
-        rawProviders = mapOf(
-                pair("mojang", MOJANG),
-                pair("bmclapi", BMCLAPI)
+        rawProviders = Map.of(
+                "mojang", MOJANG,
+                "bmclapi", BMCLAPI
        );

        AdaptedDownloadProvider fileProvider = new AdaptedDownloadProvider();
-        fileProvider.setDownloadProviderCandidates(Arrays.asList(BMCLAPI, MOJANG));
+        fileProvider.setDownloadProviderCandidates(List.of(BMCLAPI, MOJANG));
        BalancedDownloadProvider balanced = new BalancedDownloadProvider(MOJANG, BMCLAPI);

-        providersById = mapOf(
-                pair("official", new AutoDownloadProvider(MOJANG, fileProvider)),
-                pair("balanced", new AutoDownloadProvider(balanced, fileProvider)),
-                pair("mirror", new AutoDownloadProvider(BMCLAPI, fileProvider)));
+        providersById = Map.of(
+                "official", new AutoDownloadProvider(MOJANG, fileProvider),
+                "balanced", new AutoDownloadProvider(balanced, fileProvider),
+                "mirror", new AutoDownloadProvider(BMCLAPI, fileProvider));

        observer = FXUtils.observeWeak(() -> {
            FetchTask.setDownloadExecutorConcurrency(
                    config().getAutoDownloadThreads() ? DEFAULT_CONCURRENCY : config().getDownloadThreads());
        }, config().autoDownloadThreadsProperty(), config().downloadThreadsProperty());
+
+        provider = new DownloadProviderWrapper(MOJANG);
    }

    static void init() {
-        FXUtils.onChangeAndOperate(config().versionListSourceProperty(), versionListSource -> {
-            if (!providersById.containsKey(versionListSource)) {
-                config().setVersionListSource(DEFAULT_PROVIDER_ID);
-                return;
+        InvalidationListener onChangeDownloadSource = observable -> {
+            String versionListSource = Objects.requireNonNullElse(config().getVersionListSource(), "");
+            if (config().isAutoChooseDownloadType()) {
+                DownloadProvider currentDownloadProvider = providersById.get(versionListSource);
+                if (currentDownloadProvider == null)
+                    currentDownloadProvider = Objects.requireNonNull(providersById.get(DEFAULT_PROVIDER_ID),
+                            "default provider is null");
+
+                provider.setProvider(currentDownloadProvider);
+            } else {
+                provider.setProvider(fileDownloadProvider);
            }
+        };
+        config().versionListSourceProperty().addListener(onChangeDownloadSource);
+        config().autoChooseDownloadTypeProperty().addListener(onChangeDownloadSource);

-            currentDownloadProvider = Optional.ofNullable(providersById.get(versionListSource))
-                    .orElse(providersById.get(DEFAULT_PROVIDER_ID));
-        });
-
-        if (!rawProviders.containsKey(config().getDownloadType())) {
-            config().setDownloadType(DEFAULT_RAW_PROVIDER_ID);
-        }
+        onChangeDownloadSource.invalidated(null);

        FXUtils.onChangeAndOperate(config().downloadTypeProperty(), downloadType -> {
-            DownloadProvider primary = Optional.ofNullable(rawProviders.get(downloadType))
-                    .orElse(rawProviders.get(DEFAULT_RAW_PROVIDER_ID));
-            fileDownloadProvider.setDownloadProviderCandidates(
-                    Stream.concat(
-                            Stream.of(primary),
-                            rawProviders.values().stream().filter(x -> x != primary)
-                    ).collect(Collectors.toList())
-            );
+            DownloadProvider primary = Objects.requireNonNullElseGet(
+                    rawProviders.get(Objects.requireNonNullElse(downloadType, "")),
+                    () -> rawProviders.get(DEFAULT_RAW_PROVIDER_ID));
+
+            List<DownloadProvider> providers = new ArrayList<>(rawProviders.size());
+            providers.add(primary);
+            for (DownloadProvider provider : rawProviders.values()) {
+                if (provider != primary)
+                    providers.add(provider);
+            }
+
+            fileDownloadProvider.setDownloadProviderCandidates(providers);
        });
    }

-    public static String getPrimaryDownloadProviderId() {
-        String downloadType = config().getDownloadType();
-        if (providersById.containsKey(downloadType))
-            return downloadType;
-        else
-            return DEFAULT_PROVIDER_ID;
-    }
-
-    public static DownloadProvider getDownloadProviderByPrimaryId(String primaryId) {
-        return Optional.ofNullable(providersById.get(primaryId))
-                .orElse(providersById.get(DEFAULT_PROVIDER_ID));
-    }
-
    /**
     * Get current primary preferred download provider
     */
    public static DownloadProvider getDownloadProvider() {
-        return config().isAutoChooseDownloadType() ? currentDownloadProvider : fileDownloadProvider;
+        return provider;
    }

    public static String localizeErrorMessage(Throwable exception) {
        if (exception instanceof DownloadException) {
-            URL url = ((DownloadException) exception).getUrl();
+            URI uri = ((DownloadException) exception).getUri();
            if (exception.getCause() instanceof SocketTimeoutException) {
-                return i18n("install.failed.downloading.timeout", url);
+                return i18n("install.failed.downloading.timeout", uri);
            } else if (exception.getCause() instanceof ResponseCodeException) {
                ResponseCodeException responseCodeException = (ResponseCodeException) exception.getCause();
                if (I18n.hasKey("download.code." + responseCodeException.getResponseCode())) {
-                    return i18n("download.code." + responseCodeException.getResponseCode(), url);
+                    return i18n("download.code." + responseCodeException.getResponseCode(), uri);
                } else {
-                    return i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", url) + "\n" + StringUtils.getStackTrace(exception.getCause());
+                    return i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", uri) + "\n" + StringUtils.getStackTrace(exception.getCause());
                }
            } else if (exception.getCause() instanceof FileNotFoundException) {
-                return i18n("download.code.404", url);
+                return i18n("download.code.404", uri);
            } else if (exception.getCause() instanceof AccessDeniedException) {
-                return i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", url) + "\n" + i18n("exception.access_denied", ((AccessDeniedException) exception.getCause()).getFile());
+                return i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", uri) + "\n" + i18n("exception.access_denied", ((AccessDeniedException) exception.getCause()).getFile());
            } else if (exception.getCause() instanceof ArtifactMalformedException) {
-                return i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", url) + "\n" + i18n("exception.artifact_malformed");
+                return i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", uri) + "\n" + i18n("exception.artifact_malformed");
            } else if (exception.getCause() instanceof SSLHandshakeException) {
-                return i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", url) + "\n" + i18n("exception.ssl_handshake");
+                return i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", uri) + "\n" + i18n("exception.ssl_handshake");
            } else {
-                return i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", url) + "\n" + StringUtils.getStackTrace(exception.getCause());
+                return i18n("install.failed.downloading.detail", uri) + "\n" + StringUtils.getStackTrace(exception.getCause());
            }
        } else if (exception instanceof ArtifactMalformedException) {
            return i18n("exception.artifact_malformed");
@@ -22,5 +22,6 @@ public enum EnumBackgroundImage {
    CUSTOM,
    CLASSIC,
    NETWORK,
-    TRANSLUCENT
+    TRANSLUCENT, // Deprecated
+    PAINT
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting;
+
+import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.SimpleObjectProperty;
+import javafx.scene.text.Font;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lazy;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.LocaleUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.JarUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.SystemUtils;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+import java.net.MalformedURLException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.*;
+
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder.config;
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
+
+/**
+ * @author Glavo
+ */
+public final class FontManager {
+
+    public static final String[] FONT_EXTENSIONS = {
+            "ttf", "otf", "woff"
+    };
+
+    public static final double DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE = 12.0f;
+
+    private static final Lazy<Font> DEFAULT_FONT = new Lazy<>(() -> {
+        Font font;
+
+        // Recommended
+
+        font = tryLoadLocalizedFont(Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY.resolve("font"));
+        if (font != null)
+            return font;
+
+        font = tryLoadLocalizedFont(Metadata.HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY.resolve("font"));
+        if (font != null)
+            return font;
+
+        // Legacy
+
+        font = tryLoadDefaultFont(Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY);
+        if (font != null)
+            return font;
+
+        font = tryLoadDefaultFont(Metadata.CURRENT_DIRECTORY);
+        if (font != null)
+            return font;
+
+        font = tryLoadDefaultFont(Metadata.HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY);
+        if (font != null)
+            return font;
+
+        Path thisJar = JarUtils.thisJarPath();
+        if (thisJar != null && thisJar.getParent() != null) {
+            font = tryLoadDefaultFont(thisJar.getParent());
+            if (font != null)
+                return font;
+        }
+
+        // Default
+
+        String fcMatchPattern;
+        if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS.isLinuxOrBSD()
+                && !(fcMatchPattern = I18n.getLocale().getFcMatchPattern()).isEmpty())
+            return findByFcMatch(fcMatchPattern);
+        else
+            return null;
+    });
+
+    private static final ObjectProperty<FontReference> fontProperty;
+
+    static {
+        String fontFamily = config().getLauncherFontFamily();
+        if (fontFamily == null)
+            fontFamily = System.getProperty("hmcl.font.override");
+        if (fontFamily == null)
+            fontFamily = System.getenv("HMCL_FONT");
+
+        FontReference fontReference;
+        if (fontFamily == null) {
+            Font defaultFont = DEFAULT_FONT.get();
+            fontReference = defaultFont != null ? new FontReference(defaultFont) : null;
+        } else
+            fontReference = new FontReference(fontFamily);
+
+        fontProperty = new SimpleObjectProperty<>(fontReference);
+
+        LOG.info("Font: " + (fontReference != null ? fontReference.getFamily() : "System"));
+        fontProperty.addListener((obs, oldValue, newValue) -> {
+            if (newValue != null)
+                config().setLauncherFontFamily(newValue.getFamily());
+            else
+                config().setLauncherFontFamily(null);
+        });
+    }
+
+    private static Font tryLoadDefaultFont(Path dir) {
+        for (String extension : FONT_EXTENSIONS) {
+            Path path = dir.resolve("font." + extension);
+            if (Files.isRegularFile(path)) {
+                LOG.info("Load font file: " + path);
+                try {
+                    Font font = Font.loadFont(path.toUri().toURL().toExternalForm(), DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE);
+                    if (font != null) {
+                        return font;
+                    }
+                } catch (MalformedURLException ignored) {
+                }
+
+                LOG.warning("Failed to load font " + path);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static Font tryLoadLocalizedFont(Path dir) {
+        Map<String, Map<String, Path>> fontFiles = LocaleUtils.findAllLocalizedFiles(dir, "font", Set.of(FONT_EXTENSIONS));
+        if (fontFiles.isEmpty())
+            return null;
+
+        List<Locale> candidateLocales = I18n.getLocale().getCandidateLocales();
+
+        for (Locale locale : candidateLocales) {
+            Map<String, Path> extToFiles = fontFiles.get(LocaleUtils.toLanguageKey(locale));
+            if (extToFiles != null) {
+                for (String ext : FONT_EXTENSIONS) {
+                    Path fontFile = extToFiles.get(ext);
+                    if (fontFile != null) {
+                        LOG.info("Load font file: " + fontFile);
+                        try {
+                            Font font = Font.loadFont(
+                                    fontFile.toAbsolutePath().normalize().toUri().toURL().toExternalForm(),
+                                    DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE);
+                            if (font != null)
+                                return font;
+                        } catch (MalformedURLException ignored) {
+                        }
+
+                        LOG.warning("Failed to load font " + fontFile);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public static Font findByFcMatch(String pattern) {
+        Path fcMatch = SystemUtils.which("fc-match");
+        if (fcMatch == null)
+            return null;
+
+        try {
+            String result = SystemUtils.run(fcMatch.toString(),
+                    pattern,
+                    "--format", "%{family}\\n%{file}").trim();
+            String[] results = result.split("\\n");
+            if (results.length != 2 || results[0].isEmpty() || results[1].isEmpty()) {
+                LOG.warning("Unexpected output from fc-match: " + result);
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            String family = results[0].trim();
+            String path = results[1];
+
+            Path file = Paths.get(path).toAbsolutePath().normalize();
+            if (!Files.isRegularFile(file)) {
+                LOG.warning("Font file does not exist: " + path);
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            LOG.info("Load font file: " + path);
+            Font[] fonts = Font.loadFonts(file.toUri().toURL().toExternalForm(), DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE);
+            if (fonts == null) {
+                LOG.warning("Failed to load font from " + path);
+                return null;
+            } else if (fonts.length == 0) {
+                LOG.warning("No fonts loaded from " + path);
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            for (Font font : fonts) {
+                if (font.getFamily().equalsIgnoreCase(family)) {
+                    return font;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (family.indexOf(',') >= 0) {
+                for (String candidateFamily : family.split(",")) {
+                    for (Font font : fonts) {
+                        if (font.getFamily().equalsIgnoreCase(candidateFamily)) {
+                            return font;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            LOG.warning(String.format("Family '%s' not found in font file '%s'", family, path));
+            return fonts[0];
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            LOG.warning("Failed to get default font with fc-match", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static ObjectProperty<FontReference> fontProperty() {
+        return fontProperty;
+    }
+
+    public static FontReference getFont() {
+        return fontProperty.get();
+    }
+
+    public static void setFont(FontReference font) {
+        fontProperty.set(font);
+    }
+
+    public static void setFontFamily(String fontFamily) {
+        setFont(fontFamily != null ? new FontReference(fontFamily) : null);
+    }
+
+    // https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/issues/4072
+    public static final class FontReference {
+        private final @NotNull String family;
+        private final @Nullable String style;
+
+        public FontReference(@NotNull String family) {
+            this.family = Objects.requireNonNull(family);
+            this.style = null;
+        }
+
+        public FontReference(@NotNull Font font) {
+            this.family = font.getFamily();
+            this.style = font.getStyle();
+        }
+
+        public @NotNull String getFamily() {
+            return family;
+        }
+
+        public @Nullable String getStyle() {
+            return style;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (!(o instanceof FontReference))
+                return false;
+            FontReference that = (FontReference) o;
+            return Objects.equals(family, that.family) && Objects.equals(style, that.style);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hash(family, style);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return String.format("FontReference[family='%s', style='%s']", family, style);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private FontManager() {
+    }
+}
@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@ import com.google.gson.*;
 import com.google.gson.annotations.JsonAdapter;
 import javafx.beans.InvalidationListener;
 import javafx.beans.Observable;
-import javafx.beans.property.IntegerProperty;
-import javafx.beans.property.SimpleIntegerProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.*;
 import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
 import javafx.collections.ObservableSet;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.javafx.ObservableHelper;
@@ -49,10 +48,16 @@ public final class GlobalConfig implements Observable {

    private final IntegerProperty agreementVersion = new SimpleIntegerProperty();

+    private final IntegerProperty terracottaAgreementVersion = new SimpleIntegerProperty();
+
    private final IntegerProperty platformPromptVersion = new SimpleIntegerProperty();

    private final IntegerProperty logRetention = new SimpleIntegerProperty();

+    private final BooleanProperty enableOfflineAccount = new SimpleBooleanProperty(false);
+
+    private final StringProperty fontAntiAliasing = new SimpleStringProperty();
+
    private final ObservableSet<String> userJava = FXCollections.observableSet(new LinkedHashSet<>());

    private final ObservableSet<String> disabledJava = FXCollections.observableSet(new LinkedHashSet<>());
@@ -91,6 +96,18 @@ public final class GlobalConfig implements Observable {
        this.agreementVersion.set(agreementVersion);
    }

+    public int getTerracottaAgreementVersion() {
+        return terracottaAgreementVersion.get();
+    }
+
+    public IntegerProperty terracottaAgreementVersionProperty() {
+        return terracottaAgreementVersion;
+    }
+
+    public void setTerracottaAgreementVersion(int terracottaAgreementVersion) {
+        this.terracottaAgreementVersion.set(terracottaAgreementVersion);
+    }
+
    public int getPlatformPromptVersion() {
        return platformPromptVersion.get();
    }
@@ -115,6 +132,30 @@ public final class GlobalConfig implements Observable {
        this.logRetention.set(logRetention);
    }

+    public boolean isEnableOfflineAccount() {
+        return enableOfflineAccount.get();
+    }
+
+    public BooleanProperty enableOfflineAccountProperty() {
+        return enableOfflineAccount;
+    }
+
+    public void setEnableOfflineAccount(boolean value) {
+        enableOfflineAccount.set(value);
+    }
+
+    public StringProperty fontAntiAliasingProperty() {
+        return fontAntiAliasing;
+    }
+
+    public String getFontAntiAliasing() {
+        return fontAntiAliasing.get();
+    }
+
+    public void setFontAntiAliasing(String value) {
+        this.fontAntiAliasing.set(value);
+    }
+
    public ObservableSet<String> getUserJava() {
        return userJava;
    }
@@ -126,10 +167,13 @@ public final class GlobalConfig implements Observable {
    public static final class Serializer implements JsonSerializer<GlobalConfig>, JsonDeserializer<GlobalConfig> {
        private static final Set<String> knownFields = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(
                "agreementVersion",
+                "terracottaAgreementVersion",
                "platformPromptVersion",
                "logRetention",
                "userJava",
-                "disabledJava"
+                "disabledJava",
+                "enableOfflineAccount",
+                "fontAntiAliasing"
        ));

        @Override
@@ -140,8 +184,13 @@ public final class GlobalConfig implements Observable {

            JsonObject jsonObject = new JsonObject();
            jsonObject.add("agreementVersion", context.serialize(src.getAgreementVersion()));
+            jsonObject.add("terracottaAgreementVersion", context.serialize(src.getTerracottaAgreementVersion()));
            jsonObject.add("platformPromptVersion", context.serialize(src.getPlatformPromptVersion()));
            jsonObject.add("logRetention", context.serialize(src.getLogRetention()));
+            jsonObject.add("fontAntiAliasing", context.serialize(src.getFontAntiAliasing()));
+            if (src.enableOfflineAccount.get())
+                jsonObject.addProperty("enableOfflineAccount", true);
+
            if (!src.getUserJava().isEmpty())
                jsonObject.add("userJava", context.serialize(src.getUserJava()));

@@ -163,8 +212,11 @@ public final class GlobalConfig implements Observable {

            GlobalConfig config = new GlobalConfig();
            config.setAgreementVersion(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("agreementVersion")).map(JsonElement::getAsInt).orElse(0));
+            config.setTerracottaAgreementVersion(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("terracottaAgreementVersion")).map(JsonElement::getAsInt).orElse(0));
            config.setPlatformPromptVersion(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("platformPromptVersion")).map(JsonElement::getAsInt).orElse(0));
            config.setLogRetention(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("logRetention")).map(JsonElement::getAsInt).orElse(20));
+            config.setEnableOfflineAccount(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("enableOfflineAccount")).map(JsonElement::getAsBoolean).orElse(false));
+            config.setFontAntiAliasing(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("fontAntiAliasing")).map(JsonElement::getAsString).orElse(null));

            JsonElement userJava = obj.get("userJava");
            if (userJava != null && userJava.isJsonArray()) {
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.WeakListenerHolder;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.ToStringBuilder;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.javafx.ObservableHelper;

-import java.io.File;
 import java.lang.reflect.Type;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.Optional;

 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils.onInvalidating;
@@ -65,17 +65,17 @@ public final class Profile implements Observable {
        this.selectedVersion.set(selectedVersion);
    }

-    private final ObjectProperty<File> gameDir;
+    private final ObjectProperty<Path> gameDir;

-    public ObjectProperty<File> gameDirProperty() {
+    public ObjectProperty<Path> gameDirProperty() {
        return gameDir;
    }

-    public File getGameDir() {
+    public Path getGameDir() {
        return gameDir.get();
    }

-    public void setGameDir(File gameDir) {
+    public void setGameDir(Path gameDir) {
        this.gameDir.set(gameDir);
    }

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public final class Profile implements Observable {
        this.name.set(name);
    }

-    private BooleanProperty useRelativePath = new SimpleBooleanProperty(this, "useRelativePath", false);
+    private final BooleanProperty useRelativePath = new SimpleBooleanProperty(this, "useRelativePath", false);

    public BooleanProperty useRelativePathProperty() {
        return useRelativePath;
@@ -118,18 +118,18 @@ public final class Profile implements Observable {
    }

    public Profile(String name) {
-        this(name, new File(".minecraft"));
+        this(name, Path.of(".minecraft"));
    }

-    public Profile(String name, File initialGameDir) {
+    public Profile(String name, Path initialGameDir) {
        this(name, initialGameDir, new VersionSetting());
    }

-    public Profile(String name, File initialGameDir, VersionSetting global) {
+    public Profile(String name, Path initialGameDir, VersionSetting global) {
        this(name, initialGameDir, global, null, false);
    }

-    public Profile(String name, File initialGameDir, VersionSetting global, String selectedVersion, boolean useRelativePath) {
+    public Profile(String name, Path initialGameDir, VersionSetting global, String selectedVersion, boolean useRelativePath) {
        this.name = new SimpleStringProperty(this, "name", name);
        gameDir = new SimpleObjectProperty<>(this, "gameDir", initialGameDir);
        repository = new HMCLGameRepository(this, initialGameDir);
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ public final class Profile implements Observable {

            JsonObject jsonObject = new JsonObject();
            jsonObject.add("global", context.serialize(src.getGlobal()));
-            jsonObject.addProperty("gameDir", src.getGameDir().getPath());
+            jsonObject.addProperty("gameDir", src.getGameDir().toString());
            jsonObject.addProperty("useRelativePath", src.isUseRelativePath());
            jsonObject.addProperty("selectedMinecraftVersion", src.getSelectedVersion());

@@ -243,12 +243,11 @@ public final class Profile implements Observable {

        @Override
        public Profile deserialize(JsonElement json, Type typeOfT, JsonDeserializationContext context) throws JsonParseException {
-            if (json == JsonNull.INSTANCE || !(json instanceof JsonObject)) return null;
-            JsonObject obj = (JsonObject) json;
+            if (!(json instanceof JsonObject obj)) return null;
            String gameDir = Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("gameDir")).map(JsonElement::getAsString).orElse("");

            return new Profile("Default",
-                    new File(gameDir),
+                    Path.of(gameDir),
                    context.deserialize(obj.get("global"), VersionSetting.class),
                    Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("selectedMinecraftVersion")).map(JsonElement::getAsString).orElse(""),
                    Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("useRelativePath")).map(JsonElement::getAsBoolean).orElse(false));
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.event.EventBus;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.event.RefreshedVersionsEvent;

-import java.io.File;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -48,20 +48,17 @@ public final class Profiles {
    }

    public static String getProfileDisplayName(Profile profile) {
-        switch (profile.getName()) {
-            case Profiles.DEFAULT_PROFILE:
-                return i18n("profile.default");
-            case Profiles.HOME_PROFILE:
-                return i18n("profile.home");
-            default:
-                return profile.getName();
-        }
+        return switch (profile.getName()) {
+            case Profiles.DEFAULT_PROFILE -> i18n("profile.default");
+            case Profiles.HOME_PROFILE -> i18n("profile.home");
+            default -> profile.getName();
+        };
    }

    private static final ObservableList<Profile> profiles = observableArrayList(profile -> new Observable[] { profile });
    private static final ReadOnlyListWrapper<Profile> profilesWrapper = new ReadOnlyListWrapper<>(profiles);

-    private static ObjectProperty<Profile> selectedProfile = new SimpleObjectProperty<Profile>() {
+    private static final ObjectProperty<Profile> selectedProfile = new SimpleObjectProperty<Profile>() {
        {
            profiles.addListener(onInvalidating(this::invalidated));
        }
@@ -104,8 +101,8 @@ public final class Profiles {

    private static void checkProfiles() {
        if (profiles.isEmpty()) {
-            Profile current = new Profile(Profiles.DEFAULT_PROFILE, new File(".minecraft"), new VersionSetting(), null, true);
-            Profile home = new Profile(Profiles.HOME_PROFILE, Metadata.MINECRAFT_DIRECTORY.toFile());
+            Profile current = new Profile(Profiles.DEFAULT_PROFILE, Path.of(".minecraft"), new VersionSetting(), null, true);
+            Profile home = new Profile(Profiles.HOME_PROFILE, Metadata.MINECRAFT_DIRECTORY);
            Platform.runLater(() -> profiles.addAll(current, home));
        }
    }
@@ -17,100 +17,169 @@
 */
 package org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting;

-import javafx.beans.binding.Bindings;
-import javafx.beans.binding.ObjectBinding;
-import javafx.beans.value.ObservableObjectValue;
+import javafx.beans.InvalidationListener;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;

-import java.net.Authenticator;
-import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
-import java.net.PasswordAuthentication;
-import java.net.Proxy;
-import java.net.Proxy.Type;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.*;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;

 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder.config;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;

 public final class ProxyManager {
-    private ProxyManager() {
+
+    private static final SimpleProxySelector NO_PROXY = new SimpleProxySelector(Proxy.NO_PROXY);
+    private static final ProxySelector SYSTEM_DEFAULT;
+
+    static {
+        ProxySelector systemProxySelector = ProxySelector.getDefault();
+        SYSTEM_DEFAULT = systemProxySelector != null
+                ? new ProxySelectorWrapper(systemProxySelector)
+                : NO_PROXY;
    }

-    private static ObjectBinding<Proxy> proxyProperty;
+    private static volatile @NotNull ProxySelector defaultProxySelector = SYSTEM_DEFAULT;
+    private static volatile @Nullable SimpleAuthenticator defaultAuthenticator = null;

-    public static Proxy getProxy() {
-        return proxyProperty.get();
+    private static ProxySelector getProxySelector() {
+        if (config().hasProxy()) {
+            Proxy.Type proxyType = config().getProxyType();
+            String host = config().getProxyHost();
+            int port = config().getProxyPort();
+
+            if (proxyType == Proxy.Type.DIRECT || StringUtils.isBlank(host)) {
+                return NO_PROXY;
+            } else if (port < 0 || port > 0xFFFF) {
+                LOG.warning("Illegal proxy port: " + port);
+                return NO_PROXY;
+            } else {
+                return new ProxySelectorWrapper(new SimpleProxySelector(new Proxy(proxyType, new InetSocketAddress(host, port))));
+            }
+        } else {
+            return ProxyManager.SYSTEM_DEFAULT;
+        }
    }

-    public static ObservableObjectValue<Proxy> proxyProperty() {
-        return proxyProperty;
+    private static SimpleAuthenticator getAuthenticator() {
+        if (config().hasProxy() && config().hasProxyAuth()) {
+            String username = config().getProxyUser();
+            String password = config().getProxyPass();
+
+            if (username != null || password != null)
+                return new SimpleAuthenticator(
+                        Objects.requireNonNullElse(username, ""),
+                        Objects.requireNonNullElse(password, "").toCharArray()
+                );
+            else
+                return null;
+        } else
+            return null;
    }

    static void init() {
-        proxyProperty = Bindings.createObjectBinding(
-                () -> {
-                    String host = config().getProxyHost();
-                    int port = config().getProxyPort();
-                    if (!config().hasProxy() || StringUtils.isBlank(host) || config().getProxyType() == Proxy.Type.DIRECT) {
-                        return Proxy.NO_PROXY;
-                    } else {
-                        if (port < 0 || port > 0xFFFF) {
-                            LOG.warning("Illegal proxy port: " + port);
-                            return Proxy.NO_PROXY;
-                        }
-                        return new Proxy(config().getProxyType(), new InetSocketAddress(host, port));
-                    }
-                },
-                config().proxyTypeProperty(),
-                config().proxyHostProperty(),
-                config().proxyPortProperty(),
-                config().hasProxyProperty());
-
-        proxyProperty.addListener(any -> updateSystemProxy());
-        updateSystemProxy();
+        ProxySelector.setDefault(new ProxySelector() {
+            @Override
+            public List<Proxy> select(URI uri) {
+                return defaultProxySelector.select(uri);
+            }

