使用 WebURL for Java 解析 URI (#6084)

Co-authored-by: Glavo <zjx001202@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: 3gf8jv4dv <3gf8jv4dv@gmail.com>

.github/workflows/gradle.yml

@@ -48,3 +48,9 @@ jobs:
         name: HMCL-${{ env.SHORT_SHA }}-sh
         path: HMCL/build/libs/HMCL-*.sh
         archive: false
+    - name: Upload DEB
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+      with:
+        name: HMCL-${{ env.SHORT_SHA }}-deb
+        path: HMCL/build/libs/HMCL-*.deb
+        archive: false

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -46,16 +46,20 @@ jobs:
           wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar.sha256"
           wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh"
           wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh.sha256"
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.deb"
+          wget "$HMCL_CI_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URI/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.deb.sha256"
       - name: Verify artifacts
         if: ${{ env.continue == 'true' }}
         run: |
           export JAR_SHA256=$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar.sha256 | tr -d '\n')
           export EXE_SHA256=$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe.sha256 | tr -d '\n')
           export SH_SHA256=$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh.sha256 | tr -d '\n')
+          export DEB_SHA256=$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.deb.sha256 | tr -d '\n')
           
           echo "$JAR_SHA256  HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar" | sha256sum -c
           echo "$EXE_SHA256  HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe" | sha256sum -c
           echo "$SH_SHA256  HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh" | sha256sum -c
+          echo "$DEB_SHA256  HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.deb" | sha256sum -c
       - name: Generate release note
         if: ${{ env.continue == 'true' }}
         run: |
@@ -67,6 +71,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe]($GH_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/v$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe) | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe.sha256)\` |" >> RELEASE_NOTE
           echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar]($GH_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/v$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar) | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar.sha256)\` |" >> RELEASE_NOTE
           echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh]($GH_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/v$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh)   | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh.sha256)\` |"  >> RELEASE_NOTE
+          echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.deb]($GH_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/v$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.deb) | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.deb.sha256)\` |"  >> RELEASE_NOTE
           
           # CNB Release Note
           echo "[更新日志](https://docs.hmcl.net/changelog/${{ matrix.channel }}.html#HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION)" >> CNB_RELEASE_NOTE
@@ -76,6 +81,8 @@ jobs:
           echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe]($CNB_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/v$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe) | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.exe.sha256)\` |" >> CNB_RELEASE_NOTE
           echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar]($CNB_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/v$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar) | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.jar.sha256)\` |" >> CNB_RELEASE_NOTE
           echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh]($CNB_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/v$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh)   | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh.sha256)\` |"  >> CNB_RELEASE_NOTE
+          echo "| [HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.deb]($CNB_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL/v$HMCL_VERSION/HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.deb) | \`$(cat HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.deb.sha256)\` |"  >> CNB_RELEASE_NOTE
+
         env:
           GH_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL: https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download
           CNB_DOWNLOAD_BASE_URL: https://cnb.cool/HMCL-dev/HMCL/-/releases/download
@@ -86,6 +93,7 @@ jobs:
             "HMCL-${{ env.HMCL_VERSION }}.exe" \
             "HMCL-${{ env.HMCL_VERSION }}.jar" \
             "HMCL-${{ env.HMCL_VERSION }}.sh" \
+            "HMCL-${{ env.HMCL_VERSION }}.deb" \
             --target "${{ env.HMCL_COMMIT_SHA }}" \
             --title "${{ env.HMCL_TAG_NAME }}" \
             --notes-file RELEASE_NOTE \
@@ -120,6 +128,9 @@ jobs:
 
            echo "Uploading HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh"
            ~/go/bin/git-cnb release asset-upload --repo="$CNB_REPO" --tag-name "$HMCL_TAG_NAME" --file-name "HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.sh"
+          
+          echo "Uploading HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.deb"
+           ~/go/bin/git-cnb release asset-upload --repo="$CNB_REPO" --tag-name "$HMCL_TAG_NAME" --file-name "HMCL-$HMCL_VERSION.deb"
         env:
           CNB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CNB_SYNC_TOKEN }}
           CNB_REPO: HMCL-dev/HMCL

HMCL/build.gradle.kts

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.l10n.CreateLanguageList
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.l10n.CreateLocaleNamesResourceBundle
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.l10n.UpsideDownTranslate
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.mod.ParseModDataTask
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.pack.CreateDeb
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.pack.ReleaseType
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.utils.PropertiesUtils
 import java.net.URI
 import java.nio.file.FileSystems
@@ -251,20 +253,22 @@ tasks.processResources {
     }
 }
 