+            @Override
+            public void connectFailed(URI uri, SocketAddress sa, IOException ioe) {
+                defaultProxySelector.connectFailed(uri, sa, ioe);
+            }
+        });
        Authenticator.setDefault(new Authenticator() {
            @Override
            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
-                if (config().hasProxyAuth()) {
-                    String username = config().getProxyUser();
-                    String password = config().getProxyPass();
-                    if (username != null && password != null) {
-                        return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password.toCharArray());
-                    }
-                }
-                return null;
+                var defaultAuthenticator = ProxyManager.defaultAuthenticator;
+                return defaultAuthenticator != null ? defaultAuthenticator.getPasswordAuthentication() : null;
            }
        });
+
+        defaultProxySelector = getProxySelector();
+        InvalidationListener updateProxySelector = observable -> defaultProxySelector = getProxySelector();
+        config().proxyTypeProperty().addListener(updateProxySelector);
+        config().proxyHostProperty().addListener(updateProxySelector);
+        config().proxyPortProperty().addListener(updateProxySelector);
+        config().hasProxyProperty().addListener(updateProxySelector);
+
+        defaultAuthenticator = getAuthenticator();
+        InvalidationListener updateAuthenticator = observable -> defaultAuthenticator = getAuthenticator();
+        config().hasProxyProperty().addListener(updateAuthenticator);
+        config().hasProxyAuthProperty().addListener(updateAuthenticator);
+        config().proxyUserProperty().addListener(updateAuthenticator);
+        config().proxyPassProperty().addListener(updateAuthenticator);
    }

-    private static void updateSystemProxy() {
-        Proxy proxy = proxyProperty.get();
-        if (proxy.type() == Proxy.Type.DIRECT) {
-            System.clearProperty("http.proxyHost");
-            System.clearProperty("http.proxyPort");
-            System.clearProperty("https.proxyHost");
-            System.clearProperty("https.proxyPort");
-            System.clearProperty("socksProxyHost");
-            System.clearProperty("socksProxyPort");
-        } else {
-            InetSocketAddress address = (InetSocketAddress) proxy.address();
-            String host = address.getHostString();
-            String port = String.valueOf(address.getPort());
-            if (proxy.type() == Type.HTTP) {
-                System.clearProperty("socksProxyHost");
-                System.clearProperty("socksProxyPort");
-                System.setProperty("http.proxyHost", host);
-                System.setProperty("http.proxyPort", port);
-                System.setProperty("https.proxyHost", host);
-                System.setProperty("https.proxyPort", port);
-            } else if (proxy.type() == Type.SOCKS) {
-                System.clearProperty("http.proxyHost");
-                System.clearProperty("http.proxyPort");
-                System.clearProperty("https.proxyHost");
-                System.clearProperty("https.proxyPort");
-                System.setProperty("socksProxyHost", host);
-                System.setProperty("socksProxyPort", port);
+    private static abstract class AbstractProxySelector extends ProxySelector {
+        @Override
+        public void connectFailed(URI uri, SocketAddress sa, IOException ioe) {
+            if (uri == null || sa == null || ioe == null) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Arguments can't be null.");
            }
        }
    }
+
+    private static final class SimpleProxySelector extends AbstractProxySelector {
+        private final List<Proxy> proxies;
+
+        SimpleProxySelector(Proxy proxy) {
+            this.proxies = List.of(proxy);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public List<Proxy> select(URI uri) {
+            if (uri == null)
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("URI can't be null.");
+            return proxies;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "SimpleProxySelector" + proxies;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Wraps another ProxySelector to avoid using proxy for loopback addresses.
+    private static final class ProxySelectorWrapper extends AbstractProxySelector {
+        private final ProxySelector source;
+
+        ProxySelectorWrapper(ProxySelector source) {
+            this.source = source;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public List<Proxy> select(URI uri) {
+            if (uri == null)
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("URI can't be null.");
+
+            if (NetworkUtils.isLoopbackAddress(uri))
+                return NO_PROXY.proxies;
+
+            return source.select(uri);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class SimpleAuthenticator extends Authenticator {
+        private final String username;
+        private final char[] password;
+
+        private SimpleAuthenticator(String username, char[] password) {
+            this.username = username;
+            this.password = password;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
+            return getRequestorType() == RequestorType.PROXY ? new PasswordAuthentication(username, password) : null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private ProxyManager() {
+    }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting;
+
+import javafx.beans.binding.Bindings;
+import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
+import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
+import javafx.scene.Scene;
+import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
+
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Base64;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder.config;
+
+/**
+ * @author Glavo
+ */
+public final class StyleSheets {
+    private static final int FONT_STYLE_SHEET_INDEX = 0;
+    private static final int THEME_STYLE_SHEET_INDEX = 1;
+
+    private static final ObservableList<String> stylesheets;
+
+    static {
+        String[] array = new String[]{
+                getFontStyleSheet(),
+                getThemeStyleSheet(),
+                "/assets/css/root.css"
+        };
+        stylesheets = FXCollections.observableList(Arrays.asList(array));
+
+        FontManager.fontProperty().addListener(o -> stylesheets.set(FONT_STYLE_SHEET_INDEX, getFontStyleSheet()));
+        config().themeProperty().addListener(o -> stylesheets.set(THEME_STYLE_SHEET_INDEX, getThemeStyleSheet()));
+    }
+
+    private static String toStyleSheetUri(String styleSheet) {
+        return "data:text/css;charset=UTF-8;base64," + Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(styleSheet.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+    }
+
+    private static String getFontStyleSheet() {
+        final String defaultCss = "/assets/css/font.css";
+        final FontManager.FontReference font = FontManager.getFont();
+
+        if (font == null || "System".equals(font.getFamily()))
+            return defaultCss;
+
+        String fontFamily = font.getFamily();
+        String style = font.getStyle();
+        String weight = null;
+        String posture = null;
+
+        if (style != null) {
+            style = style.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+
+            if (style.contains("thin"))
+                weight = "100";
+            else if (style.contains("extralight") || style.contains("extra light") || style.contains("ultralight") | style.contains("ultra light"))
+                weight = "200";
+            else if (style.contains("medium"))
+                weight = "500";
+            else if (style.contains("semibold") || style.contains("semi bold") || style.contains("demibold") || style.contains("demi bold"))
+                weight = "600";
+            else if (style.contains("extrabold") || style.contains("extra bold") || style.contains("ultrabold") || style.contains("ultra bold"))
+                weight = "800";
+            else if (style.contains("black") || style.contains("heavy"))
+                weight = "900";
+            else if (style.contains("light"))
+                weight = "lighter";
+            else if (style.contains("bold"))
+                weight = "bold";
+
+            posture = style.contains("italic") || style.contains("oblique") ? "italic" : null;
+        }
+
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+        builder.append(".root {");
+        builder.append("-fx-font-family:\"").append(fontFamily).append("\";");
+
+        if (weight != null)
+            builder.append("-fx-font-weight:").append(weight).append(";");
+
+        if (posture != null)
+            builder.append("-fx-font-style:").append(posture).append(";");
+
+        builder.append('}');
+
+        return toStyleSheetUri(builder.toString());
+    }
+
+    private static String rgba(Color color, double opacity) {
+        return String.format("rgba(%d, %d, %d, %.1f)",
+                (int) Math.ceil(color.getRed() * 256),
+                (int) Math.ceil(color.getGreen() * 256),
+                (int) Math.ceil(color.getBlue() * 256),
+                opacity);
+    }
+
+    private static String getThemeStyleSheet() {
+        final String blueCss = "/assets/css/blue.css";
+
+        Theme theme = config().getTheme();
+        if (theme == null || theme.getPaint().equals(Theme.BLUE.getPaint()))
+            return blueCss;
+
+        return toStyleSheetUri(".root {" +
+                "-fx-base-color:" + theme.getColor() + ';' +
+                "-fx-base-darker-color: derive(-fx-base-color, -10%);" +
+                "-fx-base-check-color: derive(-fx-base-color, 30%);" +
+                "-fx-rippler-color:" + rgba(theme.getPaint(), 0.3) + ';' +
+                "-fx-base-rippler-color: derive(" + rgba(theme.getPaint(), 0.3) + ", 100%);" +
+                "-fx-base-disabled-text-fill:" + rgba(theme.getForegroundColor(), 0.7) + ";" +
+                "-fx-base-text-fill:" + Theme.getColorDisplayName(theme.getForegroundColor()) + ";" +
+                "-theme-thumb:" + rgba(theme.getPaint(), 0.7) + ";" +
+                '}');
+    }
+
+    public static void init(Scene scene) {
+        Bindings.bindContent(scene.getStylesheets(), stylesheets);
+    }
+
+    private StyleSheets() {
+    }
+}
@@ -23,31 +23,16 @@ import com.google.gson.stream.JsonWriter;
 import javafx.beans.binding.Bindings;
 import javafx.beans.binding.ObjectBinding;
 import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
-import javafx.scene.text.Font;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lazy;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Pair;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;

-import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.net.MalformedURLException;
-import java.nio.charset.Charset;
-import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
-import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.nio.file.Paths;
-import java.util.Base64;
 import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Optional;

 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder.config;
-import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;

@JsonAdapter(Theme.TypeAdapter.class)
-public class Theme {
+public final class Theme {
    public static final Theme BLUE = new Theme("blue", "#5C6BC0");
    public static final Color BLACK = Color.web("#292929");
    public static final Color[] SUGGESTED_COLORS = new Color[]{
@@ -59,42 +44,6 @@ public class Theme {
            Color.web("#B71C1C")  // red
    };

-    private static final Lazy<Font> FONT = new Lazy<>(() -> {
-        String[] fileNames = {"font.ttf", "font.otf", "font.woff"};
-
-        for (String fileName : fileNames) {
-            Path path = Paths.get(fileName).toAbsolutePath();
-            if (Files.isRegularFile(path)) {
-                try {
-                    Font font = Font.loadFont(path.toUri().toURL().toExternalForm(), 0);
-                    if (font != null) {
-                        return font;
-                    }
-                } catch (MalformedURLException ignored) {
-                }
-
-                LOG.warning("Failed to load font " + path);
-            }
-        }
-
-        for (String fileName : fileNames) {
-            Path path = Metadata.HMCL_DIRECTORY.resolve(fileName);
-            if (Files.isRegularFile(path)) {
-                try {
-                    Font font = Font.loadFont(path.toUri().toURL().toExternalForm(), 0);
-                    if (font != null) {
-                        return font;
-                    }
-                } catch (MalformedURLException ignored) {
-                }
-
-                LOG.warning("Failed to load font " + path);
-            }
-        }
-
-        return null;
-    });
-
    public static Theme getTheme() {
        Theme theme = config().getTheme();
        return theme == null ? BLUE : theme;
@@ -118,6 +67,10 @@ public class Theme {
        return color;
    }

+    public Color getPaint() {
+        return paint;
+    }
+
    public boolean isCustom() {
        return name.startsWith("#");
    }
@@ -130,119 +83,6 @@ public class Theme {
        return isLight() ? Color.BLACK : Color.WHITE;
    }

-    private static String rgba(Color color, double opacity) {
-        return String.format("rgba(%d, %d, %d, %.1f)",
-                (int) Math.ceil(color.getRed() * 256),
-                (int) Math.ceil(color.getGreen() * 256),
-                (int) Math.ceil(color.getBlue() * 256),
-                opacity);
-    }
-
-    private static Pair<String, String> parseFontStyle(String style) {
-        if (style == null) {
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        style = style.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
-
-        String weight;
-        String posture;
-
-        if (style.contains("thin")) {
-            weight = "100";
-        } else if (style.contains("extralight") || style.contains("extra light") || style.contains("ultralight") | style.contains("ultra light")) {
-            weight = "200";
-        } else if (style.contains("medium")) {
-            weight = "500";
-        } else if (style.contains("semibold") || style.contains("semi bold") || style.contains("demibold") || style.contains("demi bold")) {
-            weight = "600";
-        } else if (style.contains("extrabold") || style.contains("extra bold") || style.contains("ultrabold") || style.contains("ultra bold")) {
-            weight = "800";
-        } else if (style.contains("black") || style.contains("heavy")) {
-            weight = "900";
-        } else if (style.contains("light")) {
-            weight = "lighter";
-        } else if (style.contains("bold")) {
-            weight = "bold";
-        } else {
-            weight = null;
-        }
-
-        if (style.contains("italic") || style.contains("oblique")) {
-            posture = "italic";
-        } else {
-            posture = null;
-        }
-
-        return Pair.pair(weight, posture);
-    }
-
-    public String[] getStylesheets(String overrideFontFamily) {
-        String css = "/assets/css/blue.css";
-
-        String fontFamily = overrideFontFamily == null
-                ? System.getProperty("hmcl.font.override", System.getenv("HMCL_FONT"))
-                : overrideFontFamily;
-
-        Pair<String, String> fontStyle = null;
-        if (fontFamily == null) {
-            Font font = FONT.get();
-            if (font != null) {
-                fontFamily = font.getFamily();
-                fontStyle = parseFontStyle(font.getStyle());
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (fontFamily != null || !this.color.equalsIgnoreCase(BLUE.color)) {
-            Color textFill = getForegroundColor();
-
-            StringBuilder themeBuilder = new StringBuilder(512);
-            themeBuilder.append(".root {")
-                    .append("-fx-base-color:").append(color).append(';')
-                    .append("-fx-base-darker-color: derive(-fx-base-color, -10%);")
-                    .append("-fx-base-check-color: derive(-fx-base-color, 30%);")
-                    .append("-fx-rippler-color:").append(rgba(paint, 0.3)).append(';')
-                    .append("-fx-base-rippler-color: derive(").append(rgba(paint, 0.3)).append(", 100%);")
-                    .append("-fx-base-disabled-text-fill:").append(rgba(textFill, 0.7)).append(";")
-                    .append("-fx-base-text-fill:").append(getColorDisplayName(getForegroundColor())).append(";")
-                    .append("-theme-thumb:").append(rgba(paint, 0.7)).append(";");
-
-            if (fontFamily == null)
-                // https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/pull/3423
-                themeBuilder.append("-fx-font-family: -fx-base-font-family;");
-            else
-                themeBuilder.append("-fx-font-family:\"").append(fontFamily).append("\";");
-
-            if (fontStyle != null) {
-                if (fontStyle.getKey() != null)
-                    themeBuilder.append("-fx-font-weight:").append(fontStyle.getKey()).append(";");
-
-                if (fontStyle.getValue() != null)
-                    themeBuilder.append("-fx-font-style:").append(fontStyle.getValue()).append(";");
-            }
-
-            themeBuilder.append('}');
-
-            if (FXUtils.JAVAFX_MAJOR_VERSION >= 17)
-                // JavaFX 17+ support loading stylesheets from data URIs
-                // https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8267554
-                css = "data:text/css;charset=UTF-8;base64," + Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(themeBuilder.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
-            else
-                try {
-                    File temp = File.createTempFile("hmcl", ".css");
-                    // For JavaFX 17 or earlier, CssParser uses the default charset
-                    // https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8279328
-                    FileUtils.writeText(temp, themeBuilder.toString(), Charset.defaultCharset());
-                    temp.deleteOnExit();
-                    css = temp.toURI().toString();
-                } catch (IOException | NullPointerException e) {
-                    LOG.error("Unable to create theme stylesheet. Fallback to blue theme.", e);
-                }
-        }
-
-        return new String[]{css, "/assets/css/root.css"};
-    }
-
    public static Theme custom(String color) {
        if (!color.startsWith("#"))
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 package org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting;

 import javafx.scene.image.Image;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.ModLoaderType;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;

 public enum VersionIconType {
@@ -33,10 +34,24 @@ public enum VersionIconType {
    FORGE("/assets/img/forge.png"),
    NEO_FORGE("/assets/img/neoforge.png"),
    FURNACE("/assets/img/furnace.png"),
-    QUILT("/assets/img/quilt.png");
+    QUILT("/assets/img/quilt.png"),
+    APRIL_FOOLS("/assets/img/april_fools.png"),
+    CLEANROOM("/assets/img/cleanroom.png");

    // Please append new items at last

+    public static VersionIconType getIconType(ModLoaderType modLoaderType) {
+        return switch (modLoaderType) {
+            case FORGE -> VersionIconType.FORGE;
+            case NEO_FORGED -> VersionIconType.NEO_FORGE;
+            case FABRIC -> VersionIconType.FABRIC;
+            case QUILT -> VersionIconType.QUILT;
+            case LITE_LOADER -> VersionIconType.CHICKEN;
+            case CLEANROOM -> VersionIconType.CLEANROOM;
+            default -> VersionIconType.COMMAND;
+        };
+    }
+
    private final String resourceUrl;

    VersionIconType(String resourceUrl) {
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.javafx.ObservableHelper;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.javafx.PropertyUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.java.JavaRuntime;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.SystemInfo;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.versioning.GameVersionNumber;

 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ import java.nio.file.Paths;
 import java.util.*;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;

+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.DataSizeUnit.MEGABYTES;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;

 /**
@@ -47,7 +48,16 @@ import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
@JsonAdapter(VersionSetting.Serializer.class)
 public final class VersionSetting implements Cloneable, Observable {

-    private transient ObservableHelper helper = new ObservableHelper(this);
+    private static final int SUGGESTED_MEMORY;
+
+    static {
+        double totalMemoryMB = MEGABYTES.convertFromBytes(SystemInfo.getTotalMemorySize());
+        SUGGESTED_MEMORY = totalMemoryMB >= 32768
+                ? 8192
+                : Integer.max((int) (Math.round(totalMemoryMB / 4.0 / 128.0) * 128), 256);
+    }
+
+    private final transient ObservableHelper helper = new ObservableHelper(this);

    public VersionSetting() {
        PropertyUtils.attachListener(this, helper);
@@ -219,7 +229,7 @@ public final class VersionSetting implements Cloneable, Observable {
        permSizeProperty.set(permSize);
    }

-    private final IntegerProperty maxMemoryProperty = new SimpleIntegerProperty(this, "maxMemory", OperatingSystem.SUGGESTED_MEMORY);
+    private final IntegerProperty maxMemoryProperty = new SimpleIntegerProperty(this, "maxMemory", SUGGESTED_MEMORY);

    public IntegerProperty maxMemoryProperty() {
        return maxMemoryProperty;
@@ -370,6 +380,20 @@ public final class VersionSetting implements Cloneable, Observable {
        noJVMArgsProperty.set(noJVMArgs);
    }

+    private final BooleanProperty noOptimizingJVMArgsProperty = new SimpleBooleanProperty(this, "noOptimizingJVMArgs", false);
+
+    public BooleanProperty noOptimizingJVMArgsProperty() {
+        return noOptimizingJVMArgsProperty;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isNoOptimizingJVMArgs() {
+        return noOptimizingJVMArgsProperty.get();
+    }
+
+    public void setNoOptimizingJVMArgs(boolean noOptimizingJVMArgs) {
+        noOptimizingJVMArgsProperty.set(noOptimizingJVMArgs);
+    }
+
    private final BooleanProperty notCheckJVMProperty = new SimpleBooleanProperty(this, "notCheckJVM", false);

    public BooleanProperty notCheckJVMProperty() {
@@ -734,7 +758,7 @@ public final class VersionSetting implements Cloneable, Observable {
            obj.addProperty("javaArgs", src.getJavaArgs());
            obj.addProperty("minecraftArgs", src.getMinecraftArgs());
            obj.addProperty("environmentVariables", src.getEnvironmentVariables());
-            obj.addProperty("maxMemory", src.getMaxMemory() <= 0 ? OperatingSystem.SUGGESTED_MEMORY : src.getMaxMemory());
+            obj.addProperty("maxMemory", src.getMaxMemory() <= 0 ? SUGGESTED_MEMORY : src.getMaxMemory());
            obj.addProperty("minMemory", src.getMinMemory());
            obj.addProperty("autoMemory", src.isAutoMemory());
            obj.addProperty("permSize", src.getPermSize());
@@ -747,6 +771,7 @@ public final class VersionSetting implements Cloneable, Observable {
            obj.addProperty("wrapper", src.getWrapper());
            obj.addProperty("fullscreen", src.isFullscreen());
            obj.addProperty("noJVMArgs", src.isNoJVMArgs());
+            obj.addProperty("noOptimizingJVMArgs", src.isNoOptimizingJVMArgs());
            obj.addProperty("notCheckGame", src.isNotCheckGame());
            obj.addProperty("notCheckJVM", src.isNotCheckJVM());
            obj.addProperty("notPatchNatives", src.isNotPatchNatives());
@@ -787,22 +812,14 @@ public final class VersionSetting implements Cloneable, Observable {
            return obj;
        }

-        private static <T> T getOrDefault(T[] values, JsonElement index, T defaultValue) {
-            if (index == null)
-                return defaultValue;
-
-            int idx = index.getAsInt();
-            return idx >= 0 && idx < values.length ? values[idx] : defaultValue;
-        }
-
        @Override
        public VersionSetting deserialize(JsonElement json, Type typeOfT, JsonDeserializationContext context) throws JsonParseException {
            if (!(json instanceof JsonObject))
                return null;
            JsonObject obj = (JsonObject) json;

-            int maxMemoryN = parseJsonPrimitive(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("maxMemory")).map(JsonElement::getAsJsonPrimitive).orElse(null), OperatingSystem.SUGGESTED_MEMORY);
-            if (maxMemoryN <= 0) maxMemoryN = OperatingSystem.SUGGESTED_MEMORY;
+            int maxMemoryN = parseJsonPrimitive(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("maxMemory")).map(JsonElement::getAsJsonPrimitive).orElse(null), SUGGESTED_MEMORY);
+            if (maxMemoryN <= 0) maxMemoryN = SUGGESTED_MEMORY;

            VersionSetting vs = new VersionSetting();

@@ -825,18 +842,19 @@ public final class VersionSetting implements Cloneable, Observable {
            vs.setNativesDir(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("nativesDir")).map(JsonElement::getAsString).orElse(""));
            vs.setFullscreen(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("fullscreen")).map(JsonElement::getAsBoolean).orElse(false));
            vs.setNoJVMArgs(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("noJVMArgs")).map(JsonElement::getAsBoolean).orElse(false));
+            vs.setNoOptimizingJVMArgs(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("noOptimizingJVMArgs")).map(JsonElement::getAsBoolean).orElse(false));
            vs.setNotCheckGame(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("notCheckGame")).map(JsonElement::getAsBoolean).orElse(false));
            vs.setNotCheckJVM(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("notCheckJVM")).map(JsonElement::getAsBoolean).orElse(false));
            vs.setNotPatchNatives(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("notPatchNatives")).map(JsonElement::getAsBoolean).orElse(false));
            vs.setShowLogs(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("showLogs")).map(JsonElement::getAsBoolean).orElse(false));
-            vs.setLauncherVisibility(getOrDefault(LauncherVisibility.values(), obj.get("launcherVisibility"), LauncherVisibility.HIDE));
-            vs.setProcessPriority(getOrDefault(ProcessPriority.values(), obj.get("processPriority"), ProcessPriority.NORMAL));
+            vs.setLauncherVisibility(parseJsonPrimitive(obj.getAsJsonPrimitive("launcherVisibility"), LauncherVisibility.class, LauncherVisibility.HIDE));
+            vs.setProcessPriority(parseJsonPrimitive(obj.getAsJsonPrimitive("processPriority"), ProcessPriority.class, ProcessPriority.NORMAL));
            vs.setUseNativeGLFW(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("useNativeGLFW")).map(JsonElement::getAsBoolean).orElse(false));
            vs.setUseNativeOpenAL(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("useNativeOpenAL")).map(JsonElement::getAsBoolean).orElse(false));
-            vs.setGameDirType(getOrDefault(GameDirectoryType.values(), obj.get("gameDirType"), GameDirectoryType.ROOT_FOLDER));
+            vs.setGameDirType(parseJsonPrimitive(obj.getAsJsonPrimitive("gameDirType"), GameDirectoryType.class, GameDirectoryType.ROOT_FOLDER));
            vs.setDefaultJavaPath(Optional.ofNullable(obj.get("defaultJavaPath")).map(JsonElement::getAsString).orElse(null));
-            vs.setNativesDirType(getOrDefault(NativesDirectoryType.values(), obj.get("nativesDirType"), NativesDirectoryType.VERSION_FOLDER));
-            vs.setVersionIcon(getOrDefault(VersionIconType.values(), obj.get("versionIcon"), VersionIconType.DEFAULT));
+            vs.setNativesDirType(parseJsonPrimitive(obj.getAsJsonPrimitive("nativesDirType"), NativesDirectoryType.class, NativesDirectoryType.VERSION_FOLDER));
+            vs.setVersionIcon(parseJsonPrimitive(obj.getAsJsonPrimitive("versionIcon"), VersionIconType.class, VersionIconType.DEFAULT));

            if (obj.get("javaVersionType") != null) {
                JavaVersionType javaVersionType = parseJsonPrimitive(obj.getAsJsonPrimitive("javaVersionType"), JavaVersionType.class, JavaVersionType.AUTO);
@@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025  huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta;
+
+import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
+import com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken;
+import javafx.application.Platform;
+import javafx.beans.property.ReadOnlyDoubleWrapper;
+import javafx.beans.property.ReadOnlyObjectProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.ReadOnlyObjectWrapper;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.Account;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.Accounts;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.DownloadException;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.GetTask;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Schedulers;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.provider.ITerracottaProvider;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.InvocationDispatcher;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.ManagedProcess;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.SystemUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.tree.TarFileTree;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport;
+
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
+
+public final class TerracottaManager {
+    private TerracottaManager() {
+    }
+
+    private static final AtomicReference<TerracottaState> STATE_V = new AtomicReference<>(TerracottaState.Bootstrap.INSTANCE);
+    private static final ReadOnlyObjectWrapper<TerracottaState> STATE = new ReadOnlyObjectWrapper<>(STATE_V.getPlain());
+    private static final InvocationDispatcher<TerracottaState> STATE_D = InvocationDispatcher.runOn(Platform::runLater, STATE::set);
+
+    static {
+        Schedulers.io().execute(() -> {
+            try {
+                if (TerracottaMetadata.PROVIDER == null)
+                    throw new IOException("Unsupported platform: " + org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.Platform.CURRENT_PLATFORM);
+
+                switch (TerracottaMetadata.PROVIDER.status()) {
+                    case NOT_EXIST -> setState(new TerracottaState.Uninitialized(false));
+                    case LEGACY_VERSION -> setState(new TerracottaState.Uninitialized(true));
+                    case READY -> launch(setState(new TerracottaState.Launching()));
+                }
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                compareAndSet(TerracottaState.Bootstrap.INSTANCE, new TerracottaState.Fatal(TerracottaState.Fatal.Type.UNKNOWN));
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public static ReadOnlyObjectProperty<TerracottaState> stateProperty() {
+        return STATE.getReadOnlyProperty();
+    }
+
+    static {
+        Lang.thread(() -> {
+            while (true) {
+                TerracottaState state = STATE_V.get();
+                if (!(state instanceof TerracottaState.PortSpecific portSpecific)) {
+                    LockSupport.parkNanos(500_000);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                int port = portSpecific.port;
+                int index = state instanceof TerracottaState.Ready ready ? ready.index : Integer.MIN_VALUE;
+
+                TerracottaState next;
+                try {
+                    next = new GetTask(URI.create(String.format("http://127.0.0.1:%d/state", port)))
+                            .setSignificance(Task.TaskSignificance.MINOR)
+                            .thenApplyAsync(jsonString -> {
+                                TerracottaState.Ready object = JsonUtils.fromNonNullJson(jsonString, TypeToken.get(TerracottaState.Ready.class));
+                                if (object.index <= index) {
+                                    return null;
+                                }
+
+                                object.port = port;
+                                return object;
+                            })
+                            .setSignificance(Task.TaskSignificance.MINOR)
+                            .run();
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    LOG.warning("Cannot fetch state from Terracotta.", e);
+                    next = new TerracottaState.Fatal(TerracottaState.Fatal.Type.TERRACOTTA);
+                }
+
+                if (next != null) {
+                    compareAndSet(state, next);
+                }
+
+                LockSupport.parkNanos(500_000);
+            }
+        }, "Terracotta Background Daemon", true);
+    }
+
+    public static boolean validate(Path file) {
+        return FileUtils.getName(file).equalsIgnoreCase(TerracottaMetadata.PACKAGE_NAME);
+    }
+
+    public static TerracottaState.Preparing install(@Nullable Path file) {
+        FXUtils.checkFxUserThread();
+
+        TerracottaState state = STATE_V.get();
+        if (!(state instanceof TerracottaState.Uninitialized ||
+                state instanceof TerracottaState.Preparing preparing && preparing.hasInstallFence() ||
+                state instanceof TerracottaState.Fatal && ((TerracottaState.Fatal) state).isRecoverable())
+        ) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (file != null && !FileUtils.getName(file).equalsIgnoreCase(TerracottaMetadata.PACKAGE_NAME)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        TerracottaState.Preparing preparing = new TerracottaState.Preparing(new ReadOnlyDoubleWrapper(-1));
+
+        Task.supplyAsync(Schedulers.io(), () -> {
+            return file != null ? TarFileTree.open(file) : null;
+        }).thenComposeAsync(Schedulers.javafx(), tree -> {
+            return getProvider().install(preparing, tree).whenComplete(exception -> {
+                if (tree != null) {
+                    tree.close();
+                }
+                if (exception != null) {
+                    throw exception;
+                }
+            });
+        }).whenComplete(exception -> {
+            if (exception == null) {
+                try {
+                    TerracottaMetadata.removeLegacyVersionFiles();
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    LOG.warning("Unable to remove legacy terracotta files.", e);
+                }
+
+                TerracottaState.Launching launching = new TerracottaState.Launching();
+                if (compareAndSet(preparing, launching)) {
+                    launch(launching);
+                }
+            } else if (exception instanceof CancellationException) {
+            } else if (exception instanceof ITerracottaProvider.ArchiveFileMissingException) {
+                LOG.warning("Cannot install terracotta from local package.", exception);
+                compareAndSet(preparing, new TerracottaState.Fatal(TerracottaState.Fatal.Type.INSTALL));
+            } else if (exception instanceof DownloadException) {
+                compareAndSet(preparing, new TerracottaState.Fatal(TerracottaState.Fatal.Type.NETWORK));
+            } else {
+                compareAndSet(preparing, new TerracottaState.Fatal(TerracottaState.Fatal.Type.INSTALL));
+            }
+        }).start();
+
+        return compareAndSet(state, preparing) ? preparing : null;
+    }
+
+    private static ITerracottaProvider getProvider() {
+        ITerracottaProvider provider = TerracottaMetadata.PROVIDER;
+        if (provider == null) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Terracotta Provider must NOT be null.");
+        }
+        return provider;
+    }
+
+    public static TerracottaState recover(@Nullable Path file) {
+        FXUtils.checkFxUserThread();
+
+        TerracottaState state = STATE_V.get();
+        if (!(state instanceof TerracottaState.Fatal && ((TerracottaState.Fatal) state).isRecoverable())) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            return switch (getProvider().status()) {
+                case NOT_EXIST, LEGACY_VERSION -> install(file);
+                case READY -> {
+                    TerracottaState.Launching launching = setState(new TerracottaState.Launching());
+                    launch(launching);
+                    yield launching;
+                }
+            };
+        } catch (NullPointerException | IOException e) {
+            LOG.warning("Cannot determine Terracotta state.", e);
+            return setState(new TerracottaState.Fatal(TerracottaState.Fatal.Type.UNKNOWN));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void launch(TerracottaState.Launching state) {
+        Task.supplyAsync(() -> {
+            Path path = Files.createTempDirectory(String.format("hmcl-terracotta-%d", ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextLong())).resolve("http").toAbsolutePath();
+            ManagedProcess process = new ManagedProcess(new ProcessBuilder(getProvider().ofCommandLine(path)));
+            process.pumpInputStream(SystemUtils::onLogLine);
+            process.pumpErrorStream(SystemUtils::onLogLine);
+
+            long exitTime = -1;
+            while (true) {
+                if (Files.exists(path)) {
+                    JsonObject object = JsonUtils.fromNonNullJson(Files.readString(path), JsonObject.class);
+                    return object.get("port").getAsInt();
+                }
+
+                if (!process.isRunning()) {
+                    if (exitTime == -1) {
+                        exitTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+                    } else if (System.currentTimeMillis() - exitTime >= 10000) {
+                        throw new IllegalStateException("Process has exited for 10s.");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }).whenComplete(Schedulers.javafx(), (port, exception) -> {
+            TerracottaState next;
+            if (exception == null) {
+                next = new TerracottaState.Unknown(port);
+            } else {
+                next = new TerracottaState.Fatal(TerracottaState.Fatal.Type.TERRACOTTA);
+            }
+            compareAndSet(state, next);
+        }).start();
+    }
+
+    public static Task<String> exportLogs() {
+        if (STATE_V.get() instanceof TerracottaState.PortSpecific portSpecific) {
+            return new GetTask(URI.create(String.format("http://127.0.0.1:%d/log?fetch=true", portSpecific.port)))
+                    .setSignificance(Task.TaskSignificance.MINOR);
+        }
+        return Task.completed(null);
+    }
+
+    public static TerracottaState.Waiting setWaiting() {
+        TerracottaState state = STATE_V.get();
+        if (state instanceof TerracottaState.PortSpecific portSpecific) {
+            new GetTask(URI.create(String.format("http://127.0.0.1:%d/state/ide", portSpecific.port)))
+                    .setSignificance(Task.TaskSignificance.MINOR)
+                    .start();
+            return new TerracottaState.Waiting(-1, -1, null);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static String getPlayerName() {
+        Account account = Accounts.getSelectedAccount();
+        return account != null ? account.getCharacter() : i18n("terracotta.player_anonymous");
+    }
+
+    public static TerracottaState.HostScanning setScanning() {
+        TerracottaState state = STATE_V.get();
+        if (state instanceof TerracottaState.PortSpecific portSpecific) {
+            new GetTask(NetworkUtils.toURI(String.format(
+                    "http://127.0.0.1:%d/state/scanning?player=%s", portSpecific.port, getPlayerName()))
+            ).setSignificance(Task.TaskSignificance.MINOR).start();
+
+            return new TerracottaState.HostScanning(-1, -1, null);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public static Task<TerracottaState.GuestStarting> setGuesting(String room) {
+        TerracottaState state = STATE_V.get();
+        if (state instanceof TerracottaState.PortSpecific portSpecific) {
+            return new GetTask(NetworkUtils.toURI(String.format(
+                    "http://127.0.0.1:%d/state/guesting?room=%s&player=%s", portSpecific.port, room, getPlayerName()
+            )))
+                    .setSignificance(Task.TaskSignificance.MINOR)
+                    .thenSupplyAsync(() -> new TerracottaState.GuestStarting(-1, -1, null))
+                    .setSignificance(Task.TaskSignificance.MINOR);
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static <T extends TerracottaState> T setState(T value) {
+        if (value == null) {
+            throw new AssertionError();
+        }
+
+        STATE_V.set(value);
+        STATE_D.accept(value);
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean compareAndSet(TerracottaState previous, TerracottaState next) {
+        if (next == null) {
+            throw new AssertionError();
+        }
+
+        if (STATE_V.compareAndSet(previous, next)) {
+            STATE_D.accept(next);
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025  huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta;
+
+import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.FileDownloadTask;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.provider.GeneralProvider;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.provider.ITerracottaProvider;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.provider.MacOSProvider;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.LocaleUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.LocalizedText;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.Architecture;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OSVersion;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.nio.file.DirectoryStream;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
+
+public final class TerracottaMetadata {
+    private TerracottaMetadata() {
+    }
+
+    public record Link(@SerializedName("desc") LocalizedText description, String link) {
+    }
+
+    private record Config(
+            @SerializedName("version_legacy") String legacy,
+            @SerializedName("version_recent") List<String> recent,
+            @SerializedName("version_latest") String latest,
+
+            @SerializedName("classifiers") Map<String, String> classifiers,
+            @SerializedName("downloads") List<String> downloads,
+            @SerializedName("downloads_CN") List<String> downloadsCN,
+            @SerializedName("links") List<Link> links
+    ) {
+        private @Nullable TerracottaNative of(String classifier) {
+            String hash = this.classifiers.get(classifier);
+            if (hash == null)
+                return null;
+
+            if (!hash.startsWith("sha256:"))
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("Invalid hash value %s for classifier %s.", hash, classifier));
+            hash = hash.substring("sha256:".length());
+
+            List<URI> links = new ArrayList<>(this.downloads.size() + this.downloadsCN.size());
+            for (String download : LocaleUtils.IS_CHINA_MAINLAND
+                    ? Lang.merge(this.downloadsCN, this.downloads)
+                    : Lang.merge(this.downloads, this.downloadsCN)) {
+                links.add(URI.create(download.replace("${version}", this.latest).replace("${classifier}", classifier)));
+            }
+
+            return new TerracottaNative(
+                    Collections.unmodifiableList(links),
+                    Metadata.DEPENDENCIES_DIRECTORY.resolve(
+                            String.format("terracotta/%s/terracotta-%s-%s", this.latest, this.latest, classifier)
+                    ).toAbsolutePath(),
+                    new FileDownloadTask.IntegrityCheck("SHA-256", hash)
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final ITerracottaProvider PROVIDER;
+    public static final String PACKAGE_NAME;
+    public static final List<Link> PACKAGE_LINKS;
+    public static final String FEEDBACK_LINK = NetworkUtils.withQuery("https://docs.hmcl.net/multiplayer/feedback.html", Map.of(
+            "v", "v1",
+            "launcher_version", Metadata.VERSION
+    ));
+
+    private static final Pattern LEGACY;
+    private static final List<String> RECENT;
+    private static final String LATEST;
+
+    static {
+        Config config;
+        try (InputStream is = TerracottaMetadata.class.getResourceAsStream("/assets/terracotta.json")) {
+            config = JsonUtils.fromNonNullJsonFully(is, Config.class);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
+        }
+
+        LEGACY = Pattern.compile(config.legacy);
+        RECENT = config.recent;
+        LATEST = config.latest;
+
+        ProviderContext context = locateProvider(config);
+        PROVIDER = context != null ? context.provider() : null;
+        PACKAGE_NAME = context != null ? String.format("terracotta-%s-%s-pkg.tar.gz", config.latest, context.branch) : null;
+
+        if (context != null) {
+            List<Link> packageLinks = new ArrayList<>(config.links.size());
+            for (Link link : config.links) {
+                packageLinks.add(new Link(
+                        link.description,
+                        link.link.replace("${version}", LATEST)
+                                .replace("${classifier}", context.branch)
+                ));
+            }
+
+            Collections.shuffle(packageLinks);
+            PACKAGE_LINKS = Collections.unmodifiableList(packageLinks);
+        } else {
+            PACKAGE_LINKS = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private record ProviderContext(ITerracottaProvider provider, String branch) {
+        ProviderContext(ITerracottaProvider provider, String system, String arch) {
+            this(provider, system + "-" + arch);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private static ProviderContext locateProvider(Config config) {
+        String arch = Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH.getCheckedName();
+        return switch (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS) {
+            case WINDOWS -> {
+                if (!OperatingSystem.SYSTEM_VERSION.isAtLeast(OSVersion.WINDOWS_10))
+                    yield null;
+
+                TerracottaNative target = config.of("windows-%s.exe".formatted(arch));
+                yield target != null
+                        ? new ProviderContext(new GeneralProvider(target), "windows", arch)
+                        : null;
+            }
+            case LINUX -> {
+                TerracottaNative target = config.of("linux-%s".formatted(arch));
+                yield target != null
+                        ? new ProviderContext(new GeneralProvider(target), "linux", arch)
+                        : null;
+            }
+            case MACOS -> {
+                TerracottaNative installer = config.of("macos-%s.pkg".formatted(arch));
+                TerracottaNative binary = config.of("macos-%s".formatted(arch));
+
+                yield installer != null && binary != null
+                        ? new ProviderContext(new MacOSProvider(installer, binary), "macos", arch)
+                        : null;
+            }
+            default -> null;
+        };
+    }
+
+    public static void removeLegacyVersionFiles() throws IOException {
+        try (DirectoryStream<Path> terracotta = Files.newDirectoryStream(Metadata.DEPENDENCIES_DIRECTORY.resolve("terracotta").toAbsolutePath())) {
+            for (Path path : terracotta) {
+                String name = FileUtils.getName(path);
+                if (LATEST.equals(name) || RECENT.contains(name) || !LEGACY.matcher(name).matches()) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                try {
+                    FileUtils.deleteDirectory(path);
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    LOG.warning(String.format("Unable to remove legacy terracotta files: %s", path), e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static boolean hasLegacyVersionFiles() throws IOException {
+        try (DirectoryStream<Path> terracotta = Files.newDirectoryStream(Metadata.DEPENDENCIES_DIRECTORY.resolve("terracotta").toAbsolutePath())) {
+            for (Path path : terracotta) {
+                String name = FileUtils.getName(path);
+                if (!LATEST.equals(name) && (RECENT.contains(name) || LEGACY.matcher(name).matches())) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025  huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta;
+
+import kala.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveEntry;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.FileDownloadTask;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.provider.ITerracottaProvider;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.DigestUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.tree.TarFileTree;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.security.MessageDigest;
+import java.util.HexFormat;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException;
+
+public final class TerracottaNative {
+    private final List<URI> links;
+    private final FileDownloadTask.IntegrityCheck checking;
+    private final Path path;
+
+    public TerracottaNative(List<URI> links, Path path, FileDownloadTask.IntegrityCheck checking) {
+        this.links = links;
+        this.path = path;
+        this.checking = checking;
+    }
+
+    public Path getPath() {
+        return path;
+    }
+
+    public Task<?> install(ITerracottaProvider.Context context, @Nullable TarFileTree tree) {
+        if (tree == null) {
+            return new FileDownloadTask(links, path, checking) {
+                @Override
+                protected Context getContext(HttpResponse<?> response, boolean checkETag, String bmclapiHash) throws IOException {
+                    Context delegate = super.getContext(response, checkETag, bmclapiHash);
+                    return new Context() {
+                        @Override
+                        public void withResult(boolean success) {
+                            delegate.withResult(success);
+                        }
+
+                        @Override
+                        public void write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int len) throws IOException {
+                            if (!context.hasInstallFence()) {
+                                throw new CancellationException("User has installed terracotta from local archives.");
+                            }
+                            delegate.write(buffer, offset, len);
+                        }
+
+                        @Override
+                        public void close() throws IOException {
+                            if (isSuccess() && !context.requestInstallFence()) {
+                                throw new CancellationException();
+                            }
+
+                            delegate.close();
+                        }
+                    };
+                }
+            };
+        }
+
+        return Task.runAsync(() -> {
+            String name = FileUtils.getName(path);
+            TarArchiveEntry entry = tree.getRoot().getFiles().get(name);
+            if (entry == null) {
+                throw new ITerracottaProvider.ArchiveFileMissingException("Cannot exact entry: " + name);
+            }
+
+            if (!context.requestInstallFence()) {
+                throw new CancellationException();
+            }
+
+            Files.createDirectories(path.toAbsolutePath().getParent());
+
+            MessageDigest digest = DigestUtils.getDigest(checking.getAlgorithm());
+            try (
+                    InputStream stream = tree.getInputStream(entry);
+                    OutputStream os = Files.newOutputStream(path)
+            ) {
+                stream.transferTo(new OutputStream() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void write(int b) throws IOException {
+                        os.write(b);
+                        digest.update((byte) b);
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void write(byte @NotNull [] buffer, int offset, int len) throws IOException {
+                        os.write(buffer, offset, len);
+                        digest.update(buffer, offset, len);
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+            String checksum = HexFormat.of().formatHex(digest.digest());
+            if (!checksum.equalsIgnoreCase(checking.getChecksum())) {
+                Files.delete(path);
+                throw new ITerracottaProvider.ArchiveFileMissingException("Incorrect checksum (" + checking.getAlgorithm() + "), expected: " + checking.getChecksum() + ", actual: " + checksum);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public ITerracottaProvider.Status status() throws IOException {
+        if (Files.exists(path)) {
+            if (DigestUtils.digestToString(checking.getAlgorithm(), path).equalsIgnoreCase(checking.getChecksum())) {
+                return ITerracottaProvider.Status.READY;
+            }
+        }
+
+        try {
+            if (TerracottaMetadata.hasLegacyVersionFiles()) {
+                return ITerracottaProvider.Status.LEGACY_VERSION;
+            }
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            Logger.LOG.warning("Cannot determine whether legacy versions exist.");
+        }
+        return ITerracottaProvider.Status.NOT_EXIST;
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025  huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta;
+
+import com.google.gson.JsonParseException;
+import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;
+import javafx.beans.property.ReadOnlyDoubleProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.ReadOnlyDoubleWrapper;
+import javafx.beans.value.ObservableValue;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.profile.TerracottaProfile;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.provider.ITerracottaProvider;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonSubtype;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonType;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.TolerableValidationException;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.Validation;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+
+public abstract sealed class TerracottaState {
+    protected TerracottaState() {
+    }
+
+    public boolean isUIFakeState() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isForkOf(TerracottaState state) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public static final class Bootstrap extends TerracottaState {
+        static final Bootstrap INSTANCE = new Bootstrap();
+
+        private Bootstrap() {
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class Uninitialized extends TerracottaState {
+        private final boolean hasLegacy;
+
+        Uninitialized(boolean hasLegacy) {
+            this.hasLegacy = hasLegacy;
+        }
+
+        public boolean hasLegacy() {
+            return hasLegacy;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class Preparing extends TerracottaState implements ITerracottaProvider.Context {
+        private final ReadOnlyDoubleWrapper progress;
+
+        private final AtomicBoolean installFence = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+
+        Preparing(ReadOnlyDoubleWrapper progress) {
+            this.progress = progress;
+        }
+
+        public ReadOnlyDoubleProperty progressProperty() {
+            return progress.getReadOnlyProperty();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void bindProgress(ObservableValue<? extends Number> value) {
+            progress.bind(value);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean requestInstallFence() {
+            return installFence.compareAndSet(false, true);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean hasInstallFence() {
+            return !installFence.get();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class Launching extends TerracottaState {
+        Launching() {
+        }
+    }
+
+    static abstract sealed class PortSpecific extends TerracottaState {
+        transient int port;
+
+        protected PortSpecific(int port) {
+            this.port = port;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @JsonType(
+            property = "state",
+            subtypes = {
+                    @JsonSubtype(clazz = Waiting.class, name = "waiting"),
+                    @JsonSubtype(clazz = HostScanning.class, name = "host-scanning"),
+                    @JsonSubtype(clazz = HostStarting.class, name = "host-starting"),
+                    @JsonSubtype(clazz = HostOK.class, name = "host-ok"),
+                    @JsonSubtype(clazz = GuestStarting.class, name = "guest-connecting"),
+                    @JsonSubtype(clazz = GuestStarting.class, name = "guest-starting"),
+                    @JsonSubtype(clazz = GuestOK.class, name = "guest-ok"),
+                    @JsonSubtype(clazz = Exception.class, name = "exception"),
+            }
+    )
+    static abstract sealed class Ready extends PortSpecific {
+        @SerializedName("index")
+        final int index;
+
+        @SerializedName("state")
+        private final String state;
+
+        Ready(int port, int index, String state) {
+            super(port);
+            this.index = index;
+            this.state = state;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isUIFakeState() {
+            return this.index == -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class Unknown extends PortSpecific {
+        Unknown(int port) {
+            super(port);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class Waiting extends Ready {
+        Waiting(int port, int index, String state) {
+            super(port, index, state);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class HostScanning extends Ready {
+        HostScanning(int port, int index, String state) {
+            super(port, index, state);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class HostStarting extends Ready {
+        HostStarting(int port, int index, String state) {
+            super(port, index, state);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class HostOK extends Ready implements Validation {
+        @SerializedName("room")
+        private final String code;
+
+        @SerializedName("profile_index")
+        private final int profileIndex;
+
+        @SerializedName("profiles")
+        private final List<TerracottaProfile> profiles;
+
+        HostOK(int port, int index, String state, String code, int profileIndex, List<TerracottaProfile> profiles) {
+            super(port, index, state);
+            this.code = code;
+            this.profileIndex = profileIndex;
+            this.profiles = profiles;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void validate() throws JsonParseException, TolerableValidationException {
+            if (code == null) {
+                throw new JsonParseException("code is null");
+            }
+            if (profiles == null) {
+                throw new JsonParseException("profiles is null");
+            }
+        }
+
+        public String getCode() {
+            return code;
+        }
+
+        public List<TerracottaProfile> getProfiles() {
+            return profiles;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isForkOf(TerracottaState state) {
+            return state instanceof HostOK hostOK && this.index - hostOK.index <= profileIndex;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class GuestStarting extends Ready {
+        GuestStarting(int port, int index, String state) {
+            super(port, index, state);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class GuestOK extends Ready implements Validation {
+        @SerializedName("url")
+        private final String url;
+
+        @SerializedName("profile_index")
+        private final int profileIndex;
+
+        @SerializedName("profiles")
+        private final List<TerracottaProfile> profiles;
+
+        GuestOK(int port, int index, String state, String url, int profileIndex, List<TerracottaProfile> profiles) {
+            super(port, index, state);
+            this.url = url;
+            this.profileIndex = profileIndex;
+            this.profiles = profiles;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void validate() throws JsonParseException, TolerableValidationException {
+            if (profiles == null) {
+                throw new JsonParseException("profiles is null");
+            }
+        }
+
+        public String getUrl() {
+            return url;
+        }
+
+        public List<TerracottaProfile> getProfiles() {
+            return profiles;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isForkOf(TerracottaState state) {
+            return state instanceof GuestOK guestOK && this.index - guestOK.index <= profileIndex;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class Exception extends Ready implements Validation {
+        public enum Type {
+            PING_HOST_FAIL,
+            PING_HOST_RST,
+            GUEST_ET_CRASH,
+            HOST_ET_CRASH,
+            PING_SERVER_RST,
+            SCAFFOLDING_INVALID_RESPONSE
+        }
+
+        private static final TerracottaState.Exception.Type[] LOOKUP = Type.values();
+
+        @SerializedName("type")
+        private final int type;
+
+        Exception(int port, int index, String state, int type) {
+            super(port, index, state);
+            this.type = type;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void validate() throws JsonParseException, TolerableValidationException {
+            if (type < 0 || type >= LOOKUP.length) {
+                throw new JsonParseException(String.format("Type must between [0, %s)", LOOKUP.length));
+            }
+        }
+
+        public Type getType() {
+            return LOOKUP[type];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class Fatal extends TerracottaState {
+        public enum Type {
+            OS,
+            NETWORK,
+            INSTALL,
+            TERRACOTTA,
+            UNKNOWN;
+        }
+
+        private final Type type;
+
+        public Fatal(Type type) {
+            this.type = type;
+        }
+
+        public Type getType() {
+            return type;
+        }
+
+        public boolean isRecoverable() {
+            return this.type != Type.UNKNOWN;
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025  huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.profile;
+
+import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;
+
+public enum ProfileKind {
+    @SerializedName("HOST")
+    HOST,
+    @SerializedName("LOCAL")
+    LOCAL,
+    @SerializedName("GUEST")
+    GUEST
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025  huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.profile;
+
+import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;
+
+public final class TerracottaProfile {
+    @SerializedName("machine_id")
+    private final String machineID;
+
+    @SerializedName("name")
+    private final String name;
+
+    @SerializedName("vendor")
+    private final String vendor;
+
+    @SerializedName("kind")
+    private final ProfileKind type;
+
+    private TerracottaProfile(String machineID, String name, String vendor, ProfileKind type) {
+        this.machineID = machineID;
+        this.name = name;
+        this.vendor = vendor;
+        this.type = type;
+    }
+
+    public String getMachineID() {
+        return machineID;
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    public String getVendor() {
+        return vendor;
+    }
+
+    public ProfileKind getType() {
+        return type;
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025  huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.provider;
+
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.TerracottaNative;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.tree.TarFileTree;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermission;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+public final class GeneralProvider implements ITerracottaProvider {
+    private final TerracottaNative target;
+
+    public GeneralProvider(TerracottaNative target) {
+        this.target = target;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Status status() throws IOException {
+        return target.status();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Task<?> install(Context context, @Nullable TarFileTree tree) throws IOException {
+        Task<?> task = target.install(context, tree);
+        context.bindProgress(task.progressProperty());
+        if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS.isLinuxOrBSD()) {
+            task = task.thenRunAsync(() -> Files.setPosixFilePermissions(target.getPath(), Set.of(
+                    PosixFilePermission.OWNER_READ,
+                    PosixFilePermission.OWNER_WRITE,
+                    PosixFilePermission.OWNER_EXECUTE,
+                    PosixFilePermission.GROUP_READ,
+                    PosixFilePermission.GROUP_EXECUTE,
+                    PosixFilePermission.OTHERS_READ,
+                    PosixFilePermission.OTHERS_EXECUTE
+            )));
+        }
+        return task;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public List<String> ofCommandLine(Path path) {
+        return List.of(target.getPath().toString(), "--hmcl", path.toString());
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025  huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.provider;
+
+import javafx.beans.value.ObservableValue;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.tree.TarFileTree;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public interface ITerracottaProvider {
+    enum Status {
+        NOT_EXIST,
+        LEGACY_VERSION,
+        READY
+    }
+
+    interface Context {
+        void bindProgress(ObservableValue<? extends Number> value);
+
+        boolean requestInstallFence();
+        
+        boolean hasInstallFence();
+    }
+
+    abstract class ProviderException extends IOException {
+        public ProviderException(String message) {
+            super(message);
+        }
+
+        public ProviderException(String message, Throwable cause) {
+            super(message, cause);
+        }
+
+        public ProviderException(Throwable cause) {
+            super(cause);
+        }
+    }
+
+    final class ArchiveFileMissingException extends ProviderException {
+        public ArchiveFileMissingException(String message) {
+            super(message);
+        }
+
+        public ArchiveFileMissingException(String message, Throwable cause) {
+            super(message, cause);
+        }
+
+        public ArchiveFileMissingException(Throwable cause) {
+            super(cause);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Status status() throws IOException;
+
+    Task<?> install(Context context, @Nullable TarFileTree tree) throws IOException;
+
+    List<String> ofCommandLine(Path path);
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025  huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.provider;
+
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.terracotta.TerracottaNative;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.ManagedProcess;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.SystemUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.tree.TarFileTree;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermission;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
+
+public final class MacOSProvider implements ITerracottaProvider {
+    public final TerracottaNative installer, binary;
+
+    public MacOSProvider(TerracottaNative installer, TerracottaNative binary) {
+        this.installer = installer;
+        this.binary = binary;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Status status() throws IOException {
+        assert binary != null;
+
+        if (!Files.exists(Path.of("/Applications/terracotta.app"))) {
+            return Status.NOT_EXIST;
+        }
+
+        return binary.status();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Task<?> install(Context context, @Nullable TarFileTree tree) throws IOException {
+        assert installer != null && binary != null;
+
+        Task<?> installerTask = installer.install(context, tree);
+        Task<?> binaryTask = binary.install(context, tree);
+        context.bindProgress(installerTask.progressProperty().add(binaryTask.progressProperty()).multiply(0.4)); // (1 + 1) * 0.4 = 0.8
+
+        return Task.allOf(
+                installerTask.thenComposeAsync(() -> {
+                    Path osascript = SystemUtils.which("osascript");
+                    if (osascript == null) {
+                        throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot locate 'osascript' system executable on MacOS for installing Terracotta.");
+                    }
+
+                    Path pkg = Files.createTempDirectory(Metadata.HMCL_GLOBAL_DIRECTORY, "terracotta-pkg")
+                            .toRealPath()
+                            .resolve(FileUtils.getName(installer.getPath()));
+                    Files.copy(installer.getPath(), pkg, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
+
+                    ManagedProcess process = new ManagedProcess(new ProcessBuilder(
+                            osascript.toString(), "-e", String.format(
+                            "do shell script \"installer -pkg '%s' -target /\" with prompt \"%s\" with administrator privileges",
+                            pkg, i18n("terracotta.sudo_installing")
+                    )));
+                    process.pumpInputStream(SystemUtils::onLogLine);
+                    process.pumpErrorStream(SystemUtils::onLogLine);
+
+                    return Task.fromCompletableFuture(process.getProcess().onExit()).thenRunAsync(() -> {
+                        try {
+                            FileUtils.cleanDirectory(pkg.getParent());
+                        } catch (IOException e) {
+                            LOG.warning("Cannot remove temporary Terracotta package file.", e);
+                        }
+
+                        if (process.getExitCode() != 0) {
+                            throw new IllegalStateException(String.format(
+                                    "Cannot install Terracotta %s: system installer exited with code %d",
+                                    pkg,
+                                    process.getExitCode()
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    });
+                }),
+                binaryTask.thenRunAsync(() -> Files.setPosixFilePermissions(binary.getPath(), Set.of(
+                        PosixFilePermission.OWNER_READ,
+                        PosixFilePermission.OWNER_WRITE,
+                        PosixFilePermission.OWNER_EXECUTE,
+                        PosixFilePermission.GROUP_READ,
+                        PosixFilePermission.GROUP_EXECUTE,
+                        PosixFilePermission.OTHERS_READ,
+                        PosixFilePermission.OTHERS_EXECUTE
+                )))
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public List<String> ofCommandLine(Path path) {
+        assert binary != null;
+
+        return List.of(binary.getPath().toString(), "--hmcl", path.toString());
+    }
+}
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-package org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui;
-
-import java.awt.*;
-import java.lang.reflect.Method;
-
-public final class AwtUtils {
-    private AwtUtils() {
-    }
-
-    public static void setAppleIcon(Image image) {
-        try {
-            Class<?> taskbarClass = Class.forName("java.awt.Taskbar");
-            Method getTaskBarMethod = taskbarClass.getDeclaredMethod("getTaskbar");
-            Object taskBar = getTaskBarMethod.invoke(null);
-            Method setIconImageMethod = taskbarClass.getDeclaredMethod("setIconImage", Image.class);
-            setIconImageMethod.invoke(taskBar, image);
-        } catch (Throwable ignore) {
-        }
-    }
-}
@@ -40,8 +40,10 @@ import javafx.stage.StageStyle;
 import javafx.util.Duration;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Launcher;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.game.LauncherHelper;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.game.ModpackHelper;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.java.JavaManager;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.java.JavaRuntime;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.*;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.TaskExecutor;
@@ -54,14 +56,17 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.download.DownloadPage;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.download.ModpackInstallWizardProvider;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.main.LauncherSettingsPage;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.main.RootPage;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.terracotta.TerracottaPage;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.versions.GameListPage;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.versions.VersionPage;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.versions.Versions;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.*;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.Architecture;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;