+fun artifactFile(ext: String) = jarPath.resolveSibling(jarPath.nameWithoutExtension + '.' + ext)
+
 val makeExecutables by tasks.registering {
     val extensions = listOf("exe", "sh")
 
     dependsOn(tasks.jar)
 
     inputs.file(jarPath)
-    outputs.files(extensions.map { File(jarPath.parentFile, jarPath.nameWithoutExtension + '.' + it) })
+    outputs.files(extensions.map { artifactFile(it) })
 
     doLast {
         val jarContent = jarPath.readBytes()
 
         ZipFile(jarPath).use { zipFile ->
             for (extension in extensions) {
-                val output = File(jarPath.parentFile, jarPath.nameWithoutExtension + '.' + extension)
+                val output = artifactFile(extension)
                 val entry = zipFile.getEntry("assets/HMCLauncher.$extension")
                     ?: throw GradleException("HMCLauncher.$extension not found")
 
@@ -279,8 +283,31 @@ val makeExecutables by tasks.registering {
     }
 }
 
+val makeDeb by tasks.registering(CreateDeb::class) {
+    dependsOn(makeExecutables)
+
+    val debFile = layout.file(provider { artifactFile("deb") })
+
+    val debChannel = when (versionType) {
+        "stable" -> ReleaseType.STABLE
+        "dev" -> ReleaseType.DEVELOPMENT
+        else -> ReleaseType.NIGHTLY
+    }
+
+    version.set(project.version.toString())
+    releaseType.set(debChannel)
+    appShFile.set(layout.file(provider { artifactFile("sh") }))
+    iconFile.set(layout.projectDirectory.file("image/hmcl.png"))
+    outputFile.set(debFile)
+
+    doLast {
+        createChecksum(debFile.get().asFile)
+    }
+}
+
 tasks.build {
     dependsOn(makeExecutables)
+    dependsOn(makeDeb)
 }
 
 fun parseToolOptions(options: String?): MutableList<String> {
@@ -377,12 +404,14 @@ val upgradeTerracottaConfig = tasks.register<TerracottaConfigUpgradeTask>("upgra
     val destination = layout.projectDirectory.file("src/main/resources/assets/terracotta.json")
     val source = layout.projectDirectory.file("terracotta-template.json");
 
-    classifiers.set(listOf(
-        "windows-x86_64", "windows-arm64",
-        "macos-x86_64", "macos-arm64",
-        "linux-x86_64", "linux-arm64", "linux-loongarch64", "linux-riscv64",
-        "freebsd-x86_64"
-    ))
+    classifiers.set(
+        listOf(
+            "windows-x86_64", "windows-arm64",
+            "macos-x86_64", "macos-arm64",
+            "linux-x86_64", "linux-arm64", "linux-loongarch64", "linux-riscv64",
+            "freebsd-x86_64"
+        )
+    )
 
     version.set(libs.versions.terracotta)
     downloadURL.set($$"https://github.com/burningtnt/Terracotta/releases/download/v${version}/terracotta-${version}-${classifier}-pkg.tar.gz")

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/Launcher.java

@@ -42,10 +42,7 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.theme.Themes;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.upgrade.UpdateChecker;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.upgrade.UpdateHandler;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.CrashReporter;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.FileSaver;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.*;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.JarUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.*;
 
@@ -347,6 +344,8 @@ public final class Launcher extends Application {
                 LOG.info("XDG Current Desktop: " + System.getenv("XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP"));
             }
 
+            LOG.info("Zlib Compatible: " + ZlibUtils.IS_ZLIB_COMPATIBLE);
+
             Lang.thread(SystemInfo::initialize, "Detection System Information", true);
 
             launch(Launcher.class, args);

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/Metadata.java

@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ public final class Metadata {
     public static final int RECOMMENDED_JAVA_VERSION = 21;
 
     public static final String PUBLISH_URL = "https://hmcl.huangyuhui.net";
-    public static final String ABOUT_URL = PUBLISH_URL + "/about";
     public static final String DOWNLOAD_URL = PUBLISH_URL + "/download";
     public static final String HMCL_UPDATE_URL = System.getProperty("hmcl.update_source.override", PUBLISH_URL + "/api/update_link");
     public static final String MANUAL_UPDATE_URL = "https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/releases";