-import java.io.File;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;

@@ -70,6 +75,10 @@ import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;

 public final class Controllers {
+    public static final String JAVA_VERSION_TIP = "javaVersion";
+    public static final String JAVA_INTERPRETED_MODE_TIP = "javaInterpretedMode";
+    public static final String SOFTWARE_RENDERING = "softwareRendering";
+
    public static final int MIN_WIDTH = 800 + 2 + 16; // bg width + border width*2 + shadow width*2
    public static final int MIN_HEIGHT = 450 + 2 + 40 + 16; // bg height + border width*2 + toolbar height + shadow width*2
    public static final Screen SCREEN = Screen.getPrimary();
@@ -87,7 +96,7 @@ public final class Controllers {
        gameListPage.selectedProfileProperty().bindBidirectional(Profiles.selectedProfileProperty());
        gameListPage.profilesProperty().bindContent(Profiles.profilesProperty());
        FXUtils.applyDragListener(gameListPage, ModpackHelper::isFileModpackByExtension, modpacks -> {
-            File modpack = modpacks.get(0);
+            Path modpack = modpacks.get(0);
            Controllers.getDecorator().startWizard(new ModpackInstallWizardProvider(Profiles.getSelectedProfile(), modpack), i18n("install.modpack"));
        });
        return gameListPage;
@@ -103,6 +112,7 @@ public final class Controllers {
        return accountListPage;
    });
    private static Lazy<LauncherSettingsPage> settingsPage = new Lazy<>(LauncherSettingsPage::new);
+    private static Lazy<TerracottaPage> terracottaPage = new Lazy<>(TerracottaPage::new);

    private Controllers() {
    }
@@ -145,6 +155,11 @@ public final class Controllers {
        return downloadPage.get();
    }

+    // FXThread
+    public static Node getTerracottaPage() {
+        return terracottaPage.get();
+    }
+
    // FXThread
    public static DecoratorController getDecorator() {
        return decorator;
@@ -173,6 +188,18 @@ public final class Controllers {
    public static void initialize(Stage stage) {
        LOG.info("Start initializing application");

+        if (System.getProperty("prism.lcdtext") == null) {
+            String fontAntiAliasing = globalConfig().getFontAntiAliasing();
+            if ("lcd".equalsIgnoreCase(fontAntiAliasing)) {
+                LOG.info("Enable sub-pixel antialiasing");
+                System.getProperties().put("prism.lcdtext", "true");
+            } else if ("gray".equalsIgnoreCase(fontAntiAliasing)
+                    || OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS && SCREEN.getOutputScaleX() > 1) {
+                LOG.info("Disable sub-pixel antialiasing");
+                System.getProperties().put("prism.lcdtext", "false");
+            }
+        }
+
        Controllers.stage = stage;

        stageSizeChangeListener = o -> {
@@ -202,7 +229,11 @@ public final class Controllers {

            if (targetProperty != null
                    && Controllers.stage != null
-                    && !Controllers.stage.isIconified()) {
+                    && !Controllers.stage.isIconified()
+                    // https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/issues/4290
+                    && (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.MACOS ||
+                    !Controllers.stage.isFullScreen() && !Controllers.stage.isMaximized())
+            ) {
                targetProperty.set(sourceProperty.get());
            }
        };
@@ -265,7 +296,7 @@ public final class Controllers {
        stage.setMinHeight(MIN_HEIGHT);
        decorator.getDecorator().prefWidthProperty().bind(scene.widthProperty());
        decorator.getDecorator().prefHeightProperty().bind(scene.heightProperty());
-        scene.getStylesheets().setAll(Theme.getTheme().getStylesheets(config().getLauncherFontFamily()));
+        StyleSheets.init(scene);

        FXUtils.setIcon(stage);
        stage.setTitle(Metadata.FULL_TITLE);
@@ -293,8 +324,8 @@ public final class Controllers {
        if (!Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH.isX86() && globalConfig().getPlatformPromptVersion() < 1) {
            Runnable continueAction = () -> globalConfig().setPlatformPromptVersion(1);

-            if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.OSX && Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH == Architecture.ARM64) {
-                Controllers.dialog(i18n("fatal.unsupported_platform.osx_arm64"), null, MessageType.INFO, continueAction);
+            if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.MACOS && Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH == Architecture.ARM64) {
+                Controllers.dialog(i18n("fatal.unsupported_platform.macos_arm64"), null, MessageType.INFO, continueAction);
            } else if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS && Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH == Architecture.ARM64) {
                Controllers.dialog(i18n("fatal.unsupported_platform.windows_arm64"), null, MessageType.INFO, continueAction);
            } else if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS == OperatingSystem.LINUX &&
@@ -307,6 +338,44 @@ public final class Controllers {
            }
        }

+        if (JavaRuntime.CURRENT_VERSION < Metadata.MINIMUM_SUPPORTED_JAVA_VERSION) {
+            Number shownTipVersion = null;
+            try {
+                shownTipVersion = (Number) config().getShownTips().get(JAVA_VERSION_TIP);
+            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+                LOG.warning("Invalid type for shown tips key: " + JAVA_VERSION_TIP, e);
+            }
+            if (shownTipVersion == null || shownTipVersion.intValue() < Metadata.MINIMUM_SUPPORTED_JAVA_VERSION) {
+                MessageDialogPane.Builder builder = new MessageDialogPane.Builder(i18n("fatal.deprecated_java_version"), null, MessageType.WARNING);
+                String downloadLink = Metadata.getSuggestedJavaDownloadLink();
+                if (downloadLink != null)
+                    builder.addHyperLink(
+                            i18n("fatal.deprecated_java_version.download_link", Metadata.RECOMMENDED_JAVA_VERSION),
+                            downloadLink
+                    );
+                Controllers.dialog(builder
+                        .ok(() -> config().getShownTips().put(JAVA_VERSION_TIP, Metadata.MINIMUM_SUPPORTED_JAVA_VERSION))
+                        .build());
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Check whether JIT is enabled in the current environment
+        if (!JavaRuntime.CURRENT_JIT_ENABLED && !Boolean.TRUE.equals(config().getShownTips().get(JAVA_INTERPRETED_MODE_TIP))) {
+            Controllers.dialog(new MessageDialogPane.Builder(i18n("warning.java_interpreted_mode"), i18n("message.warning"), MessageType.WARNING)
+                    .ok(null)
+                    .addCancel(i18n("button.do_not_show_again"), () ->
+                            config().getShownTips().put(JAVA_INTERPRETED_MODE_TIP, true))
+                    .build());
+        }
+
+        // Check whether hardware acceleration is enabled
+        if (!FXUtils.GPU_ACCELERATION_ENABLED && !Boolean.TRUE.equals(config().getShownTips().get(SOFTWARE_RENDERING))) {
+            Controllers.dialog(new MessageDialogPane.Builder(i18n("warning.software_rendering"), i18n("message.warning"), MessageType.WARNING)
+                    .ok(null)
+                    .addCancel(i18n("button.do_not_show_again"), () ->
+                            config().getShownTips().put(SOFTWARE_RENDERING, true))
+                    .build());
+        }

        if (globalConfig().getAgreementVersion() < 1) {
            JFXDialogLayout agreementPane = new JFXDialogLayout();
@@ -365,6 +434,38 @@ public final class Controllers {
        dialog(new MessageDialogPane.Builder(text, title, type).actionOrCancel(actionButton, cancel).build());
    }

+    public static void confirmWithCountdown(String text, String title, int seconds, MessageType messageType,
+                                            @Nullable Runnable ok, @Nullable Runnable cancel) {
+        if (seconds <= 0)
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Seconds must be greater than 0");
+
+        JFXButton btnOk = new JFXButton(i18n("button.ok"));
+        btnOk.getStyleClass().add(messageType == MessageType.WARNING || messageType == MessageType.ERROR
+                ? "dialog-error"
+                : "dialog-accept");
+
+        if (ok != null)
+            btnOk.setOnAction(e -> ok.run());
+        btnOk.setDisable(true);
+
+        KeyFrame[] keyFrames = new KeyFrame[seconds + 1];
+        for (int i = 0; i < seconds; i++) {
+            keyFrames[i] = new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(i),
+                    new KeyValue(btnOk.textProperty(), i18n("button.ok.countdown", seconds - i)));
+        }
+        keyFrames[seconds] = new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(seconds),
+                new KeyValue(btnOk.textProperty(), i18n("button.ok")),
+                new KeyValue(btnOk.disableProperty(), false));
+
+        Timeline timeline = new Timeline(keyFrames);
+        confirmAction(text, title, messageType, btnOk, () -> {
+            timeline.stop();
+            if (cancel != null)
+                cancel.run();
+        });
+        timeline.play();
+    }
+
    public static CompletableFuture<String> prompt(String title, FutureCallback<String> onResult) {
        return prompt(title, onResult, "");
    }
@@ -411,6 +512,10 @@ public final class Controllers {
                    Controllers.getSettingsPage().showFeedback();
                    Controllers.navigate(Controllers.getSettingsPage());
                    break;
+                case "hmcl://game/launch":
+                    Profile profile = Profiles.getSelectedProfile();
+                    Versions.launch(profile, profile.getSelectedVersion(), LauncherHelper::setKeep);
+                    break;
            }
        } else {
            FXUtils.openLink(href);
@@ -37,20 +37,17 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.download.LibraryAnalyzer;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.game.*;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.launch.ProcessListener;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.Theme;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.StyleSheets;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Schedulers;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.TwoLineListItem;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Log4jLevel;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Pair;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.Architecture;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.CommandBuilder;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.ManagedProcess;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.*;

 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
@@ -64,10 +61,10 @@ import java.util.regex.Matcher;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;

-import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder.config;
-import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.DataSizeUnit.MEGABYTES;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Pair.pair;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;

 public class GameCrashWindow extends Stage {
    private final Version version;
@@ -98,7 +95,7 @@ public class GameCrashWindow extends Stage {

        memory = Optional.ofNullable(launchOptions.getMaxMemory()).map(i -> i + " MB").orElse("-");

-        total_memory = OperatingSystem.TOTAL_MEMORY + " MB";
+        total_memory = MEGABYTES.formatBytes(SystemInfo.getTotalMemorySize());

        this.java = launchOptions.getJava().getArchitecture() == Architecture.SYSTEM_ARCH
                ? launchOptions.getJava().getVersion()
@@ -109,7 +106,7 @@ public class GameCrashWindow extends Stage {
        this.feedbackTextFlow.getChildren().addAll(FXUtils.parseSegment(i18n("game.crash.feedback"), Controllers::onHyperlinkAction));

        setScene(new Scene(view, 800, 480));
-        getScene().getStylesheets().addAll(Theme.getTheme().getStylesheets(config().getLauncherFontFamily()));
+        StyleSheets.init(getScene());
        setTitle(i18n("game.crash.title"));
        FXUtils.setIcon(this);

@@ -133,22 +130,22 @@ public class GameCrashWindow extends Stage {
                crashReport = CrashReportAnalyzer.extractCrashReport(rawLog);
            }

-            return pair(CrashReportAnalyzer.anaylze(rawLog), crashReport != null ? CrashReportAnalyzer.findKeywordsFromCrashReport(crashReport) : new HashSet<>());
+            return pair(CrashReportAnalyzer.analyze(rawLog), crashReport != null ? CrashReportAnalyzer.findKeywordsFromCrashReport(crashReport) : new HashSet<>());
        }), Task.supplyAsync(() -> {
-            Path latestLog = repository.getRunDirectory(version.getId()).toPath().resolve("logs/latest.log");
+            Path latestLog = repository.getRunDirectory(version.getId()).resolve("logs/latest.log");
            if (!Files.isReadable(latestLog)) {
                return pair(new HashSet<CrashReportAnalyzer.Result>(), new HashSet<String>());
            }

            String log;
            try {
-                log = FileUtils.readText(latestLog);
+                log = FileUtils.readTextMaybeNativeEncoding(latestLog);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                LOG.warning("Failed to read logs/latest.log", e);
                return pair(new HashSet<CrashReportAnalyzer.Result>(), new HashSet<String>());
            }

-            return pair(CrashReportAnalyzer.anaylze(log), CrashReportAnalyzer.findKeywordsFromCrashReport(log));
+            return pair(CrashReportAnalyzer.analyze(log), CrashReportAnalyzer.findKeywordsFromCrashReport(log));
        })).whenComplete(Schedulers.javafx(), (taskResult, exception) -> {
            loading.set(false);

@@ -271,7 +268,7 @@ public class GameCrashWindow extends Stage {
        Path logFile = Paths.get("minecraft-exported-crash-info-" + LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH-mm-ss")) + ".zip").toAbsolutePath();

        CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() ->
-                        logs.stream().map(Log::getLog).collect(Collectors.joining(OperatingSystem.LINE_SEPARATOR)))
+                        logs.stream().map(Log::getLog).collect(Collectors.joining("\n")))
                .thenComposeAsync(logs ->
                        LogExporter.exportLogs(logFile, repository, launchOptions.getVersionName(), logs, new CommandBuilder().addAll(managedProcess.getCommands()).toString()))
                .handleAsync((result, exception) -> {
@@ -289,7 +286,7 @@ public class GameCrashWindow extends Stage {
                    alert.showAndWait();

                    return null;
-                });
+                }, Schedulers.javafx());
    }

    private final class View extends VBox {
@@ -385,7 +382,7 @@ public class GameCrashWindow extends Stage {
                TwoLineListItem gameDir = new TwoLineListItem();
                gameDir.getStyleClass().setAll("two-line-item-second-large");
                gameDir.setTitle(i18n("game.directory"));
-                gameDir.setSubtitle(launchOptions.getGameDir().getAbsolutePath());
+                gameDir.setSubtitle(launchOptions.getGameDir().toAbsolutePath().toString());
                FXUtils.installFastTooltip(gameDir, i18n("game.directory"));

                TwoLineListItem javaDir = new TwoLineListItem();
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import javafx.scene.image.Image;
 import javafx.scene.image.ImageView;
 import javafx.scene.text.Text;
 import javafx.scene.text.TextFlow;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
 import org.jsoup.nodes.Node;
 import org.jsoup.nodes.TextNode;

@@ -159,28 +160,19 @@ public final class HTMLRenderer {

    private void appendImage(Node node) {
        String src = node.absUrl("src");
-        URI imageUri = null;
-        try {
-            if (!src.isEmpty())
-                imageUri = URI.create(src);
-        } catch (Exception ignored) {
-        }
-
        String alt = node.attr("alt");

-        if (imageUri != null) {
-            URI uri = URI.create(src);
-
+        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(src)) {
            String widthAttr = node.attr("width");
            String heightAttr = node.attr("height");

-            double width = 0;
-            double height = 0;
+            int width = 0;
+            int height = 0;

            if (!widthAttr.isEmpty() && !heightAttr.isEmpty()) {
                try {
-                    width = Double.parseDouble(widthAttr);
-                    height = Double.parseDouble(heightAttr);
+                    width = (int) Double.parseDouble(widthAttr);
+                    height = (int) Double.parseDouble(heightAttr);
                } catch (NumberFormatException ignored) {
                }

@@ -190,10 +182,12 @@ public final class HTMLRenderer {
                }
            }

-            Image image = FXUtils.newRemoteImage(uri.toString(), width, height, true, true, false);
-            if (image.isError()) {
-                LOG.warning("Failed to load image: " + uri, image.getException());
-            } else {
+            try {
+                Image image = FXUtils.getRemoteImageTask(src, width, height, true, true)
+                        .run();
+                if (image == null)
+                    throw new AssertionError("Image loading task returned null");
+
                ImageView imageView = new ImageView(image);
                if (hyperlink != null) {
                    URI target = resolveLink(hyperlink);
@@ -204,6 +198,8 @@ public final class HTMLRenderer {
                }
                children.add(imageView);
                return;
+            } catch (Throwable e) {
+                LOG.warning("Failed to load image: " + src, e);
            }
        }

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import javafx.beans.Observable;
 import javafx.beans.binding.Bindings;
 import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.SimpleObjectProperty;
+import javafx.beans.value.ChangeListener;
 import javafx.css.PseudoClass;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
@@ -138,6 +139,9 @@ public class InstallerItem extends Control {
            case "forge":
                iconType = VersionIconType.FORGE;
                break;
+            case "cleanroom":
+                iconType = VersionIconType.CLEANROOM;
+                break;
            case "liteloader":
                iconType = VersionIconType.CHICKEN;
                break;
@@ -232,6 +236,7 @@ public class InstallerItem extends Control {
            InstallerItem fabric = new InstallerItem(FABRIC, style);
            InstallerItem fabricApi = new InstallerItem(FABRIC_API, style);
            InstallerItem forge = new InstallerItem(FORGE, style);
+            InstallerItem cleanroom = new InstallerItem(CLEANROOM, style);
            InstallerItem neoForge = new InstallerItem(NEO_FORGE, style);
            InstallerItem liteLoader = new InstallerItem(LITELOADER, style);
            InstallerItem optiFine = new InstallerItem(OPTIFINE, style);
@@ -239,11 +244,11 @@ public class InstallerItem extends Control {
            InstallerItem quiltApi = new InstallerItem(QUILT_API, style);

            Map<InstallerItem, Set<InstallerItem>> incompatibleMap = new HashMap<>();
-            mutualIncompatible(incompatibleMap, forge, fabric, quilt, neoForge);
-            addIncompatibles(incompatibleMap, liteLoader, fabric, quilt, neoForge);
-            addIncompatibles(incompatibleMap, optiFine, fabric, quilt, neoForge);
-            addIncompatibles(incompatibleMap, fabricApi, forge, quiltApi, neoForge, liteLoader, optiFine);
-            addIncompatibles(incompatibleMap, quiltApi, forge, fabric, fabricApi, neoForge, liteLoader, optiFine);
+            mutualIncompatible(incompatibleMap, forge, fabric, quilt, neoForge, cleanroom);
+            addIncompatibles(incompatibleMap, liteLoader, fabric, quilt, neoForge, cleanroom);
+            addIncompatibles(incompatibleMap, optiFine, fabric, quilt, neoForge, cleanroom);
+            addIncompatibles(incompatibleMap, fabricApi, forge, quiltApi, neoForge, liteLoader, optiFine, cleanroom);
+            addIncompatibles(incompatibleMap, quiltApi, forge, fabric, fabricApi, neoForge, liteLoader, optiFine, cleanroom);

            for (Map.Entry<InstallerItem, Set<InstallerItem>> entry : incompatibleMap.entrySet()) {
                InstallerItem item = entry.getKey();
@@ -277,16 +282,24 @@ public class InstallerItem extends Control {
                game.versionProperty.set(new InstalledState(gameVersion, false, false));
            }

-            InstallerItem[] all = {game, forge, neoForge, liteLoader, optiFine, fabric, fabricApi, quilt, quiltApi};
+            InstallerItem[] all = {game, forge, neoForge, liteLoader, optiFine, fabric, fabricApi, quilt, quiltApi, cleanroom};

            for (InstallerItem item : all) {
                if (!item.resolvedStateProperty.isBound()) {
-                    item.resolvedStateProperty.bind(item.versionProperty);
+                    item.resolvedStateProperty.bind(Bindings.createObjectBinding(() -> {
+                        InstalledState itemVersion = item.versionProperty.get();
+                        if (itemVersion != null) {
+                            return itemVersion;
+                        }
+                        return InstallableState.INSTANCE;
+                    }, item.versionProperty));
                }
            }

            if (gameVersion == null) {
                this.libraries = all;
+            } else if (gameVersion.equals("1.12.2")) {
+                this.libraries = new InstallerItem[]{game, forge, cleanroom, liteLoader, optiFine};
            } else if (GameVersionNumber.compare(gameVersion, "1.13") < 0) {
                this.libraries = new InstallerItem[]{game, forge, liteLoader, optiFine};
            } else {
@@ -306,7 +319,9 @@ public class InstallerItem extends Control {
    private static final class InstallerItemSkin extends SkinBase<InstallerItem> {
        private static final PseudoClass LIST_ITEM = PseudoClass.getPseudoClass("list-item");
        private static final PseudoClass CARD = PseudoClass.getPseudoClass("card");
-        private static final WeakListenerHolder holder = new WeakListenerHolder();
+
+        @SuppressWarnings({"FieldCanBeLocal", "unused"})
+        private final ChangeListener<Number> holder;

        InstallerItemSkin(InstallerItem control) {
            super(control);
@@ -314,9 +329,10 @@ public class InstallerItem extends Control {
            Pane pane;
            if (control.style == Style.CARD) {
                pane = new VBox();
-                holder.add(FXUtils.onWeakChange(pane.widthProperty(), v -> FXUtils.setLimitHeight(pane, v.doubleValue() * 0.7)));
+                holder = FXUtils.onWeakChangeAndOperate(pane.widthProperty(), v -> FXUtils.setLimitHeight(pane, v.doubleValue() * 0.7));
            } else {
                pane = new HBox();
+                holder = null;
            }
            pane.getStyleClass().add("installer-item");
            RipplerContainer container = new RipplerContainer(pane);
@@ -362,7 +378,9 @@ public class InstallerItem extends Control {
                    }
                    return i18n("install.installer.version", s.version);
                } else if (state instanceof InstallableState) {
-                    return i18n("install.installer.not_installed");
+                    return control.style == Style.CARD
+                            ? i18n("install.installer.do_not_install")
+                            : i18n("install.installer.not_installed");
                } else if (state instanceof IncompatibleState) {
                    return i18n("install.installer.incompatible", i18n("install.installer." + ((IncompatibleState) state).incompatibleItemName));
                } else {
@@ -383,7 +401,10 @@ public class InstallerItem extends Control {
            if (control.id.equals(MINECRAFT.getPatchId())) {
                removeButton.setVisible(false);
            } else {
-                removeButton.visibleProperty().bind(Bindings.createBooleanBinding(() -> control.resolvedStateProperty.get() instanceof InstalledState, control.resolvedStateProperty));
+                removeButton.visibleProperty().bind(Bindings.createBooleanBinding(() -> {
+                    State state = control.resolvedStateProperty.get();
+                    return state instanceof InstalledState && !((InstalledState) state).external;
+                }, control.resolvedStateProperty));
            }
            removeButton.managedProperty().bind(removeButton.visibleProperty());
            removeButton.setOnAction(e -> {
@@ -64,11 +64,9 @@ public class ListPageSkin extends SkinBase<ListPage<?>> {
                vBox.setAlignment(Pos.BOTTOM_RIGHT);
                vBox.setPickOnBounds(false);

-                JFXButton btnAdd = new JFXButton();
+                JFXButton btnAdd = FXUtils.newRaisedButton("");
                FXUtils.setLimitWidth(btnAdd, 40);
                FXUtils.setLimitHeight(btnAdd, 40);
-                btnAdd.getStyleClass().add("jfx-button-raised-round");
-                btnAdd.setButtonType(JFXButton.ButtonType.RAISED);
                btnAdd.setGraphic(SVG.ADD.createIcon(Theme.whiteFill(), -1));
                btnAdd.setOnAction(e -> skinnable.add());

@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ import javafx.scene.input.MouseButton;
 import javafx.scene.layout.*;
 import javafx.stage.Stage;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.game.GameDumpGenerator;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.game.LauncherHelper;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.game.Log;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.Theme;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.StyleSheets;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.NoneMultipleSelectionModel;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.SpinnerPane;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Holder;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.CircularArrayList;
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ public final class LogWindow extends Stage {
        this.logs = logs;
        this.impl = new LogWindowImpl();
        setScene(new Scene(impl, 800, 480));
-        getScene().getStylesheets().addAll(Theme.getTheme().getStylesheets(config().getLauncherFontFamily()));
+        StyleSheets.init(getScene());
        setTitle(i18n("logwindow.title"));
        FXUtils.setIcon(this);

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ public final class LogWindow extends Stage {
        }

        private void onTerminateGame() {
-            LauncherHelper.stopManagedProcesses();
+            LogWindow.this.gameProcess.stop();
        }

        private void onClear() {
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ public final class LogWindow extends Stage {

                try {
                    if (gameProcess.isRunning()) {
-                        GameDumpGenerator.writeDumpTo(gameProcess.getPID(), dumpFile);
+                        GameDumpGenerator.writeDumpTo(gameProcess.getProcess().pid(), dumpFile);
                        FXUtils.showFileInExplorer(dumpFile);
                    }
                } catch (Throwable e) {
@@ -307,11 +307,12 @@ public final class LogWindow extends Stage {
                        listView.scrollTo(listView.getItems().size() - 1);
                });

-                listView.setStyle("-fx-font-family: " + Lang.requireNonNullElse(config().getFontFamily(), FXUtils.DEFAULT_MONOSPACE_FONT)
-                        + "; -fx-font-size: " + config().getFontSize() + "px;");
+                listView.setStyle("-fx-font-family: \"" + Lang.requireNonNullElse(config().getFontFamily(), FXUtils.DEFAULT_MONOSPACE_FONT)
+                        + "\"; -fx-font-size: " + config().getFontSize() + "px;");
                Holder<Object> lastCell = new Holder<>();
                listView.setCellFactory(x -> new ListCell<Log>() {
                    {
+                        x.setSelectionModel(new NoneMultipleSelectionModel<>());
                        getStyleClass().add("log-window-list-cell");
                        Region clippedContainer = (Region) listView.lookup(".clipped-container");
                        if (clippedContainer != null) {
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ public enum SVG {
    CHECK_CIRCLE("M10.6 16.6 17.65 9.55 16.25 8.15 10.6 13.8 7.75 10.95 6.35 12.35 10.6 16.6ZM12 22Q9.925 22 8.1 21.2125T4.925 19.075Q3.575 17.725 2.7875 15.9T2 12Q2 9.925 2.7875 8.1T4.925 4.925Q6.275 3.575 8.1 2.7875T12 2Q14.075 2 15.9 2.7875T19.075 4.925Q20.425 6.275 21.2125 8.1T22 12Q22 14.075 21.2125 15.9T19.075 19.075Q17.725 20.425 15.9 21.2125T12 22ZM12 20Q15.35 20 17.675 17.675T20 12Q20 8.65 17.675 6.325T12 4Q8.65 4 6.325 6.325T4 12Q4 15.35 6.325 17.675T12 20ZM12 12Z"),
    CLOSE("M6.4 19 5 17.6 10.6 12 5 6.4 6.4 5 12 10.6 17.6 5 19 6.4 13.4 12 19 17.6 17.6 19 12 13.4 6.4 19Z"),
    CONTENT_COPY("M9 18Q8.175 18 7.5875 17.4125T7 16V4Q7 3.175 7.5875 2.5875T9 2H18Q18.825 2 19.4125 2.5875T20 4V16Q20 16.825 19.4125 17.4125T18 18H9ZM9 16H18V4H9V16ZM5 22Q4.175 22 3.5875 21.4125T3 20V6H5V20H16V22H5ZM9 16V4 16Z"),
+    CREATE_NEW_FOLDER("M14 16h2V14h2V12H16V10H14v2H12v2h2v2ZM4 20q-.825 0-1.4125-.5875T2 18V6q0-.825.5875-1.4125T4 4h6l2 2h8q.825 0 1.4125.5875T22 8V18q0 .825-.5875 1.4125T20 20H4Zm0-2H20V8H11.175l-2-2H4V18ZV6 18Z"),
    DELETE("M7 21Q6.175 21 5.5875 20.4125T5 19V6H4V4H9V3H15V4H20V6H19V19Q19 19.825 18.4125 20.4125T17 21H7ZM17 6H7V19H17V6ZM9 17H11V8H9V17ZM13 17H15V8H13V17ZM7 6V19 6Z"),
    DELETE_FOREVER("M9.4 16.5 12 13.9 14.6 16.5 16 15.1 13.4 12.5 16 9.9 14.6 8.5 12 11.1 9.4 8.5 8 9.9 10.6 12.5 8 15.1 9.4 16.5ZM7 21Q6.175 21 5.5875 20.4125T5 19V6H4V4H9V3H15V4H20V6H19V19Q19 19.825 18.4125 20.4125T17 21H7ZM17 6H7V19H17V6ZM7 6V19 6Z"),
    DEPLOYED_CODE("M11 19.425V12.575L5 9.1V15.95L11 19.425ZM13 19.425 19 15.95V9.1L13 12.575V19.425ZM12 10.85 17.925 7.425 12 4 6.075 7.425 12 10.85ZM4 17.7Q3.525 17.425 3.2625 16.975T3 15.975V8.025Q3 7.475 3.2625 7.025T4 6.3L11 2.275Q11.475 2 12 2T13 2.275L20 6.3Q20.475 6.575 20.7375 7.025T21 8.025V15.975Q21 16.525 20.7375 16.975T20 17.7L13 21.725Q12.525 22 12 22T11 21.725L4 17.7ZM12 12Z"),
@@ -57,24 +58,29 @@ public enum SVG {
    DRESSER("M4 21V5Q4 4.175 4.5875 3.5875T6 3H18Q18.825 3 19.4125 3.5875T20 5V21H18V19H6V21H4ZM6 11H11V5H6V11ZM13 7H18V5H13V7ZM13 11H18V9H13V11ZM10 16H14V14H10V16ZM6 13V17H18V13H6ZM6 13V17 13Z"),
    EDIT("M5 19H6.425L16.2 9.225 14.775 7.8 5 17.575V19ZM3 21V16.75L16.2 3.575Q16.5 3.3 16.8625 3.15T17.625 3Q18.025 3 18.4 3.15T19.05 3.6L20.425 5Q20.725 5.275 20.8625 5.65T21 6.4Q21 6.8 20.8625 7.1625T20.425 7.825L7.25 21H3ZM19 6.4 17.6 5 19 6.4ZM15.475 8.525 14.775 7.8 16.2 9.225 15.475 8.525Z"),
    ERROR("M12 17Q12.425 17 12.7125 16.7125T13 16Q13 15.575 12.7125 15.2875T12 15Q11.575 15 11.2875 15.2875T11 16Q11 16.425 11.2875 16.7125T12 17ZM11 13H13V7H11V13ZM12 22Q9.925 22 8.1 21.2125T4.925 19.075Q3.575 17.725 2.7875 15.9T2 12Q2 9.925 2.7875 8.1T4.925 4.925Q6.275 3.575 8.1 2.7875T12 2Q14.075 2 15.9 2.7875T19.075 4.925Q20.425 6.275 21.2125 8.1T22 12Q22 14.075 21.2125 15.9T19.075 19.075Q17.725 20.425 15.9 21.2125T12 22ZM12 20Q15.35 20 17.675 17.675T20 12Q20 8.65 17.675 6.325T12 4Q8.65 4 6.325 6.325T4 12Q4 15.35 6.325 17.675T12 20ZM12 12Z"),
+    EXPLORE("M12 12Zm0 8q-3.325 0-5.6625-2.3375T4 12Q4 8.675 6.3375 6.3375T12 4q3.325-0 5.6625 2.3375T20 12q0 3.325-2.3375 5.6625T12 20Zm0 2q2.075-0 3.9-.7875t3.175-2.1375q1.35-1.35 2.1375-3.175T22 12q-0-2.075-.7875-3.9T19.075 4.925q-1.35-1.35-3.175-2.1375T12 2q-2.075 0-3.9.7875T4.925 4.925Q3.575 6.275 2.7875 8.1T2 12q0 2.075.7875 3.9T4.925 19.075q1.35 1.35 3.175 2.1375T12 22Zm0-8.5q.625 0 1.0625-.4375T13.5 12t-.4375-1.0625T12 10.5t-1.0625.4375T10.5 12t.4375 1.0625T12 13.5Zm-4.5 3 2-7 7-2-2 7-7 2Z"),
    EXTENSION("M8.8 21H5Q4.175 21 3.5875 20.4125T3 19V15.2Q4.2 15.2 5.1 14.4375T6 12.5Q6 11.325 5.1 10.5625T3 9.8V6Q3 5.175 3.5875 4.5875T5 4H9Q9 2.95 9.725 2.225T11.5 1.5Q12.55 1.5 13.275 2.225T14 4H18Q18.825 4 19.4125 4.5875T20 6V10Q21.05 10 21.775 10.725T22.5 12.5Q22.5 13.55 21.775 14.275T20 15V19Q20 19.825 19.4125 20.4125T18 21H14.2Q14.2 19.75 13.4125 18.875T11.5 18Q10.375 18 9.5875 18.875T8.8 21ZM5 19H7.125Q7.725 17.35 9.05 16.675T11.5 16Q12.625 16 13.95 16.675T15.875 19H18V13H20Q20.2 13 20.35 12.85T20.5 12.5Q20.5 12.3 20.35 12.15T20 12H18V6H12V4Q12 3.8 11.85 3.65T11.5 3.5Q11.3 3.5 11.15 3.65T11 4V6H5V8.2Q6.35 8.7 7.175 9.875T8 12.5Q8 13.925 7.175 15.1T5 16.8V19ZM11.5 12.5Z"),
    FEEDBACK("M12 15Q12.425 15 12.7125 14.7125T13 14Q13 13.575 12.7125 13.2875T12 13Q11.575 13 11.2875 13.2875T11 14Q11 14.425 11.2875 14.7125T12 15ZM11 11H13V5H11V11ZM2 22V4Q2 3.175 2.5875 2.5875T4 2H20Q20.825 2 21.4125 2.5875T22 4V16Q22 16.825 21.4125 17.4125T20 18H6L2 22ZM5.15 16H20V4H4V17.125L5.15 16ZM4 16V4 16Z"),
    FOLDER("M4 20Q3.175 20 2.5875 19.4125T2 18V6Q2 5.175 2.5875 4.5875T4 4H10L12 6H20Q20.825 6 21.4125 6.5875T22 8V18Q22 18.825 21.4125 19.4125T20 20H4ZM4 18H20V8H11.175L9.175 6H4V18ZM4 18V6 18Z"),
    FOLDER_COPY("M3 21Q2.175 21 1.5875 20.4125T1 19V6H3V19H20V21H3ZM7 17Q6.175 17 5.5875 16.4125T5 15V4Q5 3.175 5.5875 2.5875T7 2H12L14 4H21Q21.825 4 22.4125 4.5875T23 6V15Q23 15.825 22.4125 16.4125T21 17H7ZM7 15H21V6H13.175L11.175 4H7V15ZM7 15V4 15Z"),
    FOLDER_OPEN("M4 20Q3.175 20 2.5875 19.4125T2 18V6Q2 5.175 2.5875 4.5875T4 4H10L12 6H20Q20.825 6 21.4125 6.5875T22 8H11.175L9.175 6H4V18L6.4 10H23.5L20.925 18.575Q20.725 19.225 20.1875 19.6125T19 20H4ZM6.1 18H19L20.8 12H7.9L6.1 18ZM6.1 18 7.9 12 6.1 18ZM4 8V6 8Z"),
    FORMAT_LIST_BULLETED("M9 19V17H21V19H9ZM9 13V11H21V13H9ZM9 7V5H21V7H9ZM5 20Q4.175 20 3.5875 19.4125T3 18Q3 17.175 3.5875 16.5875T5 16Q5.825 16 6.4125 16.5875T7 18Q7 18.825 6.4125 19.4125T5 20ZM5 14Q4.175 14 3.5875 13.4125T3 12Q3 11.175 3.5875 10.5875T5 10Q5.825 10 6.4125 10.5875T7 12Q7 12.825 6.4125 13.4125T5 14ZM5 8Q4.175 8 3.5875 7.4125T3 6Q3 5.175 3.5875 4.5875T5 4Q5.825 4 6.4125 4.5875T7 6Q7 6.825 6.4125 7.4125T5 8Z"),
+    FORT("M1 21V17l2-2V9L1 7V3H3V5H5V3H7V5H9V3h2V7L9 9v1h6V9L13 7V3h2V5h2V3h2V5h2V3h2V7L21 9v6l2 2v4H14V18q0-.825-.5875-1.4125T12 16q-.825 0-1.4125.5875T10 18v3H1Zm2-2H8V18q0-1.65 1.175-2.825T12 14q1.65 0 2.825 1.175T16 18v1h5V17.825l-2-2V8.175L20.175 7h-4.35L17 8.175V12H7V8.175L8.175 7H3.825L5 8.175v7.65l-2 2V19Zm9-6Z"),
    FOR_YOU("M12 12Q14.025 12 16.225 11.5875T20 10.5V20.5Q18.5 21.175 16.35 21.5875T12 22Q9.8 22 7.65 21.5875T4 20.5V10.5Q5.575 11.175 7.775 11.5875T12 12ZM18 19V13.25Q16.75 13.6 15.1125 13.8T12 14Q10.525 14 8.8875 13.8T6 13.25V19Q7.25 19.45 8.875 19.725T12 20Q13.5 20 15.125 19.725T18 19ZM12 2Q13.65 2 14.825 3.175T16 6Q16 7.65 14.825 8.825T12 10Q10.35 10 9.175 8.825T8 6Q8 4.35 9.175 3.175T12 2ZM12 8Q12.825 8 13.4125 7.4125T14 6Q14 5.175 13.4125 4.5875T12 4Q11.175 4 10.5875 4.5875T10 6Q10 6.825 10.5875 7.4125T12 8ZM12 6ZM12 16.625Z"),
    GAMEPAD("M12 7.65ZM16.35 12ZM7.65 12ZM12 16.35ZM12 10.5 9 7.5V2H15V7.5L12 10.5ZM16.5 15 13.5 12 16.5 9H22V15H16.5ZM2 15V9H7.5L10.5 12 7.5 15H2ZM9 22V16.5L12 13.5 15 16.5V22H9ZM12 7.65 13 6.65V4H11V6.65L12 7.65ZM4 13H6.65L7.65 12 6.65 11H4V13ZM11 20H13V17.35L12 16.35 11 17.35V20ZM17.35 13H20V11H17.35L16.35 12 17.35 13Z"),
    GLOBE_BOOK("M3.075 13Q3.05 12.75 3.0375 12.5T3.025 12Q3.025 10.125 3.725 8.4875T5.65 5.6375Q6.875 4.425 8.5 3.7125T12 3Q13.875 3 15.5125 3.7125T18.3625 5.6375Q19.575 6.85 20.2875 8.4875T21 12Q21 12.25 20.9875 12.5T20.95 13H18.925Q18.975 12.75 18.9875 12.5T19 12Q19 11.75 18.9875 11.5T18.925 11H15.975Q16 11.25 16 11.5V12.5Q16 12.75 15.975 13H14V12.175Q14 11.875 13.9875 11.575T13.95 11H10.075Q10.05 11.275 10.0375 11.575T10.025 12.175V13H8.05Q8.025 12.75 8.025 12.5V11.5Q8.025 11.25 8.05 11H5.1Q5.05 11.25 5.0375 11.5T5.025 12Q5.025 12.25 5.0375 12.5T5.1 13H3.075ZM5.7 9H8.275Q8.475 7.925 8.775 7.0625T9.425 5.5Q8.225 5.95 7.25 6.8625T5.7 9ZM10.35 9H13.65Q13.4 7.925 13.025 6.9T12 5Q11.35 5.875 10.9625 6.9T10.35 9ZM15.75 9H18.325Q17.75 7.775 16.7625 6.8625T14.575 5.5Q14.925 6.25 15.2375 7.0875T15.75 9ZM11 21V20Q11 18.75 10.125 17.875T8 17H2V15H8Q9.2 15 10.2375 15.525T12 17Q12.725 16.05 13.7625 15.525T16 15H22V17H16Q14.75 17 13.875 17.875T13 20V21H11Z"),
+    GRAPH2("M5 22q-1.25 0-2.125-.875T2 19q0-.975.5625-1.75T4 16.175V14q0-1.25.875-2.125T7 11h4V7.825q-.875-.3-1.4375-1.075T9 5q0-1.25.875-2.125T12 2t2.125.875T15 5q0 .975-.5625 1.75T13 7.825V11h4q1.25 0 2.125.875T20 14v2.175q.875.3 1.4375 1.075T22 19q0 1.25-.875 2.125T19 22t-2.125-.875T16 19q0-.975.5625-1.75T18 16.175V14q0-.425-.2875-.7125T17 13H13v3.175q.875.3 1.4375 1.075T15 19q0 1.25-.875 2.125T12 22t-2.125-.875T9 19q0-.975.5625-1.75T11 16.175V13H7q-.425 0-.7125.2875T6 14v2.175q.875.3 1.4375 1.075T8 19q0 1.25-.875 2.125T5 22Zm0-2q.425 0 .7125-.2875T6 19q0-.425-.2875-.7125T5 18q-.425 0-.7125.2875T4 19q0 .425.2875.7125T5 20Zm7 0q.425 0 .7125-.2875T13 19q0-.425-.2875-.7125T12 18q-.425 0-.7125.2875T11 19q0 .425.2875.7125T12 20Zm7 0q.425 0 .7125-.2875T20 19q0-.425-.2875-.7125T19 18q-.425 0-.7125.2875T18 19q0 .425.2875.7125T19 20ZM12 6q.425 0 .7125-.2875T13 5q0-.425-.2875-.7125T12 4q-.425 0-.7125.2875T11 5q0 .425.2875.7125T12 6Z"),
    HELP("M11.95 18Q12.475 18 12.8375 17.6375T13.2 16.75Q13.2 16.225 12.8375 15.8625T11.95 15.5Q11.425 15.5 11.0625 15.8625T10.7 16.75Q10.7 17.275 11.0625 17.6375T11.95 18ZM11.05 14.15H12.9Q12.9 13.325 13.0875 12.85T14.15 11.55Q14.8 10.9 15.175 10.3125T15.55 8.9Q15.55 7.5 14.525 6.75T12.1 6Q10.675 6 9.7875 6.75T8.55 8.55L10.2 9.2Q10.325 8.75 10.7625 8.225T12.1 7.7Q12.9 7.7 13.3 8.1375T13.7 9.1Q13.7 9.6 13.4 10.0375T12.65 10.85Q11.55 11.825 11.3 12.325T11.05 14.15ZM12 22Q9.925 22 8.1 21.2125T4.925 19.075Q3.575 17.725 2.7875 15.9T2 12Q2 9.925 2.7875 8.1T4.925 4.925Q6.275 3.575 8.1 2.7875T12 2Q14.075 2 15.9 2.7875T19.075 4.925Q20.425 6.275 21.2125 8.1T22 12Q22 14.075 21.2125 15.9T19.075 19.075Q17.725 20.425 15.9 21.2125T12 22ZM12 20Q15.35 20 17.675 17.675T20 12Q20 8.65 17.675 6.325T12 4Q8.65 4 6.325 6.325T4 12Q4 15.35 6.325 17.675T12 20ZM12 12Z"),
    HOME("M6 19H9V13H15V19H18V10L12 5.5 6 10V19ZM4 21V9L12 3 20 9V21H13V15H11V21H4ZM12 12.25Z"),
    HOST("M4 21Q3.175 21 2.5875 20.4125T2 19V5Q2 4.175 2.5875 3.5875T4 3H9Q9.825 3 10.4125 3.5875T11 5V19Q11 19.825 10.4125 20.4125T9 21H4ZM15 21Q14.175 21 13.5875 20.4125T13 19V5Q13 4.175 13.5875 3.5875T15 3H20Q20.825 3 21.4125 3.5875T22 5V19Q22 19.825 21.4125 20.4125T20 21H15ZM4 19H9V5H4V19ZM15 19H20V5H15V19ZM5 15H8V13H5V15ZM16 15H19V13H16V15ZM5 12H8V10H5V12ZM16 12H19V10H16V12ZM5 9H8V7H5V9ZM16 9H19V7H16V9ZM4 19H9 4ZM15 19H20 15Z"),
    INFO("M11 17H13V11H11V17ZM12 9Q12.425 9 12.7125 8.7125T13 8Q13 7.575 12.7125 7.2875T12 7Q11.575 7 11.2875 7.2875T11 8Q11 8.425 11.2875 8.7125T12 9ZM12 22Q9.925 22 8.1 21.2125T4.925 19.075Q3.575 17.725 2.7875 15.9T2 12Q2 9.925 2.7875 8.1T4.925 4.925Q6.275 3.575 8.1 2.7875T12 2Q14.075 2 15.9 2.7875T19.075 4.925Q20.425 6.275 21.2125 8.1T22 12Q22 14.075 21.2125 15.9T19.075 19.075Q17.725 20.425 15.9 21.2125T12 22ZM12 20Q15.35 20 17.675 17.675T20 12Q20 8.65 17.675 6.325T12 4Q8.65 4 6.325 6.325T4 12Q4 15.35 6.325 17.675T12 20ZM12 12Z"),
    KEYBOARD_ARROW_DOWN("M12 15.4 6 9.4 7.4 8 12 12.6 16.6 8 18 9.4 12 15.4Z"),
    KEYBOARD_ARROW_UP("M12 10.8 7.4 15.4 6 14 12 8 18 14 16.6 15.4 12 10.8Z"),
+    LANDSCAPE("M1 18l6-8 4.5 6H19L14 9.35l-2.5 3.3L10.25 11 14 6l9 12H1Zm13.025-2ZM5 16H9L7 13.325 5 16ZH9 5Z"),
    LIST("M7 9V7H21V9H7ZM7 13V11H21V13H7ZM7 17V15H21V17H7ZM4 9Q3.575 9 3.2875 8.7125T3 8Q3 7.575 3.2875 7.2875T4 7Q4.425 7 4.7125 7.2875T5 8Q5 8.425 4.7125 8.7125T4 9ZM4 13Q3.575 13 3.2875 12.7125T3 12Q3 11.575 3.2875 11.2875T4 11Q4.425 11 4.7125 11.2875T5 12Q5 12.425 4.7125 12.7125T4 13ZM4 17Q3.575 17 3.2875 16.7125T3 16Q3 15.575 3.2875 15.2875T4 15Q4.425 15 4.7125 15.2875T5 16Q5 16.425 4.7125 16.7125T4 17Z"),
    LISTS("M2 20V16H6V20H2ZM8 20V16H22V20H8ZM2 14V10H6V14H2ZM8 14V10H22V14H8ZM2 8V4H6V8H2ZM8 8V4H22V8H8Z"),
    LOCAL_CAFE("M4 21V19H20V21H4ZM8 17Q6.35 17 5.175 15.825T4 13V3H20Q20.825 3 21.4125 3.5875T22 5V8Q22 8.825 21.4125 9.4125T20 10H18V13Q18 14.65 16.825 15.825T14 17H8ZM8 15H14Q14.825 15 15.4125 14.4125T16 13V5H6V13Q6 13.825 6.5875 14.4125T8 15ZM18 8H20V5H18V8ZM8 15H6 16 8Z"),
+    LOCATION_CITY("M3 21V7H9V5l3-3 3 3v6h6V21H3Zm2-2H7V17H5v2Zm0-4H7V13H5v2Zm0-4H7V9H5v2Zm6 8h2V17H11v2Zm0-4h2V13H11v2Zm0-4h2V9H11v2Zm0-4h2V5H11V7Zm6 12h2V17H17v2Zm0-4h2V13H17v2Z"),
    MENU("M3 18V16H21V18H3ZM3 13V11H21V13H3ZM3 8V6H21V8H3Z"),
    MICROSOFT("M4 20H22v2H4V13H20v7h2V4H20v7H4V4h7V20h2V4h9V2H2V22H4"), // Not Material
    MINIMIZE("M6 21V19H18V21H6Z"),
@@ -91,6 +97,7 @@ public enum SVG {
    RELEASE_CIRCLE("M9,7H13A2,2 0 0,1 15,9V11C15,11.84 14.5,12.55 13.76,12.85L15,17H13L11.8,13H11V17H9V7M11,9V11H13V9H11M12,2A10,10 0 0,1 22,12A10,10 0 0,1 12,22A10,10 0 0,1 2,12A10,10 0 0,1 12,2M12,4A8,8 0 0,0 4,12C4,16.41 7.58,20 12,20A8,8 0 0,0 20,12A8,8 0 0,0 12,4Z"), // Not Material
    RESTORE("M12 21Q8.55 21 5.9875 18.7125T3.05 13H5.1Q5.45 15.6 7.4125 17.3T12 19Q14.925 19 16.9625 16.9625T19 12Q19 9.075 16.9625 7.0375T12 5Q10.275 5 8.775 5.8T6.25 8H9V10H3V4H5V6.35Q6.275 4.75 8.1125 3.875T12 3Q13.875 3 15.5125 3.7125T18.3625 5.6375Q19.575 6.85 20.2875 8.4875T21 12Q21 13.875 20.2875 15.5125T18.3625 18.3625Q17.15 19.575 15.5125 20.2875T12 21Z"), // Not Material
    ROCKET_LAUNCH("M5.65 10.025 7.6 10.85Q7.95 10.15 8.325 9.5T9.15 8.2L7.75 7.925 5.65 10.025ZM9.2 12.1 12.05 14.925Q13.1 14.525 14.3 13.7T16.55 11.825Q18.3 10.075 19.2875 7.9375T20.15 4Q18.35 3.875 16.2 4.8625T12.3 7.6Q11.25 8.65 10.425 9.85T9.2 12.1ZM13.65 10.475Q13.075 9.9 13.075 9.0625T13.65 7.65Q14.225 7.075 15.075 7.075T16.5 7.65Q17.075 8.225 17.075 9.0625T16.5 10.475Q15.925 11.05 15.075 11.05T13.65 10.475ZM14.125 18.5 16.225 16.4 15.95 15Q15.3 15.45 14.65 15.8125T13.3 16.525L14.125 18.5ZM21.95 2.175Q22.425 5.2 21.3625 8.0625T17.7 13.525L18.2 16Q18.3 16.5 18.15 16.975T17.65 17.8L13.45 22 11.35 17.075 7.075 12.8 2.15 10.7 6.325 6.5Q6.675 6.15 7.1625 6T8.15 5.95L10.625 6.45Q13.225 3.85 16.075 2.775T21.95 2.175ZM3.925 15.975Q4.8 15.1 6.0625 15.0875T8.2 15.95Q9.075 16.825 9.0625 18.0875T8.175 20.225Q7.55 20.85 6.0875 21.3T2.05 22.1Q2.4 19.525 2.85 18.0625T3.925 15.975ZM5.35 17.375Q5.1 17.625 4.85 18.2875T4.5 19.625Q5.175 19.525 5.8375 19.2875T6.75 18.8Q7.05 18.5 7.075 18.075T6.8 17.35Q6.5 17.05 6.075 17.0625T5.35 17.375Z"),
+    SCHEMA("M4 23V17H6.5V15H4V9H6.5V7H4V1h7V7H8.5V9H11v2h3V9h7v6H14V13H11v2H8.5v2H11v6H4Zm2-2H9V19H6v2Zm0-8H9V11H6v2Zm10 0h3V11H16v2ZM6 5H9V3H6V5ZM7.5 4Zm0 8Zm10 0Zm-10 8Z"),
    SCREENSHOT_MONITOR("M15 16H19V12H17.5V14.5H15V16ZM5 10H6.5V7.5H9V6H5V10ZM8 21V19H4Q3.175 19 2.5875 18.4125T2 17V5Q2 4.175 2.5875 3.5875T4 3H20Q20.825 3 21.4125 3.5875T22 5V17Q22 17.825 21.4125 18.4125T20 19H16V21H8ZM4 17H20V5H4V17ZM4 17V5 17Z"),
    SCRIPT("M14,20A2,2 0 0,0 16,18V5H9A1,1 0 0,0 8,6V16H5V5A3,3 0 0,1 8,2H19A3,3 0 0,1 22,5V6H18V18L18,19A3,3 0 0,1 15,22H5A3,3 0 0,1 2,19V18H12A2,2 0 0,0 14,20Z"), // Not Material
    SEARCH("M19.6 21 13.3 14.7Q12.55 15.3 11.575 15.65T9.5 16Q6.775 16 4.8875 14.1125T3 9.5Q3 6.775 4.8875 4.8875T9.5 3Q12.225 3 14.1125 4.8875T16 9.5Q16 10.6 15.65 11.575T14.7 13.3L21 19.6 19.6 21ZM9.5 14Q11.375 14 12.6875 12.6875T14 9.5Q14 7.625 12.6875 6.3125T9.5 5Q7.625 5 6.3125 6.3125T5 9.5Q5 11.375 6.3125 12.6875T9.5 14Z"),
@@ -102,6 +109,8 @@ public enum SVG {
    TRIP("M4 21Q3.175 21 2.5875 20.4125T2 19V8Q2 7.175 2.5875 6.5875T4 6H8V4Q8 3.175 8.5875 2.5875T10 2H14Q14.825 2 15.4125 2.5875T16 4V6H20Q20.825 6 21.4125 6.5875T22 8V19Q22 19.825 21.4125 20.4125T20 21H4ZM10 6H14V4H10V6ZM6 8H4V19H6V8ZM16 19V8H8V19H16ZM18 8V19H20V8H18ZM12 13.5Z"),
    TUNE("M11 21V15H13V17H21V19H13V21H11ZM3 19V17H9V19H3ZM7 15V13H3V11H7V9H9V15H7ZM11 13V11H21V13H11ZM15 9V3H17V5H21V7H17V9H15ZM3 7V5H13V7H3Z"),
    UPDATE("M12 21Q10.125 21 8.4875 20.2875T5.6375 18.3625Q4.425 17.15 3.7125 15.5125T3 12Q3 10.125 3.7125 8.4875T5.6375 5.6375Q6.85 4.425 8.4875 3.7125T12 3Q14.05 3 15.8875 3.875T19 6.35V4H21V10H15V8H17.75Q16.725 6.6 15.225 5.8T12 5Q9.075 5 7.0375 7.0375T5 12Q5 14.925 7.0375 16.9625T12 19Q14.625 19 16.5875 17.3T18.9 13H20.95Q20.575 16.425 18.0125 18.7125T12 21ZM14.8 16.2 11 12.4V7H13V11.6L16.2 14.8 14.8 16.2Z"),
+    VISIBILITY("M12 16q1.875 0 3.1875-1.3125T16.5 11.5 15.1875 8.3125 12 7 8.8125 8.3125 7.5 11.5t1.3125 3.1875T12 16Zm0-1.8q-1.125 0-1.9125-.7875T9.3 11.5t.7875-1.9125T12 8.8q1.125 0 1.9125.7875T14.7 11.5q0 1.125-.7875 1.9125T12 14.2ZM12 19q-3.65 0-6.65-2.0375T1 11.5Q2.35 8.075 5.35 6.0375T12 4q3.65 0 6.65 2.0375T23 11.5q-1.35 3.425-4.35 5.4625T12 19Zm0-7.5ZM12 17q2.825 0 5.1875-1.4875T20.8 11.5q-1.25-2.525-3.6125-4.0125T12 6 6.8125 7.4875 3.2 11.5q1.25 2.525 3.6125 4.0125T12 17Z"),
+    VISIBILITY_OFF("M16.1 13.3l-1.45-1.45q.225-1.175-.675-2.2t-2.325-.8L10.2 7.4q.425-.2.8625-.3T12 7q1.875 0 3.1875 1.3125T16.5 11.5q0 .5-.1.9375t-.3.8625Zm3.2 3.15-1.45-1.4q.95-.725 1.6875-1.5875T20.8 11.5q-1.25-2.525-3.5875-4.0125T12 6q-.725 0-1.425.1T9.2 6.4L7.65 4.85q1.025-.425 2.1-.6375T12 4q3.775 0 6.725 2.0875T23 11.5q-.575 1.475-1.5125 2.7375T19.3 16.45Zm.5 6.15-4.2-4.15q-.875.275-1.7625.4125T12 19q-3.775 0-6.725-2.0875T1 11.5q.525-1.325 1.325-2.4625T4.15 7L1.4 4.2 2.8 2.8 21.2 21.2l-1.4 1.4ZM5.55 8.4q-.725.65-1.325 1.425T3.2 11.5q1.25 2.525 3.5875 4.0125T12 17q.5 0 .975-.0625T13.95 16.8l-.9-.95q-.275.075-.525.1125T12 16q-1.875 0-3.1875-1.3125T7.5 11.5q0-.275.0375-.525T7.65 10.45L5.55 8.4Zm7.975 2.325ZM9.75 12.6Z"),
    WARNING("M1 21 12 2 23 21H1ZM4.45 19H19.55L12 6 4.45 19ZM12 18Q12.425 18 12.7125 17.7125T13 17Q13 16.575 12.7125 16.2875T12 16Q11.575 16 11.2875 16.2875T11 17Q11 17.425 11.2875 17.7125T12 18ZM11 15H13V10H11V15ZM12 12.5Z"),
    WB_SUNNY("M11 4V1H13V4H11ZM11 23V20H13V23H11ZM20 13V11H23V13H20ZM1 13V11H4V13H1ZM18.7 6.7 17.3 5.3 19.05 3.5 20.5 4.95 18.7 6.7ZM4.95 20.5 3.5 19.05 5.3 17.3 6.7 18.7 4.95 20.5ZM19.05 20.5 17.3 18.7 18.7 17.3 20.5 19.05 19.05 20.5ZM5.3 6.7 3.5 4.95 4.95 3.5 6.7 5.3 5.3 6.7ZM12 18Q9.5 18 7.75 16.25T6 12Q6 9.5 7.75 7.75T12 6Q14.5 6 16.25 7.75T18 12Q18 14.5 16.25 16.25T12 18ZM12 16Q13.675 16 14.8375 14.8375T16 12Q16 10.325 14.8375 9.1625T12 8Q10.325 8 9.1625 9.1625T8 12Q8 13.675 9.1625 14.8375T12 16ZM12 12Z"),
    ;
@@ -125,11 +134,10 @@ public enum SVG {
            return pane;
        }

-        Group svg = new Group(path);
        double scale = size / 24;
-        svg.setScaleX(scale);
-        svg.setScaleY(scale);
-        return svg;
+        path.setScaleX(scale);
+        path.setScaleY(scale);
+        return new Group(path);
    }

    public Node createIcon(ObservableValue<? extends Paint> fill, double size) {
@@ -100,7 +100,10 @@ public abstract class ToolbarListPageSkin<T extends ListPageBase<? extends Node>
        ret.getStyleClass().add("jfx-tool-bar-button");
        ret.setGraphic(wrap(svg.createIcon(Theme.blackFill(), -1)));
        ret.setText(text);
-        ret.setOnAction(e -> onClick.run());
+        ret.setOnAction(e -> {
+            onClick.run();
+            FXUtils.clearFocus(ret);
+        });
        return ret;
    }

@@ -1,123 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
- * Copyright (C) 2024 huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-package org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui;
-
-import javafx.scene.Node;
-import javafx.scene.control.Tooltip;
-import javafx.util.Duration;
-
-import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
-import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
-import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
-import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
-import java.lang.reflect.Method;
-
-import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
-
-/**
- * @author Glavo
- */
-public class TooltipInstaller {
-    public static final TooltipInstaller INSTALLER;
-
-    static {
-        TooltipInstaller installer = null;
-
-        try {
-            installer = new NewInstaller();
-        } catch (Throwable e) {
-            try {
-                installer = new OldInstaller();
-            } catch (Throwable e2) {
-                e2.addSuppressed(e);
-                LOG.warning("Failed to initialize TooltipInstaller", e2);
-            }
-        }
-
-        INSTALLER = installer != null ? installer : new TooltipInstaller();
-    }
-
-    TooltipInstaller() {
-    }
-
-    public void installTooltip(Node node, Duration showDelay, Duration showDuration, Duration hideDelay, Tooltip tooltip) {
-        Tooltip.install(node, tooltip);
-    }
-
-    // For Java 8
-    private static final class OldInstaller extends TooltipInstaller {
-        private static final Constructor<?> createTooltipBehavior;
-        private static final Method installTooltipBehavior;
-
-        static {
-            try {
-                Class<?> behaviorClass = Class.forName("javafx.scene.control.Tooltip$TooltipBehavior");
-                createTooltipBehavior = behaviorClass.getDeclaredConstructor(Duration.class, Duration.class, Duration.class, boolean.class);
-                createTooltipBehavior.setAccessible(true);
-                installTooltipBehavior = behaviorClass.getDeclaredMethod("install", Node.class, Tooltip.class);
-                installTooltipBehavior.setAccessible(true);
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
-            }
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void installTooltip(Node node, Duration showDelay, Duration showDuration, Duration hideDelay, Tooltip tooltip) {
-            try {
-                Object behavior = createTooltipBehavior.newInstance(showDelay, showDuration, hideDelay, false);
-                installTooltipBehavior.invoke(behavior, node, tooltip);
-            } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
-                LOG.warning("Failed to set tooltip show delay", e);
-                Tooltip.install(node, tooltip);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    // For Java 9+
-    private static final class NewInstaller extends TooltipInstaller {
-        private static final MethodHandle setTooltipShowDelay;
-        private static final MethodHandle setTooltipShowDuration;
-        private static final MethodHandle setTooltipHideDelay;
-
-        static {
-            try {
-                MethodHandles.Lookup lookup = MethodHandles.publicLookup();
-                MethodType methodType = MethodType.methodType(void.class, Duration.class);
-
-                setTooltipShowDelay = lookup.findVirtual(Tooltip.class, "setShowDelay", methodType);
-                setTooltipShowDuration = lookup.findVirtual(Tooltip.class, "setShowDuration", methodType);
-                setTooltipHideDelay = lookup.findVirtual(Tooltip.class, "setHideDelay", methodType);
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
-            }
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void installTooltip(Node node, Duration showDelay, Duration showDuration, Duration hideDelay, Tooltip tooltip) {
-            try {
-                setTooltipShowDelay.invokeExact(tooltip, showDelay);
-                setTooltipShowDuration.invokeExact(tooltip, showDuration);
-                setTooltipHideDelay.invokeExact(tooltip, hideDelay);
-            } catch (Throwable e) {
-                LOG.warning("Failed to set tooltip show delay", e);
-            }
-
-            Tooltip.install(node, tooltip);
-        }
-    }
-}
@@ -48,11 +48,22 @@ public final class UpgradeDialog extends JFXDialogLayout {
        setBody(new ProgressIndicator());

        String url = CHANGELOG_URL + remoteVersion.getChannel().channelName + ".html";
+        boolean isPreview = remoteVersion.isPreview();
        Task.supplyAsync(Schedulers.io(), () -> {
            Document document = Jsoup.parse(new URL(url), 30 * 1000);
-            Node node = document.selectFirst("#nowchange");
-            if (node == null)
-                throw new IOException("Cannot find #nowchange in document");
+            String id = null;
+            Node node = null;
+            if (isPreview) {
+                id = "nowpreview";
+                node = document.selectFirst("#" + id);
+            }
+            if (node == null) {
+                id = "nowchange";
+                node = document.selectFirst("#" + id);
+            }
+
+            if (node == null || !"h1".equals(node.nodeName()))
+                throw new IOException("Cannot find current changelog in document");

            HTMLRenderer renderer = new HTMLRenderer(uri -> {
                LOG.info("Open link: " + uri);
@@ -60,6 +71,9 @@ public final class UpgradeDialog extends JFXDialogLayout {
            });

            do {
+                if ("h1".equals(node.nodeName()) && !id.equals(node.attr("id"))) {
+                    break;
+                }
                renderer.appendNode(node);
                node = node.nextSibling();
            } while (node != null);
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import javafx.beans.binding.Bindings;
 import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.SimpleObjectProperty;
 import javafx.beans.value.ObservableValue;
-import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
 import javafx.scene.canvas.Canvas;
 import javafx.scene.control.Tooltip;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.Account;
@@ -77,18 +76,9 @@ public class AccountAdvancedListItem extends AdvancedListItem {

        setActionButtonVisible(false);

-        setOnScroll(event -> {
-            Account current = account.get();
-            if (current == null) return;
-            ObservableList<Account> accounts = Accounts.getAccounts();
-            int currentIndex = accounts.indexOf(account.get());
-            if (event.getDeltaY() > 0) { // up
-                currentIndex--;
-            } else { // down
-                currentIndex++;
-            }
-            Accounts.setSelectedAccount(accounts.get((currentIndex + accounts.size()) % accounts.size()));
-        });
+        FXUtils.onScroll(this, Accounts.getAccounts(),
+                accounts -> accounts.indexOf(account.get()),
+                Accounts::setSelectedAccount);
    }

    public ObjectProperty<Account> accountProperty() {
@@ -41,13 +41,14 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.Controllers;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.DialogController;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.MessageDialogPane.MessageType;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.skin.InvalidSkinException;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.skin.NormalizedSkin;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;

-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException;
@@ -116,8 +117,7 @@ public class AccountListItem extends RadioButton {
    }

    public ObservableBooleanValue canUploadSkin() {
-        if (account instanceof AuthlibInjectorAccount) {
-            AuthlibInjectorAccount aiAccount = (AuthlibInjectorAccount) account;
+        if (account instanceof AuthlibInjectorAccount aiAccount) {
            ObjectBinding<Optional<CompleteGameProfile>> profile = aiAccount.getYggdrasilService().getProfileRepository().binding(aiAccount.getUUID());
            return createBooleanBinding(() -> {
                Set<TextureType> uploadableTextures = profile.get()
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public class AccountListItem extends RadioButton {
        FileChooser chooser = new FileChooser();
        chooser.setTitle(i18n("account.skin.upload"));
        chooser.getExtensionFilters().add(new FileChooser.ExtensionFilter(i18n("account.skin.file"), "*.png"));
-        File selectedFile = chooser.showOpenDialog(Controllers.getStage());
+        Path selectedFile = FileUtils.toPath(chooser.showOpenDialog(Controllers.getStage()));
        if (selectedFile == null) {
            return null;
        }
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public class AccountListItem extends RadioButton {
        return refreshAsync()
                .thenRunAsync(() -> {
                    Image skinImg;
-                    try (FileInputStream input = new FileInputStream(selectedFile)) {
+                    try (var input = Files.newInputStream(selectedFile)) {
                        skinImg = new Image(input);
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        throw new InvalidSkinException("Failed to read skin image", e);
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ public class AccountListItem extends RadioButton {
                    NormalizedSkin skin = new NormalizedSkin(skinImg);
                    String model = skin.isSlim() ? "slim" : "";
                    LOG.info("Uploading skin [" + selectedFile + "], model [" + model + "]");
-                    account.uploadSkin(skin.isSlim(), selectedFile.toPath());
+                    account.uploadSkin(skin.isSlim(), selectedFile);
                })
                .thenComposeAsync(refreshAsync())
                .whenComplete(Schedulers.javafx(), e -> {
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.Account;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.authlibinjector.AuthlibInjectorAccount;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.authlibinjector.AuthlibInjectorServer;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.microsoft.MicrosoftAccount;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.game.TexturesLoader;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.Accounts;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.Theme;
@@ -128,6 +129,10 @@ public final class AccountListItemSkin extends SkinBase<AccountListItem> {
        JFXButton btnRefresh = new JFXButton();
        SpinnerPane spinnerRefresh = new SpinnerPane();
        spinnerRefresh.getStyleClass().setAll("small-spinner-pane");
+        if (skinnable.getAccount() instanceof MicrosoftAccount && Accounts.OAUTH_CALLBACK.getClientId().isEmpty()) {
+            btnRefresh.setDisable(true);
+            FXUtils.installFastTooltip(spinnerRefresh, i18n("account.methods.microsoft.snapshot"));
+        }
        btnRefresh.setOnAction(e -> {
            spinnerRefresh.showSpinner();
            skinnable.refreshAsync()
@@ -19,7 +19,14 @@ package org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.account;

 import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXButton;
 import javafx.beans.binding.Bindings;
-import javafx.beans.property.*;
+import javafx.beans.property.BooleanProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.ListProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.ReadOnlyObjectProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.ReadOnlyObjectWrapper;
+import javafx.beans.property.SimpleBooleanProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.SimpleListProperty;
+import javafx.beans.value.ChangeListener;
 import javafx.beans.value.ObservableValue;
 import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
 import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
@@ -40,18 +47,41 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.AdvancedListItem;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.ClassTitle;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.decorator.DecoratorAnimatedPage;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.decorator.DecoratorPage;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.LocaleUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.javafx.BindingMapping;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.javafx.MappedObservableList;

-import java.net.URI;
 import java.util.Locale;

+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder.globalConfig;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.versions.VersionPage.wrap;
-import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.javafx.ExtendedProperties.createSelectedItemPropertyFor;
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
+
+public final class AccountListPage extends DecoratorAnimatedPage implements DecoratorPage {
+    static final BooleanProperty RESTRICTED = new SimpleBooleanProperty(true);
+
+    static {
+        String property = System.getProperty("hmcl.offline.auth.restricted", "auto");
+
+        if ("false".equals(property)
+                || "auto".equals(property) && LocaleUtils.IS_CHINA_MAINLAND
+                || globalConfig().isEnableOfflineAccount())
+            RESTRICTED.set(false);
+        else
+            globalConfig().enableOfflineAccountProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<Boolean>() {
+                @Override
+                public void changed(ObservableValue<? extends Boolean> o, Boolean oldValue, Boolean newValue) {
+                    if (newValue) {
+                        globalConfig().enableOfflineAccountProperty().removeListener(this);
+                        RESTRICTED.set(false);
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+    }

-public class AccountListPage extends DecoratorAnimatedPage implements DecoratorPage {
    private final ObservableList<AccountListItem> items;
    private final ReadOnlyObjectWrapper<State> state = new ReadOnlyObjectWrapper<>(State.fromTitle(i18n("account.manage")));
    private final ListProperty<Account> accounts = new SimpleListProperty<>(this, "accounts", FXCollections.observableArrayList());
@@ -88,6 +118,7 @@ public class AccountListPage extends DecoratorAnimatedPage implements DecoratorP
    private static class AccountListPageSkin extends DecoratorAnimatedPageSkin<AccountListPage> {

        private final ObservableList<AdvancedListItem> authServerItems;
+        private ChangeListener<Boolean> holder;

        public AccountListPageSkin(AccountListPage skinnable) {
            super(skinnable);
@@ -96,24 +127,21 @@ public class AccountListPage extends DecoratorAnimatedPage implements DecoratorP
                VBox boxMethods = new VBox();
                {
                    boxMethods.getStyleClass().add("advanced-list-box-content");
-                    boxMethods.getChildren().add(new ClassTitle(i18n("account.create").toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT)));
                    FXUtils.setLimitWidth(boxMethods, 200);

-                    AdvancedListItem offlineItem = new AdvancedListItem();
-                    offlineItem.getStyleClass().add("navigation-drawer-item");
-                    offlineItem.setActionButtonVisible(false);
-                    offlineItem.setTitle(i18n("account.methods.offline"));
-                    offlineItem.setLeftGraphic(wrap(SVG.PERSON));
-                    offlineItem.setOnAction(e -> Controllers.dialog(new CreateAccountPane(Accounts.FACTORY_OFFLINE)));
-                    boxMethods.getChildren().add(offlineItem);
-
                    AdvancedListItem microsoftItem = new AdvancedListItem();
                    microsoftItem.getStyleClass().add("navigation-drawer-item");
                    microsoftItem.setActionButtonVisible(false);
                    microsoftItem.setTitle(i18n("account.methods.microsoft"));
                    microsoftItem.setLeftGraphic(wrap(SVG.MICROSOFT));
                    microsoftItem.setOnAction(e -> Controllers.dialog(new CreateAccountPane(Accounts.FACTORY_MICROSOFT)));
-                    boxMethods.getChildren().add(microsoftItem);
+
+                    AdvancedListItem offlineItem = new AdvancedListItem();
+                    offlineItem.getStyleClass().add("navigation-drawer-item");
+                    offlineItem.setActionButtonVisible(false);
+                    offlineItem.setTitle(i18n("account.methods.offline"));
+                    offlineItem.setLeftGraphic(wrap(SVG.PERSON));
+                    offlineItem.setOnAction(e -> Controllers.dialog(new CreateAccountPane(Accounts.FACTORY_OFFLINE)));

                    VBox boxAuthServers = new VBox();
                    authServerItems = MappedObservableList.create(skinnable.authServersProperty(), server -> {
@@ -137,7 +165,7 @@ public class AccountListPage extends DecoratorAnimatedPage implements DecoratorP
                        item.titleProperty().bind(title);
                        String host = "";
                        try {
-                            host = URI.create(server.getUrl()).getHost();
+                            host = NetworkUtils.toURI(server.getUrl()).getHost();
                        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                            LOG.warning("Unparsable authlib-injector server url " + server.getUrl(), e);
                        }
@@ -149,7 +177,29 @@ public class AccountListPage extends DecoratorAnimatedPage implements DecoratorP
                        return item;
                    });
                    Bindings.bindContent(boxAuthServers.getChildren(), authServerItems);
-                    boxMethods.getChildren().add(boxAuthServers);
+
+                    ClassTitle title = new ClassTitle(i18n("account.create").toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT));
+                    if (RESTRICTED.get()) {
+                        VBox wrapper = new VBox(offlineItem, boxAuthServers);
+                        wrapper.setPadding(Insets.EMPTY);
+                        FXUtils.installFastTooltip(wrapper, i18n("account.login.restricted"));
+
+                        offlineItem.setDisable(true);
+                        boxAuthServers.setDisable(true);
+
+                        boxMethods.getChildren().setAll(title, microsoftItem, wrapper);
+
+                        holder = FXUtils.onWeakChange(RESTRICTED, value -> {
+                            if (!value) {
+                                holder = null;
+                                offlineItem.setDisable(false);
+                                boxAuthServers.setDisable(false);
+                                boxMethods.getChildren().setAll(title, microsoftItem, offlineItem, boxAuthServers);
+                            }
+                        });
+                    } else {
+                        boxMethods.getChildren().setAll(title, microsoftItem, offlineItem, boxAuthServers);
+                    }
                }

                AdvancedListItem addAuthServerItem = new AdvancedListItem();
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.DialogAware;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.DialogCloseEvent;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.SpinnerPane;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;

 import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -196,7 +195,8 @@ public final class AddAuthlibInjectorServerPane extends TransitionPane implement
                lblServerName.setText(serverBeingAdded.getName());
                lblServerUrl.setText(serverBeingAdded.getUrl());

-                lblServerWarning.setVisible("http".equals(NetworkUtils.toURL(serverBeingAdded.getUrl()).getProtocol()));
+                //noinspection HttpUrlsUsage
+                lblServerWarning.setVisible(serverBeingAdded.getUrl().startsWith("http://"));

                this.setContent(confirmServerPane, ContainerAnimations.SWIPE_LEFT);
            } else {
@@ -108,12 +108,17 @@ public class CreateAccountPane extends JFXDialogLayout implements DialogAware {

    public CreateAccountPane(AccountFactory<?> factory) {
        if (factory == null) {
-            showMethodSwitcher = true;
-            String preferred = config().getPreferredLoginType();
-            try {
-                factory = Accounts.getAccountFactory(preferred);
-            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
-                factory = Accounts.FACTORY_OFFLINE;
+            if (AccountListPage.RESTRICTED.get()) {
+                showMethodSwitcher = false;
+                factory = Accounts.FACTORY_MICROSOFT;
+            } else {
+                showMethodSwitcher = true;
+                String preferred = config().getPreferredLoginType();
+                try {
+                    factory = Accounts.getAccountFactory(preferred);
+                } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+                    factory = Accounts.FACTORY_OFFLINE;
+                }
            }
        } else {
            showMethodSwitcher = false;
@@ -258,17 +263,13 @@ public class CreateAccountPane extends JFXDialogLayout implements DialogAware {
                    }).executor(true);
        };

-        if (factory instanceof OfflineAccountFactory && username != null && !USERNAME_CHECKER_PATTERN.matcher(username).matches()) {
-            Controllers.confirm(
-                    i18n("account.methods.offline.name.invalid"), i18n("message.warning"),
+        if (factory instanceof OfflineAccountFactory && username != null && (!USERNAME_CHECKER_PATTERN.matcher(username).matches() || username.length() > 16)) {
+            Controllers.confirmWithCountdown(i18n("account.methods.offline.name.invalid"), i18n("message.warning"), 10,
                    MessageDialogPane.MessageType.WARNING,
-                    doCreate,
-                    () -> {
-                        lblErrorMessage.setText(i18n("account.methods.offline.name.invalid.tip"));
+                    doCreate, () -> {
                        body.setDisable(false);
                        spinner.hideSpinner();
-                    }
-            );
+                    });
        } else {
            doCreate.run();
        }
@@ -322,7 +323,9 @@ public class CreateAccountPane extends JFXDialogLayout implements DialogAware {
                forgotpasswordLink.setExternalLink("https://account.live.com/ResetPassword.aspx");
                JFXHyperlink createProfileLink = new JFXHyperlink(i18n("account.methods.microsoft.makegameidsettings"));
                createProfileLink.setExternalLink("https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile");
-                box.getChildren().setAll(profileLink, birthLink, purchaseLink, deauthorizeLink, forgotpasswordLink, createProfileLink);
+                JFXHyperlink bannedQueryLink = new JFXHyperlink(i18n("account.methods.ban_query"));
+                bannedQueryLink.setExternalLink("https://enforcement.xbox.com/enforcement/showenforcementhistory");
+                box.getChildren().setAll(profileLink, birthLink, purchaseLink, deauthorizeLink, forgotpasswordLink, createProfileLink, bannedQueryLink);
                GridPane.setColumnSpan(box, 2);

                if (!IntegrityChecker.isOfficial()) {
@@ -39,8 +39,9 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Schedulers;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.Controllers;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.*;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;

-import java.io.File;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.UUID;

@@ -81,16 +82,16 @@ public class OfflineAccountSkinPane extends StackPane {

        canvas.addEventHandler(DragEvent.DRAG_OVER, e -> {
            if (e.getDragboard().hasFiles()) {
-                File file = e.getDragboard().getFiles().get(0);
-                if (file.getAbsolutePath().endsWith(".png"))
+                Path file = e.getDragboard().getFiles().get(0).toPath();
+                if (FileUtils.getName(file).endsWith(".png"))
                    e.acceptTransferModes(TransferMode.COPY);
            }
        });
        canvas.addEventHandler(DragEvent.DRAG_DROPPED, e -> {
            if (e.isAccepted()) {
-                File skin = e.getDragboard().getFiles().get(0);
+                Path skin = e.getDragboard().getFiles().get(0).toPath();
                Platform.runLater(() -> {
-                    skinSelector.setValue(skin.getAbsolutePath());
+                    skinSelector.setValue(FileUtils.getAbsolutePath(skin));
                    skinItem.setSelectedData(Skin.Type.LOCAL_FILE);
                });
            }
@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@ public class TransitionPane extends StackPane implements AnimationHandler {
    private Duration duration;
    private Node previousNode, currentNode;

-    {
-        currentNode = getChildren().stream().findFirst().orElse(null);
+    public TransitionPane() {
        FXUtils.setOverflowHidden(this);
    }

@@ -91,8 +90,12 @@ public class TransitionPane extends StackPane implements AnimationHandler {
    private void updateContent(Node newView) {
        if (getWidth() > 0 && getHeight() > 0) {
            previousNode = currentNode;
-            if (previousNode == null)
-                previousNode = EMPTY_PANE;
+            if (previousNode == null) {
+                if (getChildren().isEmpty())
+                    previousNode = EMPTY_PANE;
+                else
+                    previousNode = getChildren().get(0);
+            }
        } else
            previousNode = EMPTY_PANE;

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ package org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct;
 import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
 import javafx.scene.Node;
 import javafx.scene.control.ScrollPane;
+import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
 import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
 import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
@@ -40,8 +41,16 @@ public class AdvancedListBox extends ScrollPane {
        setFitToHeight(true);
        setFitToWidth(true);
        setHbarPolicy(ScrollBarPolicy.NEVER);
+        setVbarPolicy(ScrollBarPolicy.NEVER);

        container.getStyleClass().add("advanced-list-box-content");
+
+        this.addEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_ENTERED, event -> {
+            if (container.getHeight() > getHeight())
+                setVbarPolicy(ScrollBarPolicy.AS_NEEDED);
+        });
+        this.addEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_EXITED,
+                event -> setVbarPolicy(ScrollBarPolicy.NEVER));
    }

    public AdvancedListBox add(Node child) {
@@ -73,8 +73,7 @@ final class ComponentListCell extends StackPane {

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private void updateLayout() {
-        if (content instanceof ComponentList) {
-            ComponentList list = (ComponentList) content;
+        if (content instanceof ComponentList list) {
            content.getStyleClass().remove("options-list");
            content.getStyleClass().add("options-sublist");

@@ -130,7 +129,10 @@ final class ComponentListCell extends StackPane {
            groupNode.getChildren().add(headerRippler);

            VBox container = new VBox();
-            container.setPadding(new Insets(8, 16, 10, 16));
+            boolean hasPadding = !(list instanceof ComponentSublist subList) || subList.hasComponentPadding();
+            if (hasPadding) {
+                container.setPadding(new Insets(8, 16, 10, 16));
+            }
            FXUtils.setLimitHeight(container, 0);
            FXUtils.setOverflowHidden(container);
            container.getChildren().setAll(content);
@@ -149,7 +151,8 @@ final class ComponentListCell extends StackPane {
                }

                Platform.runLater(() -> {
-                    double newAnimatedHeight = (list.prefHeight(list.getWidth()) + 8 + 10) * (expanded ? 1 : -1);
+                    // FIXME: ComponentSubList without padding must have a 4 pixel padding for displaying a border radius.
+                    double newAnimatedHeight = (list.prefHeight(list.getWidth()) + (hasPadding ? 8 + 10 : 4)) * (expanded ? 1 : -1);
                    double newHeight = expanded ? getHeight() + newAnimatedHeight : prefHeight(list.getWidth());
                    double contentHeight = expanded ? newAnimatedHeight : 0;

@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@
 package org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct;

 import javafx.beans.DefaultProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.BooleanProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.SimpleBooleanProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.SimpleObjectProperty;
 import javafx.scene.Node;

@@ -27,6 +29,7 @@ public class ComponentSublist extends ComponentList {

    private final ObjectProperty<Node> headerLeft = new SimpleObjectProperty<>(this, "headerLeft");
    private final ObjectProperty<Node> headerRight = new SimpleObjectProperty<>(this, "headerRight");
+    private final BooleanProperty componentPadding = new SimpleBooleanProperty(this, "componentPadding", true);

    public ComponentSublist() {
        super();
@@ -55,4 +58,16 @@ public class ComponentSublist extends ComponentList {
    public void setHeaderRight(Node headerRight) {
        this.headerRight.set(headerRight);
    }
+
+    public boolean hasComponentPadding() {
+        return componentPadding.get();
+    }
+
+    public BooleanProperty componentPaddingProperty() {
+        return componentPadding;
+    }
+
+    public void setComponentPadding(boolean componentPadding) {
+        this.componentPadding.set(componentPadding);
+    }
 }
@@ -27,17 +27,19 @@ import javafx.scene.control.Tooltip;
 import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
 import javafx.stage.DirectoryChooser;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.Theme;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.Controllers;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.SVG;

-import java.io.File;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.InvalidPathException;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
-import java.nio.file.Paths;

 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils.onInvalidating;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;

 public class FileItem extends BorderPane {
    private final Label lblPath = new Label();
@@ -77,14 +79,14 @@ public class FileItem extends BorderPane {
    private String processPath(String path) {
        Path given;
        try {
-            given = Paths.get(path).toAbsolutePath();
+            given = Path.of(path).toAbsolutePath().normalize();
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            return path;
        }

        if (isConvertToRelativePath()) {
            try {
-                return Paths.get(".").normalize().toAbsolutePath().relativize(given).normalize().toString();
+                return Metadata.CURRENT_DIRECTORY.relativize(given).normalize().toString();
            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                // the given path can't be relativized against current path
            }
@@ -95,17 +97,22 @@ public class FileItem extends BorderPane {
    public void onExplore() {
        DirectoryChooser chooser = new DirectoryChooser();
        if (path.get() != null) {
-            File file = new File(path.get());
-            if (file.exists()) {
-                if (file.isFile())
-                    file = file.getAbsoluteFile().getParentFile();
-                else if (file.isDirectory())
-                    file = file.getAbsoluteFile();
-                chooser.setInitialDirectory(file);
+            Path file;
+            try {
+                file = Path.of(path.get());
+                if (Files.exists(file)) {
+                    if (Files.isRegularFile(file))
+                        file = file.toAbsolutePath().normalize().getParent();
+                    else if (Files.isDirectory(file))
+                        file = file.toAbsolutePath().normalize();
+                    chooser.setInitialDirectory(file.toFile());
+                }
+            } catch (InvalidPathException e) {
+                LOG.warning("Failed to resolve path: " + path.get());
            }
        }
        chooser.titleProperty().bind(titleProperty());
-        File selectedDir = chooser.showDialog(Controllers.getStage());
+        var selectedDir = chooser.showDialog(Controllers.getStage());
        if (selectedDir != null) {
            path.set(processPath(selectedDir.toString()));
        }
@@ -31,8 +31,9 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.Theme;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.Controllers;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.SVG;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;

-import java.io.File;
+import java.nio.file.Path;

 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;

@@ -86,9 +87,9 @@ public class FileSelector extends HBox {
            if (directory) {
                DirectoryChooser chooser = new DirectoryChooser();
                chooser.setTitle(chooserTitle);
-                File dir = chooser.showDialog(Controllers.getStage());
+                Path dir = FileUtils.toPath(chooser.showDialog(Controllers.getStage()));
                if (dir != null) {
-                    String path = dir.getAbsolutePath();
+                    String path = FileUtils.getAbsolutePath(dir);
                    customField.setText(path);
                    value.setValue(path);
                }
@@ -96,9 +97,9 @@ public class FileSelector extends HBox {
                FileChooser chooser = new FileChooser();
                chooser.getExtensionFilters().addAll(getExtensionFilters());
                chooser.setTitle(chooserTitle);
-                File file = chooser.showOpenDialog(Controllers.getStage());
+                Path file = FileUtils.toPath(chooser.showOpenDialog(Controllers.getStage()));
                if (file != null) {
-                    String path = file.getAbsolutePath();
+                    String path = FileUtils.getAbsolutePath(file);
                    customField.setText(path);
                    value.setValue(path);
                }
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXListCell;
 import javafx.beans.binding.Bindings;
 import javafx.scene.text.Font;

-public class FontComboBox extends JFXComboBox<String> {
+public final class FontComboBox extends JFXComboBox<String> {

    private boolean loaded = false;

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import javafx.beans.property.StringProperty;
 import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
 import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
+import javafx.scene.control.Label;
 import javafx.scene.image.Image;
 import javafx.scene.image.ImageView;
 import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;

 public class IconedTwoLineListItem extends HBox {
    private final StringProperty title = new SimpleStringProperty(this, "title");
-    private final ObservableList<String> tags = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
+    private final ObservableList<Label> tags = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
    private final StringProperty subtitle = new SimpleStringProperty(this, "subtitle");
    private final StringProperty externalLink = new SimpleStringProperty(this, "externalLink");
    private final ObjectProperty<Image> image = new SimpleObjectProperty<>(this, "image");
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ public class IconedTwoLineListItem extends HBox {
        this.title.set(title);
    }

-    public ObservableList<String> getTags() {
+    public ObservableList<Label> getTags() {
        return tags;
    }

@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ public final class MessageDialogPane extends HBox {
                content.getChildren().setAll(textFlow);
            else {
                ScrollPane scrollPane = new ScrollPane(textFlow);
+                FXUtils.smoothScrolling(scrollPane);
                scrollPane.setPrefHeight(350);
                VBox.setVgrow(scrollPane, Priority.ALWAYS);
                scrollPane.setFitToWidth(true);
@@ -160,6 +161,13 @@ public final class MessageDialogPane extends HBox {
            this.dialog = new MessageDialogPane(text, title, type);
        }

+        public Builder addHyperLink(String text, String externalLink) {
+            JFXHyperlink link = new JFXHyperlink(text);
+            link.setExternalLink(externalLink);
+            dialog.actions.getChildren().add(link);
+            return this;
+        }
+
        public Builder addAction(Node actionNode) {
            dialog.addButton(actionNode);
            actionNode.getStyleClass().add("dialog-accept");
@@ -24,11 +24,13 @@ import javafx.beans.property.*;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
 import javafx.scene.Node;
+import javafx.scene.control.ColorPicker;
 import javafx.scene.control.Label;
 import javafx.scene.control.Toggle;
 import javafx.scene.control.ToggleGroup;
 import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
+import javafx.scene.paint.Paint;
 import javafx.stage.FileChooser;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
@@ -297,4 +299,35 @@ public final class MultiFileItem<T> extends VBox {
            return pane;
        }
    }
+
+    public static final class PaintOption<T> extends Option<T> {
+        private final ColorPicker colorPicker = new ColorPicker();
+
+        public PaintOption(String title, T data) {
+            super(title, data);
+        }
+
+        public PaintOption<T> bindBidirectional(Property<Paint> property) {
+            FXUtils.bindPaint(colorPicker, property);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Node createItem(ToggleGroup group) {
+            BorderPane pane = new BorderPane();
+            pane.setPadding(new Insets(3));
+            FXUtils.setLimitHeight(pane, 30);
+
+            left.setText(title);
+            BorderPane.setAlignment(left, Pos.CENTER_LEFT);
+            left.setToggleGroup(group);
+            left.setUserData(data);
+            pane.setLeft(left);
+
+            colorPicker.disableProperty().bind(left.selectedProperty().not());
+            BorderPane.setAlignment(colorPicker, Pos.CENTER_RIGHT);
+            pane.setRight(colorPicker);
+            return pane;
+        }
+    }
 }
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ import javafx.beans.property.StringProperty;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
 import javafx.scene.control.Label;
+import javafx.scene.input.MouseButton;
+import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
 import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
 import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
@@ -61,7 +63,12 @@ public class OptionToggleButton extends StackPane {
        toggleButton.setSize(8);
        FXUtils.setLimitHeight(toggleButton, 30);

-        FXUtils.onClicked(container, () -> toggleButton.setSelected(!toggleButton.isSelected()));
+        container.addEventHandler(MouseEvent.MOUSE_CLICKED, e -> {
+            if (e.getButton() == MouseButton.PRIMARY) {
+                toggleButton.setSelected(!toggleButton.isSelected());
+                e.consume();
+            }
+        });

        FXUtils.onChangeAndOperate(subtitleProperty(), subtitle -> {
            if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(subtitle)) {
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ public class PromptDialogPane extends DialogPane {
    public PromptDialogPane(Builder builder) {
        this.builder = builder;
        setTitle(builder.title);
+        setPrefWidth(560);

        GridPane body = new GridPane();
        body.setVgap(8);
@@ -72,13 +73,13 @@ public class PromptDialogPane extends DialogPane {
                if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(question.question.get())) {
                    body.addRow(rowIndex++, new Label(question.question.get()), textField);
                } else {
-                    GridPane.setColumnSpan(textField, 2);
+                    GridPane.setColumnSpan(textField, 1);
                    body.addRow(rowIndex++, textField);
                }
                GridPane.setMargin(textField, new Insets(0, 0, 20, 0));
            } else if (question instanceof Builder.BooleanQuestion) {
                HBox hBox = new HBox();
-                GridPane.setColumnSpan(hBox, 2);
+                GridPane.setColumnSpan(hBox, 1);
                JFXCheckBox checkBox = new JFXCheckBox();
                hBox.getChildren().setAll(checkBox);
                HBox.setMargin(checkBox, new Insets(0, 0, 0, -10));
@@ -95,12 +96,12 @@ public class PromptDialogPane extends DialogPane {
                if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(question.question.get())) {
                    body.addRow(rowIndex++, new Label(question.question.get()), comboBox);
                } else {
-                    GridPane.setColumnSpan(comboBox, 2);
+                    GridPane.setColumnSpan(comboBox, 1);
                    body.addRow(rowIndex++, comboBox);
                }
            } else if (question instanceof Builder.HintQuestion) {
                HintPane pane = new HintPane();
-                GridPane.setColumnSpan(pane, 2);
+                GridPane.setColumnSpan(pane, 1);
                pane.textProperty().bind(question.question);
                body.addRow(rowIndex++, pane);
            }
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ public class RipplerContainer extends StackPane {
        return StyleableProperties.FACTORY.getCssMetaData();
    }

-    private static class StyleableProperties {
+    private final static class StyleableProperties {
        private static final StyleablePropertyFactory<RipplerContainer> FACTORY = new StyleablePropertyFactory<>(StackPane.getClassCssMetaData());

        private static final CssMetaData<RipplerContainer, Paint> RIPPLER_FILL = FACTORY.createPaintCssMetaData("-jfx-rippler-fill", s -> s.ripplerFill, Color.rgb(0, 200, 255));
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
- * Copyright (C) 2022  huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-package org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct;
-
-import com.jfoenix.validation.base.ValidatorBase;
-import javafx.beans.NamedArg;
-import javafx.scene.control.TextInputControl;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
-
-import java.util.regex.Pattern;
-
-import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;
-
-public class ServerAddressValidator extends ValidatorBase {
-    private final boolean nullable;
-
-    public ServerAddressValidator() {
-        this(false);
-    }
-
-    public ServerAddressValidator(@NamedArg("nullable") boolean nullable) {
-        this(i18n("input.url"), nullable);
-    }
-
-    public ServerAddressValidator(@NamedArg("message") String message, @NamedArg("nullable") boolean nullable) {
-        super(message);
-        this.nullable = nullable;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    protected void eval() {
-        if (srcControl.get() instanceof TextInputControl) {
-            evalTextInputField();
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static final Pattern PATTERN = Pattern.compile("[-a-zA-Z0-9@:%._+~#=]{1,256}(:\\d+)?");
-
-    private void evalTextInputField() {
-        TextInputControl textField = ((TextInputControl) srcControl.get());
-
-        if (StringUtils.isBlank(textField.getText()))
-            hasErrors.set(!nullable);
-        else
-            hasErrors.set(!PATTERN.matcher(textField.getText()).matches());
-    }
-}
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ public class TabHeader extends Control implements TabControl, PageAware {
                }
            }

-            private class HeadersRegion extends StackPane {
+            private final class HeadersRegion extends StackPane {
                private SideAction action;
                private final ObjectProperty<Side> side = new SimpleObjectProperty<Side>() {
                    @Override
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ public class TabHeader extends Control implements TabControl, PageAware {
                    }
                }

-                private class Top extends Horizontal {
+                private final class Top extends Horizontal {
                    @Override
                    public void layoutChildren() {
                        super.layoutChildren();
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ public class TabHeader extends Control implements TabControl, PageAware {
                    }
                }

-                private class Bottom extends Horizontal {
+                private final class Bottom extends Horizontal {
                    @Override
                    public void layoutChildren() {
                        super.layoutChildren();
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ public class TabHeader extends Control implements TabControl, PageAware {
                    }
                }

-                private class Left extends Vertical {
+                private final class Left extends Vertical {
                    @Override
                    public void layoutChildren() {
                        super.layoutChildren();
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ public class TabHeader extends Control implements TabControl, PageAware {
                    }
                }

-                private class Right extends Vertical {
+                private final class Right extends Vertical {
                    @Override
                    public void layoutChildren() {
                        super.layoutChildren();
@@ -22,13 +22,10 @@ import javafx.application.Platform;
 import javafx.beans.property.StringProperty;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.scene.control.Label;
-import javafx.scene.control.ScrollPane;
 import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
 import javafx.scene.layout.Priority;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.FileDownloadTask;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.TaskExecutor;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.TaskListener;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.*;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.TaskCancellationAction;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
@@ -43,7 +40,8 @@ import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;
 public class TaskExecutorDialogPane extends BorderPane {
    private TaskExecutor executor;
    private TaskCancellationAction onCancel;
-    private final Consumer<FileDownloadTask.SpeedEvent> speedEventHandler;
+    @SuppressWarnings({"unused", "FieldCanBeLocal"})
+    private final Consumer<FetchTask.SpeedEvent> speedEventHandler;

    private final Label lblTitle;
    private final Label lblProgress;
@@ -61,16 +59,10 @@ public class TaskExecutorDialogPane extends BorderPane {
            lblTitle = new Label();
            lblTitle.setStyle("-fx-font-size: 14px; -fx-font-weight: BOLD;");

-            ScrollPane scrollPane = new ScrollPane();
-            scrollPane.setFitToHeight(true);
-            scrollPane.setFitToWidth(true);
-            VBox.setVgrow(scrollPane, Priority.ALWAYS);
-            {
-                taskListPane = new TaskListPane();
-                scrollPane.setContent(taskListPane);
-            }
+            taskListPane = new TaskListPane();
+            VBox.setVgrow(taskListPane, Priority.ALWAYS);

-            center.getChildren().setAll(lblTitle, scrollPane);
+            center.getChildren().setAll(lblTitle, taskListPane);
        }

        BorderPane bottom = new BorderPane();
@@ -93,24 +85,21 @@ public class TaskExecutorDialogPane extends BorderPane {
            }
        });

-        speedEventHandler = speedEvent -> {
+        speedEventHandler = FetchTask.SPEED_EVENT.registerWeak(speedEvent -> {
            String unit = "B/s";
            double speed = speedEvent.getSpeed();
            if (speed > 1024) {
                speed /= 1024;
-                unit = "KB/s";
+                unit = "KiB/s";
            }
            if (speed > 1024) {
                speed /= 1024;
-                unit = "MB/s";
+                unit = "MiB/s";
            }
-            double finalSpeed = speed;
-            String finalUnit = unit;
-            Platform.runLater(() -> {
-                lblProgress.setText(String.format("%.1f %s", finalSpeed, finalUnit));
-            });
-        };
-        FileDownloadTask.speedEvent.channel(FileDownloadTask.SpeedEvent.class).registerWeak(speedEventHandler);
+
+            String message = String.format("%.1f %s", speed, unit);
+            Platform.runLater(() -> lblProgress.setText(message));
+        });

        onEscPressed(this, btnCancel::fire);
    }
@@ -17,17 +17,23 @@
 */
 package org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct;

+import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXListView;
 import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXProgressBar;
 import javafx.application.Platform;
+import javafx.beans.WeakListener;
 import javafx.beans.binding.Bindings;
 import javafx.beans.binding.DoubleBinding;
-import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
-import javafx.beans.property.SimpleObjectProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.*;
+import javafx.beans.value.ChangeListener;
+import javafx.beans.value.ObservableValue;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
 import javafx.scene.control.Label;
+import javafx.scene.control.ListCell;
+import javafx.scene.control.ProgressIndicator;
 import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
 import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.download.cleanroom.CleanroomInstallTask;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.download.fabric.FabricAPIInstallTask;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.download.fabric.FabricInstallTask;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.download.forge.ForgeNewInstallTask;
@@ -52,6 +58,7 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.mcbbs.McbbsModpackCompletionTask;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.mcbbs.McbbsModpackExportTask;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.modrinth.ModrinthCompletionTask;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.modrinth.ModrinthInstallTask;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.modrinth.ModrinthModpackExportTask;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.multimc.MultiMCModpackExportTask;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.multimc.MultiMCModpackInstallTask;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.mod.server.ServerModpackCompletionTask;
@@ -63,54 +70,86 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.TaskExecutor;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.TaskListener;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.SVG;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.FXThread;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;

-import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
+import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.stream.Collectors;

 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils.runInFX;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang.tryCast;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;

 public final class TaskListPane extends StackPane {
+    private static final Insets DEFAULT_PROGRESS_NODE_PADDING = new Insets(0, 0, 8, 0);
+    private static final Insets STAGED_PROGRESS_NODE_PADDING = new Insets(0, 0, 8, 26);
+
    private TaskExecutor executor;
-    private final AdvancedListBox listBox = new AdvancedListBox();
+    private final JFXListView<Node> listView = new JFXListView<>();
    private final Map<Task<?>, ProgressListNode> nodes = new HashMap<>();
-    private final List<StageNode> stageNodes = new ArrayList<>();
+    private final Map<String, StageNode> stageNodes = new HashMap<>();
    private final ObjectProperty<Insets> progressNodePadding = new SimpleObjectProperty<>(Insets.EMPTY);
+    private final DoubleProperty cellWidth = new SimpleDoubleProperty();
+
+    private Cell lastCell;

    public TaskListPane() {
-        listBox.setSpacing(0);
+        listView.setPadding(new Insets(12, 0, 0, 0));
+        listView.setCellFactory(l -> new Cell());
+        listView.setSelectionModel(null);
+        FXUtils.onChangeAndOperate(listView.widthProperty(), width -> {
+            double w = width.doubleValue();
+            cellWidth.set(w <= 12.0 ? w : w - 12.0);
+        });

-        getChildren().setAll(listBox);
+        getChildren().setAll(listView);
+    }
+
+    @FXThread
+    private void addStages(@NotNull Collection<String> stages) {
+        for (String stage : stages) {
+            stageNodes.computeIfAbsent(stage, s -> {
+                StageNode node = new StageNode(stage);
+                listView.getItems().add(node);
+                return node;
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    @FXThread
+    private void updateProgressNodePadding() {
+        progressNodePadding.set(stageNodes.isEmpty() ? DEFAULT_PROGRESS_NODE_PADDING : STAGED_PROGRESS_NODE_PADDING);
    }

    public void setExecutor(TaskExecutor executor) {
-        List<String> stages = Lang.removingDuplicates(executor.getStages());
        this.executor = executor;
        executor.addTaskListener(new TaskListener() {
            @Override
            public void onStart() {
                Platform.runLater(() -> {
                    stageNodes.clear();
-                    listBox.clear();
-                    stageNodes.addAll(stages.stream().map(StageNode::new).collect(Collectors.toList()));
-                    stageNodes.forEach(listBox::add);
-
-                    if (stages.isEmpty()) progressNodePadding.setValue(new Insets(0, 0, 8, 0));
-                    else progressNodePadding.setValue(new Insets(0, 0, 8, 26));
+                    listView.getItems().clear();
+                    addStages(executor.getStages());
+                    updateProgressNodePadding();
                });
            }

            @Override
            public void onReady(Task<?> task) {
+                if (task instanceof Task.StagesHintTask) {
+                    Platform.runLater(() -> {
+                        addStages(((Task<?>.StagesHintTask) task).getStages());
+                        updateProgressNodePadding();
+                    });
+                }
+
                if (task.getStage() != null) {
                    Platform.runLater(() -> {
-                        stageNodes.stream().filter(x -> x.stage.equals(task.getStage())).findAny().ifPresent(StageNode::begin);
+                        StageNode node = stageNodes.get(task.getStage());
+                        if (node != null)
+                            node.begin();
                    });
                }
            }
@@ -123,7 +162,11 @@ public final class TaskListPane extends StackPane {
                if (task instanceof GameAssetDownloadTask) {
                    task.setName(i18n("assets.download_all"));
                } else if (task instanceof GameInstallTask) {
+                    if (task.getInheritedStage() != null && task.getInheritedStage().startsWith("hmcl.install.game"))
+                        return;
                    task.setName(i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.game")));
+                } else if (task instanceof CleanroomInstallTask) {
+                    task.setName(i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.cleanroom")));
                } else if (task instanceof ForgeNewInstallTask || task instanceof ForgeOldInstallTask) {
                    task.setName(i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.forge")));
                } else if (task instanceof NeoForgeInstallTask || task instanceof NeoForgeOldInstallTask) {
@@ -147,47 +190,47 @@ public final class TaskListPane extends StackPane {
                } else if (task instanceof ModpackUpdateTask) {
                    task.setName(i18n("modpack.update"));
                } else if (task instanceof CurseInstallTask) {
-                    task.setName(i18n("modpack.install", i18n("modpack.type.curse")));
+                    task.setName(i18n("modpack.installing.given", i18n("modpack.type.curse")));
                } else if (task instanceof MultiMCModpackInstallTask) {
-                    task.setName(i18n("modpack.install", i18n("modpack.type.multimc")));
+                    task.setName(i18n("modpack.installing.given", i18n("modpack.type.multimc")));
                } else if (task instanceof ModrinthInstallTask) {
-                    task.setName(i18n("modpack.install", i18n("modpack.type.modrinth")));
+                    task.setName(i18n("modpack.installing.given", i18n("modpack.type.modrinth")));
                } else if (task instanceof ServerModpackLocalInstallTask) {
-                    task.setName(i18n("modpack.install", i18n("modpack.type.server")));
+                    task.setName(i18n("install.installing") + ": " + i18n("modpack.type.server"));
                } else if (task instanceof HMCLModpackInstallTask) {
-                    task.setName(i18n("modpack.install", i18n("modpack.type.hmcl")));
-                } else if (task instanceof McbbsModpackExportTask || task instanceof MultiMCModpackExportTask || task instanceof ServerModpackExportTask) {
+                    task.setName(i18n("modpack.installing.given", i18n("modpack.type.hmcl")));
+                } else if (task instanceof McbbsModpackExportTask || task instanceof MultiMCModpackExportTask || task instanceof ServerModpackExportTask || task instanceof ModrinthModpackExportTask) {
                    task.setName(i18n("modpack.export"));
                } else if (task instanceof MinecraftInstanceTask) {
                    task.setName(i18n("modpack.scan"));
                } else if (task instanceof MojangJavaDownloadTask) {
                    task.setName(i18n("download.java"));
                } else if (task instanceof JavaInstallTask) {
-                    task.setName(i18n("java.install"));
+                    task.setName(i18n("java.installing"));
                }

                Platform.runLater(() -> {
                    ProgressListNode node = new ProgressListNode(task);
                    nodes.put(task, node);
-                    StageNode stageNode = stageNodes.stream().filter(x -> x.stage.equals(task.getInheritedStage())).findAny().orElse(null);
-                    listBox.add(listBox.indexOf(stageNode) + 1, node);
+                    StageNode stageNode = stageNodes.get(task.getInheritedStage());
+                    listView.getItems().add(listView.getItems().indexOf(stageNode) + 1, node);
                });
            }

            @Override
            public void onFinished(Task<?> task) {
-                if (task.getStage() != null) {
-                    Platform.runLater(() -> {
-                        stageNodes.stream().filter(x -> x.stage.equals(task.getStage())).findAny().ifPresent(StageNode::succeed);
-                    });
-                }
-
                Platform.runLater(() -> {
+                    if (task.getStage() != null) {
+                        StageNode stageNode = stageNodes.get(task.getStage());
+                        if (stageNode != null)
+                            stageNode.succeed();
+                    }
+
                    ProgressListNode node = nodes.remove(task);
-                    if (node == null)
-                        return;
-                    node.unbind();
-                    listBox.remove(node);
+                    if (node != null) {
+                        node.unbind();
+                        listView.getItems().remove(node);
+                    }
                });
            }

@@ -195,25 +238,23 @@ public final class TaskListPane extends StackPane {
            public void onFailed(Task<?> task, Throwable throwable) {
                if (task.getStage() != null) {
                    Platform.runLater(() -> {
-                        stageNodes.stream().filter(x -> x.stage.equals(task.getStage())).findAny().ifPresent(StageNode::fail);
+                        StageNode stageNode = stageNodes.get(task.getStage());
+                        if (stageNode != null)
+                            stageNode.fail();
                    });
                }
                ProgressListNode node = nodes.remove(task);
-                if (node == null)
-                    return;
-                Platform.runLater(() -> {
-                    node.setThrowable(throwable);
-                });
+                if (node != null)
+                    Platform.runLater(() -> node.setThrowable(throwable));
            }

            @Override
            public void onPropertiesUpdate(Task<?> task) {
                if (task instanceof Task.CountTask) {
                    runInFX(() -> {
-                        stageNodes.stream()
-                                .filter(x -> x.stage.equals(((Task<?>.CountTask) task).getCountStage()))
-                                .findAny()
-                                .ifPresent(StageNode::count);
+                        StageNode stageNode = stageNodes.get(((Task<?>.CountTask) task).getCountStage());
+                        if (stageNode != null)
+                            stageNode.count();
                    });

                    return;
@@ -222,121 +263,252 @@ public final class TaskListPane extends StackPane {
                if (task.getStage() != null) {
                    int total = tryCast(task.getProperties().get("total"), Integer.class).orElse(0);
                    runInFX(() -> {
-                        stageNodes.stream()
-                                .filter(x -> x.stage.equals(task.getStage()))
-                                .findAny()
-                                .ifPresent(stageNode -> {
-                                    stageNode.setTotal(total);
-                                });
+                        StageNode stageNode = stageNodes.get(task.getStage());
+                        if (stageNode != null)
+                            stageNode.addTotal(total);
                    });
                }
            }
        });
    }

-    private static class StageNode extends BorderPane {
-        private final String stage;
+    private final class Cell extends ListCell<Node> {
+        private static final double STATUS_ICON_SIZE = 14;
+
+        private final BorderPane pane = new BorderPane();
+        private final StackPane left = new StackPane();
        private final Label title = new Label();
+        private final Label message = new Label();
+        private final JFXProgressBar bar = new JFXProgressBar();
+
+        private WeakReference<StageNode> prevStageNodeRef;
+        private StatusChangeListener statusChangeListener;
+
+        private Cell() {
+            setPadding(new Insets(0, 0, 4, 0));
+
+            prefWidthProperty().bind(cellWidth);
+
+            FXUtils.setLimitHeight(left, STATUS_ICON_SIZE);
+            FXUtils.setLimitWidth(left, STATUS_ICON_SIZE);
+
+            BorderPane.setAlignment(left, Pos.CENTER_LEFT);
+            BorderPane.setMargin(left, new Insets(0, 12, 0, 0));
+            BorderPane.setAlignment(title, Pos.CENTER_LEFT);
+            pane.setCenter(title);
+
+            DoubleBinding barWidth = Bindings.createDoubleBinding(() -> {
+                Insets padding = pane.getPadding();
+                Insets insets = pane.getInsets();
+                return pane.getWidth() - padding.getLeft() - padding.getRight() - insets.getLeft() - insets.getRight();
+            }, pane.paddingProperty(), pane.widthProperty());
+            bar.minWidthProperty().bind(barWidth);
+            bar.prefWidthProperty().bind(barWidth);
+            bar.maxWidthProperty().bind(barWidth);
+
+            setGraphic(pane);
+        }
+
+        private void updateLeftIcon(StageNode.Status status) {
+            left.getChildren().setAll(status.svg.createIcon(Theme.blackFill(), STATUS_ICON_SIZE));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void updateItem(Node item, boolean empty) {
+            super.updateItem(item, empty);
+
+            // https://mail.openjdk.org/pipermail/openjfx-dev/2022-July/034764.html
+            if (this == lastCell && !isVisible())
+                return;
+            lastCell = this;
+
+            pane.paddingProperty().unbind();
+            title.textProperty().unbind();
+            message.textProperty().unbind();
+            bar.progressProperty().unbind();
+
+            StageNode prevStageNode;
+            if (prevStageNodeRef != null && (prevStageNode = prevStageNodeRef.get()) != null)
+                prevStageNode.status.removeListener(statusChangeListener);
+
+            if (item instanceof ProgressListNode) {
+                var progressListNode = (ProgressListNode) item;
+                title.setText(progressListNode.title);
+                message.textProperty().bind(progressListNode.message);
+                bar.progressProperty().bind(progressListNode.progress);
+
+                pane.paddingProperty().bind(progressNodePadding);
+                pane.setLeft(null);
+                pane.setRight(message);
+                pane.setBottom(bar);
+            } else if (item instanceof StageNode) {
+                var stageNode = (StageNode) item;
+                title.textProperty().bind(stageNode.title);
+                message.setText("");
+                bar.setProgress(ProgressIndicator.INDETERMINATE_PROGRESS);
+
+                pane.setPadding(Insets.EMPTY);
+                pane.setLeft(left);
+                pane.setRight(message);
+                pane.setBottom(null);
+
+                updateLeftIcon(stageNode.status.get());
+                if (statusChangeListener == null)
+                    statusChangeListener = new StatusChangeListener(this);
+                stageNode.status.addListener(statusChangeListener);
+                prevStageNodeRef = new WeakReference<>(stageNode);
+            } else { // item == null
+                title.setText("");
+                message.setText("");
+                bar.setProgress(ProgressIndicator.INDETERMINATE_PROGRESS);
+                pane.setPadding(Insets.EMPTY);
+                pane.setLeft(null);
+                pane.setRight(null);
+                pane.setBottom(null);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class StatusChangeListener implements ChangeListener<StageNode.Status>, WeakListener {
+
+        private final WeakReference<Cell> cellRef;
+
+        private StatusChangeListener(Cell cell) {
+            this.cellRef = new WeakReference<>(cell);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean wasGarbageCollected() {
+            return cellRef.get() == null;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void changed(ObservableValue<? extends StageNode.Status> observable,
+                            StageNode.Status oldValue,
+                            StageNode.Status newValue) {
+            Cell cell = cellRef.get();
+            if (cell == null) {
+                if (observable != null)
+                    observable.removeListener(this);
+                return;
+            }
+            cell.updateLeftIcon(newValue);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static abstract class Node {
+
+    }
+
+    private static final class StageNode extends Node {
+        private enum Status {
+            WAITING(SVG.MORE_HORIZ),
+            RUNNING(SVG.ARROW_FORWARD),
+            SUCCESS(SVG.CHECK),
+            FAILED(SVG.CLOSE);
+
+            private final SVG svg;
+
+            Status(SVG svg) {
+                this.svg = svg;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private final ObjectProperty<Status> status = new SimpleObjectProperty<>(Status.WAITING);
+        private final StringProperty title = new SimpleStringProperty();
        private final String message;
        private int count = 0;
        private int total = 0;
-        private boolean started = false;

-        public StageNode(String stage) {
-            this.stage = stage;
+        private StageNode(String stage) {
+            String stageKey;
+            String stageValue;

-            String stageKey = StringUtils.substringBefore(stage, ':');
-            String stageValue = StringUtils.substringAfter(stage, ':');
+            int idx = stage.indexOf(':');
+            if (idx >= 0) {
+                stageKey = stage.substring(0, idx);
+                stageValue = stage.substring(idx + 1);
+            } else {
+                stageKey = stage;
+                stageValue = null;
+            }

+            // CHECKSTYLE:OFF
            // @formatter:off
            switch (stageKey) {
-                case "hmcl.modpack": message = i18n("install.modpack"); break;
-                case "hmcl.modpack.download": message = i18n("launch.state.modpack"); break;
-                case "hmcl.install.assets": message = i18n("assets.download"); break;
-                case "hmcl.install.game": message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.game") + " " + stageValue); break;
-                case "hmcl.install.forge": message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.forge") + " " + stageValue); break;
-                case "hmcl.install.neoforge": message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.neoforge") + " " + stageValue); break;
+                case "hmcl.modpack":            message = i18n("install.modpack"); break;
+                case "hmcl.modpack.download":   message = i18n("launch.state.modpack"); break;
+                case "hmcl.install.assets":     message = i18n("assets.download"); break;
+                case "hmcl.install.libraries":  message = i18n("libraries.download"); break;
+                case "hmcl.install.game":       message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.game") + " " + stageValue); break;
+                case "hmcl.install.forge":      message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.forge") + " " + stageValue); break;
+                case "hmcl.install.cleanroom":  message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.cleanroom") + " " + stageValue); break;
+                case "hmcl.install.neoforge":   message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.neoforge") + " " + stageValue); break;
                case "hmcl.install.liteloader": message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.liteloader") + " " + stageValue); break;
-                case "hmcl.install.optifine": message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.optifine") + " " + stageValue); break;
-                case "hmcl.install.fabric": message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.fabric") + " " + stageValue); break;
+                case "hmcl.install.optifine":   message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.optifine") + " " + stageValue); break;
+                case "hmcl.install.fabric":     message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.fabric") + " " + stageValue); break;
                case "hmcl.install.fabric-api": message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.fabric-api") + " " + stageValue); break;
-                case "hmcl.install.quilt": message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.quilt") + " " + stageValue); break;
-                default: message = i18n(stageKey); break;
+                case "hmcl.install.quilt":      message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.quilt") + " " + stageValue); break;
+                case "hmcl.install.quilt-api":  message = i18n("install.installer.install", i18n("install.installer.quilt-api") + " " + stageValue); break;
+                default:                        message = i18n(stageKey); break;
            }
            // @formatter:on
+            // CHECKSTYLE:ON

-            title.setText(message);
-            BorderPane.setAlignment(title, Pos.CENTER_LEFT);
-            BorderPane.setMargin(title, new Insets(0, 0, 0, 8));
-            setPadding(new Insets(0, 0, 8, 4));
-            setCenter(title);
-            setLeft(FXUtils.limitingSize(SVG.MORE_HORIZ.createIcon(Theme.blackFill(), 14), 14, 14));
+            title.set(message);
        }

-        public void begin() {
-            if (started) return;
-            started = true;
-            setLeft(FXUtils.limitingSize(SVG.ARROW_FORWARD.createIcon(Theme.blackFill(), 14), 14, 14));
+        private void begin() {
+            if (status.get() == Status.WAITING) {
+                status.set(Status.RUNNING);
+            }
        }

        public void fail() {
-            setLeft(FXUtils.limitingSize(SVG.CLOSE.createIcon(Theme.blackFill(), 14), 14, 14));
+            status.set(Status.FAILED);
        }

        public void succeed() {
-            setLeft(FXUtils.limitingSize(SVG.CHECK.createIcon(Theme.blackFill(), 14), 14, 14));
+            status.set(Status.SUCCESS);
        }

        public void count() {
            updateCounter(++count, total);
        }

-        public void setTotal(int total) {
-            this.total = total;
+        public void addTotal(int n) {
+            this.total += n;
            updateCounter(count, total);
        }

        public void updateCounter(int count, int total) {
-            if (total > 0)
-                title.setText(String.format("%s - %d/%d", message, count, total));
-            else
-                title.setText(message);
+            title.setValue(total > 0
+                    ? message + " - " + count + "/" + total
+                    : message
+            );
        }
    }

-    private class ProgressListNode extends BorderPane {
-        private final JFXProgressBar bar = new JFXProgressBar();
-        private final Label title = new Label();
-        private final Label state = new Label();
-        private final DoubleBinding binding = Bindings.createDoubleBinding(() ->
-                        getWidth() - getPadding().getLeft() - getPadding().getRight() - getInsets().getLeft() - getInsets().getRight(),
-                paddingProperty(), widthProperty());
+    private static final class ProgressListNode extends Node {
+        private final String title;
+        private final StringProperty message = new SimpleStringProperty("");
+        private final DoubleProperty progress = new SimpleDoubleProperty(0.0);

-        public ProgressListNode(Task<?> task) {
-            bar.progressProperty().bind(task.progressProperty());
-            title.setText(task.getName());
-            state.textProperty().bind(task.messageProperty());
-
-            setLeft(title);
-            setRight(state);
-            setBottom(bar);
-
-            bar.minWidthProperty().bind(binding);
-            bar.prefWidthProperty().bind(binding);
-            bar.maxWidthProperty().bind(binding);
-
-            paddingProperty().bind(progressNodePadding);
+        private ProgressListNode(Task<?> task) {
+            this.title = task.getName();
+            message.bind(task.messageProperty());
+            progress.bind(task.progressProperty());
        }

        public void unbind() {
-            bar.progressProperty().unbind();
-            state.textProperty().unbind();
+            message.unbind();
+            progress.unbind();
        }

        public void setThrowable(Throwable throwable) {
            unbind();
-            state.setText(throwable.getLocalizedMessage());
-            bar.setProgress(0);
+            message.set(throwable.getLocalizedMessage());
+            progress.set(0.);
        }
    }
 }
@@ -29,16 +29,21 @@ import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.AggregatedObservableList;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.javafx.MappedObservableList;

 public class TwoLineListItem extends VBox {
    private static final String DEFAULT_STYLE_CLASS = "two-line-list-item";

+    private static Label createTagLabel(String tag) {
+        Label tagLabel = new Label();
+        tagLabel.setText(tag);
+        HBox.setMargin(tagLabel, new Insets(0, 8, 0, 0));
+        return tagLabel;
+    }
+
    private final StringProperty title = new SimpleStringProperty(this, "title");
-    private final ObservableList<String> tags = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
+    private final ObservableList<Label> tags = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
    private final StringProperty subtitle = new SimpleStringProperty(this, "subtitle");

-    private final ObservableList<Node> tagLabels;
    private final AggregatedObservableList<Node> firstLineChildren;

    public TwoLineListItem(String titleString, String subtitleString) {
@@ -58,16 +63,9 @@ public class TwoLineListItem extends VBox {
        lblTitle.getStyleClass().add("title");
        lblTitle.textProperty().bind(title);

-        tagLabels = MappedObservableList.create(tags, tag -> {
-            Label tagLabel = new Label();
-            tagLabel.getStyleClass().add("tag");
-            tagLabel.setText(tag);
-            HBox.setMargin(tagLabel, new Insets(0, 8, 0, 0));
-            return tagLabel;
-        });
        firstLineChildren = new AggregatedObservableList<>();
        firstLineChildren.appendList(FXCollections.singletonObservableList(lblTitle));
-        firstLineChildren.appendList(tagLabels);
+        firstLineChildren.appendList(tags);
        Bindings.bindContent(firstLine.getChildren(), firstLineChildren.getAggregatedList());

        Label lblSubtitle = new Label();
@@ -111,7 +109,19 @@ public class TwoLineListItem extends VBox {
        this.subtitle.set(subtitle);
    }

-    public ObservableList<String> getTags() {
+    public void addTag(String tag) {
+        Label tagLabel = createTagLabel(tag);
+        tagLabel.getStyleClass().add("tag");
+        getTags().add(tagLabel);
+    }
+
+    public void addTagWarning(String tag) {
+        Label tagLabel = createTagLabel(tag);
+        tagLabel.getStyleClass().add("tag-warning");
+        getTags().add(tagLabel);
+    }
+
+    public ObservableList<Label> getTags() {
        return tags;
    }

@@ -21,10 +21,7 @@ import com.jfoenix.validation.base.ValidatorBase;
 import javafx.beans.NamedArg;
 import javafx.scene.control.TextInputControl;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
-
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.net.URISyntaxException;
-import java.net.URL;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;

 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;

@@ -58,9 +55,9 @@ public class URLValidator extends ValidatorBase {
            hasErrors.set(!nullable);
        else {
            try {
-                new URL(textField.getText()).toURI();
+                NetworkUtils.toURI(textField.getText());
                hasErrors.set(false);
-            } catch (IOException | URISyntaxException e) {
+            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                hasErrors.set(true);
            }
        }
@@ -31,18 +31,21 @@ import javafx.event.EventHandler;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.scene.Node;
 import javafx.scene.image.Image;
-import javafx.scene.input.DragEvent;
-import javafx.scene.input.KeyEvent;
-import javafx.scene.input.MouseButton;
-import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
+import javafx.scene.image.PixelReader;
+import javafx.scene.image.PixelWriter;
+import javafx.scene.image.WritableImage;
+import javafx.scene.input.*;
 import javafx.scene.layout.*;
 import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
+import javafx.scene.paint.Paint;
 import javafx.stage.Stage;
 import javafx.util.Duration;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Launcher;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.authlibinjector.AuthlibInjectorDnD;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.EnumBackgroundImage;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Schedulers;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.Controllers;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.account.AddAuthlibInjectorServerPane;
@@ -54,26 +57,23 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.Navigator;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.JFXDialogPane;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.wizard.Refreshable;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.wizard.WizardProvider;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;

 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.net.URL;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Locale;
-import java.util.Optional;
-import java.util.Random;
-import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.*;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;

 import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.ConfigHolder.config;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils.newBuiltinImage;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils.onEscPressed;
-import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils.getExtension;
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;

 public class DecoratorController {
    private static final String PROPERTY_DIALOG_CLOSE_HANDLER = DecoratorController.class.getName() + ".dialog.closeListener";
@@ -123,18 +123,13 @@ public class DecoratorController {

        // Setup background
        decorator.setContentBackground(getBackground());
-        changeBackgroundListener = o -> {
-            final int currentCount = ++this.changeBackgroundCount;
-            CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(this::getBackground, Schedulers.io())
-                    .thenAcceptAsync(background -> {
-                        if (this.changeBackgroundCount == currentCount)
-                            decorator.setContentBackground(background);
-                    }, Schedulers.javafx());
-        };
+        changeBackgroundListener = o -> updateBackground();
        WeakInvalidationListener weakListener = new WeakInvalidationListener(changeBackgroundListener);
        config().backgroundImageTypeProperty().addListener(weakListener);
        config().backgroundImageProperty().addListener(weakListener);
        config().backgroundImageUrlProperty().addListener(weakListener);
+        config().backgroundPaintProperty().addListener(weakListener);
+        config().backgroundImageOpacityProperty().addListener(weakListener);

        // pass key events to current dialog / current page
        decorator.addEventFilter(KeyEvent.ANY, e -> {
@@ -170,17 +165,23 @@ public class DecoratorController {
        // press ESC to go back
        onEscPressed(navigator, this::back);

-        try {
-            // For JavaFX 12+
-            MouseButton button = MouseButton.valueOf("BACK");
-            navigator.addEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_CLICKED, e -> {
-                if (e.getButton() == button) {
-                    back();
+        // https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/issues/4290
+        if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS != OperatingSystem.MACOS) {
+            // press F11 to toggle full screen
+            navigator.addEventHandler(KeyEvent.KEY_PRESSED, e -> {
+                if (e.getCode() == KeyCode.F11) {
+                    stage.setFullScreen(!stage.isFullScreen());
                    e.consume();
                }
            });
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException ignored) {
        }
+
+        navigator.addEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_CLICKED, e -> {
+            if (e.getButton() == MouseButton.BACK) {
+                back();
+                e.consume();
+            }
+        });
    }

    public Decorator getDecorator() {
@@ -195,8 +196,24 @@ public class DecoratorController {
    @SuppressWarnings("FieldCanBeLocal") // Strong reference
    private final InvalidationListener changeBackgroundListener;

+    private void updateBackground() {
+        final int currentCount = ++this.changeBackgroundCount;
+        Task.supplyAsync(Schedulers.io(), this::getBackground)
+                .setName("Update background")
+                .whenComplete(Schedulers.javafx(), (background, exception) -> {
+                    if (exception == null) {
+                        if (this.changeBackgroundCount == currentCount)
+                            decorator.setContentBackground(background);
+                    } else {
+                        LOG.warning("Failed to update background", exception);
+                    }
+                }).start();
+    }
+
    private Background getBackground() {
        EnumBackgroundImage imageType = config().getBackgroundImageType();
+        if (imageType == null)
+            imageType = EnumBackgroundImage.DEFAULT;

        Image image = null;
        switch (imageType) {
@@ -213,7 +230,7 @@ public class DecoratorController {
                String backgroundImageUrl = config().getBackgroundImageUrl();
                if (backgroundImageUrl != null) {
                    try {
-                        image = FXUtils.loadImage(new URL(backgroundImageUrl));
+                        image = FXUtils.loadImage(backgroundImageUrl);
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        LOG.warning("Couldn't load background image", e);
                    }
@@ -222,25 +239,82 @@ public class DecoratorController {
            case CLASSIC:
                image = newBuiltinImage("/assets/img/background-classic.jpg");
                break;
-            case TRANSLUCENT:
+            case TRANSLUCENT: // Deprecated
                return new Background(new BackgroundFill(new Color(1, 1, 1, 0.5), CornerRadii.EMPTY, Insets.EMPTY));
+            case PAINT:
+                Paint paint = config().getBackgroundPaint();
+                double opacity = Lang.clamp(0, config().getBackgroundImageOpacity(), 100) / 100.;
+                if (paint instanceof Color || paint == null) {
+                    Color color = (Color) paint;
+                    if (color == null)
+                        color = Color.WHITE; // Default to white if no color is set
+                    if (opacity < 1.)
+                        color = new Color(color.getRed(), color.getGreen(), color.getBlue(), opacity);
+                    return new Background(new BackgroundFill(color, CornerRadii.EMPTY, Insets.EMPTY));
+                } else {
+                    // TODO: Support opacity for non-color paints
+                    return new Background(new BackgroundFill(paint, CornerRadii.EMPTY, Insets.EMPTY));
+                }
        }
        if (image == null) {
            image = loadDefaultBackgroundImage();
        }
-        return new Background(new BackgroundImage(image, BackgroundRepeat.NO_REPEAT, BackgroundRepeat.NO_REPEAT, BackgroundPosition.DEFAULT, new BackgroundSize(800, 480, false, false, true, true)));
+        return createBackgroundWithOpacity(image, config().getBackgroundImageOpacity());
+    }
+
+    private Background createBackgroundWithOpacity(Image image, int opacity) {
+        if (opacity <= 0) {
+            return new Background(new BackgroundFill(new Color(1, 1, 1, 0), CornerRadii.EMPTY, Insets.EMPTY));
+        } else if (opacity >= 100) {
+            return new Background(new BackgroundImage(
+                    image,
+                    BackgroundRepeat.NO_REPEAT,
+                    BackgroundRepeat.NO_REPEAT,
+                    BackgroundPosition.DEFAULT,
+                    new BackgroundSize(800, 480, false, false, true, true)
+            ));
+        } else {
+            WritableImage tempImage = new WritableImage((int) image.getWidth(), (int) image.getHeight());
+            PixelReader pixelReader = image.getPixelReader();
+            PixelWriter pixelWriter = tempImage.getPixelWriter();
+            for (int y = 0; y < image.getHeight(); y++) {
+                for (int x = 0; x < image.getWidth(); x++) {
+                    Color color = pixelReader.getColor(x, y);
+                    Color newColor = new Color(color.getRed(), color.getGreen(), color.getBlue(), color.getOpacity() * opacity / 100);
+                    pixelWriter.setColor(x, y, newColor);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return new Background(new BackgroundImage(
+                    tempImage,
+                    BackgroundRepeat.NO_REPEAT,
+                    BackgroundRepeat.NO_REPEAT,
+                    BackgroundPosition.DEFAULT,
+                    new BackgroundSize(800, 480, false, false, true, true)
+            ));
+        }
    }

    /**
     * Load background image from bg/, background.png, background.jpg, background.gif
     */
    private Image loadDefaultBackgroundImage() {
-        Image image = randomImageIn(Paths.get("bg"));
+        Image image = randomImageIn(Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY.resolve("background"));
        if (image != null)
            return image;

        for (String extension : FXUtils.IMAGE_EXTENSIONS) {
-            image = tryLoadImage(Paths.get("background." + extension));
+            image = tryLoadImage(Metadata.HMCL_CURRENT_DIRECTORY.resolve("background." + extension));
+            if (image != null)
+                return image;
+        }
+
+        image = randomImageIn(Metadata.CURRENT_DIRECTORY.resolve("bg"));
+        if (image != null)
+            return image;
+
+        for (String extension : FXUtils.IMAGE_EXTENSIONS) {
+            image = tryLoadImage(Metadata.CURRENT_DIRECTORY.resolve("background." + extension));
            if (image != null)
                return image;
        }
@@ -300,8 +374,9 @@ public class DecoratorController {
        if (navigator.getCurrentPage() instanceof DecoratorPage) {
            DecoratorPage page = (DecoratorPage) navigator.getCurrentPage();

+            // FIXME: Get WorldPage working first, and revisit this later
+            page.closePage();
            if (page.isPageCloseable()) {
-                page.closePage();
                return;
            }
        }
@@ -18,8 +18,11 @@
 package org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.decorator;

 import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXButton;
+import javafx.beans.InvalidationListener;
+import javafx.beans.WeakInvalidationListener;
 import javafx.beans.binding.Bindings;
 import javafx.collections.ListChangeListener;
+import javafx.event.EventHandler;
 import javafx.geometry.Bounds;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
@@ -29,6 +32,7 @@ import javafx.scene.control.Label;
 import javafx.scene.control.SkinBase;
 import javafx.scene.effect.BlurType;
 import javafx.scene.effect.DropShadow;
+import javafx.scene.input.MouseButton;
 import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
 import javafx.scene.layout.*;
 import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
@@ -43,6 +47,7 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.animation.AnimationProducer;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.animation.ContainerAnimations;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.animation.TransitionPane;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.wizard.Navigation;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;

 public class DecoratorSkin extends SkinBase<Decorator> {
    private final StackPane root, parent;
@@ -50,6 +55,10 @@ public class DecoratorSkin extends SkinBase<Decorator> {
    private final Stage primaryStage;
    private final TransitionPane navBarPane;

+    @SuppressWarnings("FieldCanBeLocal")
+    private final InvalidationListener onWindowsStatusChange;
+    private final EventHandler<MouseEvent> onTitleBarDoubleClick;
+
    private double mouseInitX, mouseInitY, stageInitX, stageInitY, stageInitWidth, stageInitHeight;

    /**
@@ -80,9 +89,41 @@ public class DecoratorSkin extends SkinBase<Decorator> {

        skinnable.getSnackbar().registerSnackbarContainer(parent);

-        root.addEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED, this::onMouseReleased);
-        root.addEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DRAGGED, this::onMouseDragged);
-        root.addEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_MOVED, this::onMouseMoved);
+        EventHandler<MouseEvent> onMouseReleased = this::onMouseReleased;
+        EventHandler<MouseEvent> onMouseDragged = this::onMouseDragged;
+        EventHandler<MouseEvent> onMouseMoved = this::onMouseMoved;
+
+        // https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/issues/4290
+        if (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS != OperatingSystem.MACOS) {
+            onWindowsStatusChange = observable -> {
+                if (primaryStage.isIconified() || primaryStage.isFullScreen() || primaryStage.isMaximized()) {
+                    root.removeEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED, onMouseReleased);
+                    root.removeEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DRAGGED, onMouseDragged);
+                    root.removeEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_MOVED, onMouseMoved);
+                } else {
+                    root.addEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED, onMouseReleased);
+                    root.addEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DRAGGED, onMouseDragged);
+                    root.addEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_MOVED, onMouseMoved);
+                }
+            };
+            onTitleBarDoubleClick = event -> {
+                if (event.getButton() == MouseButton.PRIMARY && event.getClickCount() == 2) {
+                    primaryStage.setMaximized(!primaryStage.isMaximized());
+                    event.consume();
+                }
+            };
+            WeakInvalidationListener weakOnWindowsStatusChange = new WeakInvalidationListener(onWindowsStatusChange);
+            primaryStage.iconifiedProperty().addListener(weakOnWindowsStatusChange);
+            primaryStage.maximizedProperty().addListener(weakOnWindowsStatusChange);
+            primaryStage.fullScreenProperty().addListener(weakOnWindowsStatusChange);
+            onWindowsStatusChange.invalidated(null);
+        } else {
+            onWindowsStatusChange = null;
+            onTitleBarDoubleClick = null;
+            root.addEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED, onMouseReleased);
+            root.addEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DRAGGED, onMouseDragged);
+            root.addEventFilter(MouseEvent.MOUSE_MOVED, onMouseMoved);
+        }

        shadowContainer.getChildren().setAll(parent);
        root.getChildren().setAll(shadowContainer);
@@ -282,6 +323,8 @@ public class DecoratorSkin extends SkinBase<Decorator> {
                BorderPane.setAlignment(titleNode, Pos.CENTER_LEFT);
                BorderPane.setMargin(titleNode, new Insets(0, 0, 0, 8));
            }
+            if (onTitleBarDoubleClick != null)
+                center.setOnMouseClicked(onTitleBarDoubleClick);
            navBar.setCenter(center);

            if (canRefresh) {
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.Navigator;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.PageCloseEvent;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.wizard.*;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.SettingsMap;

-import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;

 public class DecoratorWizardDisplayer extends DecoratorTransitionPage implements WizardDisplayer {
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ public class DecoratorWizardDisplayer extends DecoratorTransitionPage implements
    }

    @Override
-    public void handleTask(Map<String, Object> settings, Task<?> task) {
+    public void handleTask(SettingsMap settings, Task<?> task) {
        displayer.handleTask(settings, task);
    }

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.download;
+
+import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXButton;
+import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXTextField;
+import javafx.beans.property.BooleanProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.SimpleBooleanProperty;
+import javafx.geometry.Insets;
+import javafx.geometry.Pos;
+import javafx.scene.control.*;
+import javafx.scene.layout.FlowPane;
+import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.download.DownloadProvider;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.download.LibraryAnalyzer;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.Controllers;
+import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.InstallerItem;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.MessageDialogPane;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.wizard.WizardController;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.wizard.WizardPage;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.SettingsMap;
+
+import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;
+
+public abstract class AbstractInstallersPage extends Control implements WizardPage {
+    protected final WizardController controller;
+
+    protected InstallerItem.InstallerItemGroup group;
+    protected JFXTextField txtName = new JFXTextField();
+
+    protected BooleanProperty installable = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
+
+    public AbstractInstallersPage(WizardController controller, String gameVersion, DownloadProvider downloadProvider) {
+        this.controller = controller;
+        this.group = new InstallerItem.InstallerItemGroup(gameVersion, getInstallerItemStyle());
+
+        for (InstallerItem library : group.getLibraries()) {
+            String libraryId = library.getLibraryId();
+            if (libraryId.equals(LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryType.MINECRAFT.getPatchId())) continue;
+            library.setOnInstall(() -> {
+                if (LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryType.FABRIC_API.getPatchId().equals(libraryId)) {
+                    Controllers.dialog(i18n("install.installer.fabric-api.warning"), i18n("message.warning"), MessageDialogPane.MessageType.WARNING);
+                }
+
+                if (!(library.resolvedStateProperty().get() instanceof InstallerItem.IncompatibleState))
+                    controller.onNext(new VersionsPage(controller, i18n("install.installer.choose", i18n("install.installer." + libraryId)), gameVersion, downloadProvider, libraryId, () -> controller.onPrev(false)));
+            });
+            library.setOnRemove(() -> {
+                controller.getSettings().remove(libraryId);
+                reload();
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected InstallerItem.Style getInstallerItemStyle() {
+        return InstallerItem.Style.CARD;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public abstract String getTitle();
+
+    protected abstract void reload();
+
+    @Override
+    public void onNavigate(SettingsMap settings) {
+        reload();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public abstract void cleanup(SettingsMap settings);
+
+    protected abstract void onInstall();
+
+    @Override
+    protected Skin<?> createDefaultSkin() {
+        return new InstallersPageSkin(this);
+    }
+
+    protected static class InstallersPageSkin extends SkinBase<AbstractInstallersPage> {
+        /**
+         * Constructor for all SkinBase instances.
+         *
+         * @param control The control for which this Skin should attach to.
+         */
+        protected InstallersPageSkin(AbstractInstallersPage control) {
+            super(control);
+
+            BorderPane root = new BorderPane();
+            root.setPadding(new Insets(16));
+
+            {
+                HBox versionNamePane = new HBox(8);
+                versionNamePane.getStyleClass().add("card-non-transparent");
+                versionNamePane.setStyle("-fx-padding: 20 8 20 16");
+                versionNamePane.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER_LEFT);
+
+                control.txtName.setMaxWidth(300);
+                versionNamePane.getChildren().setAll(new Label(i18n("version.name")), control.txtName);
+                root.setTop(versionNamePane);
+            }
+
+            {
+                InstallerItem[] libraries = control.group.getLibraries();
+
+                FlowPane libraryPane = new FlowPane(16, 16, libraries);
+                ScrollPane scrollPane = new ScrollPane(libraryPane);
+                scrollPane.setFitToWidth(true);
+                scrollPane.setFitToHeight(true);
+                BorderPane.setMargin(scrollPane, new Insets(16, 0, 16, 0));
+                root.setCenter(scrollPane);
+
+                if (libraries.length <= 8)
+                    scrollPane.setVbarPolicy(ScrollPane.ScrollBarPolicy.NEVER);
+            }
+
+            {
+                JFXButton installButton = FXUtils.newRaisedButton(i18n("button.install"));
+                installButton.disableProperty().bind(control.installable.not());
+                installButton.setPrefWidth(100);
+                installButton.setPrefHeight(40);
+                installButton.setOnAction(e -> control.onInstall());
+                BorderPane.setAlignment(installButton, Pos.CENTER_RIGHT);
+                root.setBottom(installButton);
+            }
+
+            getChildren().setAll(root);
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -29,33 +29,28 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.game.Version;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.InstallerItem;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.wizard.WizardController;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.SettingsMap;

-import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Optional;

 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.download.LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryType.MINECRAFT;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;

-class AdditionalInstallersPage extends InstallersPage {
+class AdditionalInstallersPage extends AbstractInstallersPage {
    protected final BooleanProperty compatible = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
    protected final GameRepository repository;
    protected final String gameVersion;
    protected final Version version;

    public AdditionalInstallersPage(String gameVersion, Version version, WizardController controller, HMCLGameRepository repository, DownloadProvider downloadProvider) {
-        super(controller, repository, gameVersion, downloadProvider);
+        super(controller, gameVersion, downloadProvider);
        this.gameVersion = gameVersion;
        this.version = version;
        this.repository = repository;

-        txtName.getValidators().clear();
        txtName.setText(version.getId());
        txtName.setEditable(false);

-        installable.bind(Bindings.createBooleanBinding(
-                () -> compatible.get() && txtName.validate(),
-                txtName.textProperty(), compatible));
-
        for (InstallerItem library : group.getLibraries()) {
            String libraryId = library.getLibraryId();
            if (libraryId.equals("game")) continue;
@@ -64,6 +59,8 @@ class AdditionalInstallersPage extends InstallersPage {
                reload();
            });
        }
+
+        installable.bind(Bindings.createBooleanBinding(() -> compatible.get() && txtName.validate(), txtName.textProperty(), compatible));
    }

    @Override
@@ -112,6 +109,6 @@ class AdditionalInstallersPage extends InstallersPage {
    }

    @Override
-    public void cleanup(Map<String, Object> settings) {
+    public void cleanup(SettingsMap settings) {
    }
 }