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/setting/Accounts.java

@@ -468,7 +468,9 @@ public final class Accounts {
             }
         } else if (exception instanceof MicrosoftService.XBox400Exception) {
             return i18n("account.methods.microsoft.error.wrong_verify_method");
-        } else if (exception instanceof MicrosoftService.NoMinecraftJavaEditionProfileException) {
+        } else if (exception instanceof MicrosoftService.MinecraftJavaEditionLicenseNotFoundException) {
+            return i18n("account.methods.microsoft.error.no_license");
+        } else if (exception instanceof MicrosoftService.MinecraftJavaEditionProfileNotFoundException) {
             return i18n("account.methods.microsoft.error.no_character");
         } else if (exception instanceof MicrosoftService.NoXuiException) {
             return i18n("account.methods.microsoft.error.add_family");

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/setting/VersionIconType.java

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public enum VersionIconType {
     public static VersionIconType getIconType(ModLoaderType modLoaderType) {
         return switch (modLoaderType) {
             case FORGE -> VersionIconType.FORGE;
-            case NEO_FORGED -> VersionIconType.NEO_FORGE;
+            case NEO_FORGE -> VersionIconType.NEO_FORGE;
             case FABRIC -> VersionIconType.FABRIC;
             case QUILT -> VersionIconType.QUILT;
             case LITE_LOADER -> VersionIconType.CHICKEN;

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/terracotta/TerracottaBundle.java

@@ -71,9 +71,15 @@ public final class TerracottaBundle {
                             return new Context() {
                                 @Override
                                 public void withResult(boolean success) {
+                                    super.withResult(success);
                                     delegate.withResult(success);
                                 }
 
+                                @Override
+                                public void reset() throws IOException {
+                                    delegate.reset();
+                                }
+
                                 @Override
                                 public void write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int len) throws IOException {
                                     context.checkCancellation();
@@ -113,7 +119,7 @@ public final class TerracottaBundle {
                         throw new ArtifactMalformedException(String.format("Expecting %s file in terracotta bundle.", file));
                     }
 
-                    MessageDigest digest = DigestUtils.getDigest(check.getAlgorithm());
+                    MessageDigest digest = DigestUtils.getDigest(check.algorithm());
                     try (
                             InputStream is = tree.getInputStream(archive);
                             OutputStream os = new DigestOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(path), digest)
@@ -122,8 +128,8 @@ public final class TerracottaBundle {
                     }
 
                     String hash = HexFormat.of().formatHex(digest.digest());
-                    if (!check.getChecksum().equalsIgnoreCase(hash)) {
-                        throw new ChecksumMismatchException(check.getAlgorithm(), check.getChecksum(), hash);
+                    if (!check.checksum().equalsIgnoreCase(hash)) {
+                        throw new ChecksumMismatchException(check.algorithm(), check.checksum(), hash);
                     }
 
                     switch (OperatingSystem.CURRENT_OS) {
@@ -172,7 +178,7 @@ public final class TerracottaBundle {
                 return false;
             }
 
-            MessageDigest digest = DigestUtils.getDigest(check.getAlgorithm());
+            MessageDigest digest = DigestUtils.getDigest(check.algorithm());
             try (InputStream is = new DigestInputStream(Files.newInputStream(path), digest)) {
                 int n;
                 while ((n = is.read(buffer)) >= 0) {
@@ -182,7 +188,7 @@ public final class TerracottaBundle {
                     }
                 }
             }
-            if (!HexFormat.of().formatHex(digest.digest()).equalsIgnoreCase(check.getChecksum())) {
+            if (!HexFormat.of().formatHex(digest.digest()).equalsIgnoreCase(check.checksum())) {
                 return false;
             }
         }

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/Controllers.java

@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.SupportedLocale;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.Architecture;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.platform.OperatingSystem;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -594,7 +595,7 @@ public final class Controllers {
         return pane.getCompletableFuture();
     }
 
-    public static TaskExecutorDialogPane taskDialog(TaskExecutor executor, String title, TaskCancellationAction onCancel) {
+    public static TaskExecutorDialogPane taskDialog(TaskExecutor executor, String title, @NotNull TaskCancellationAction onCancel) {
         TaskExecutorDialogPane pane = new TaskExecutorDialogPane(onCancel);
         pane.setTitle(title);
         pane.setExecutor(executor);
@@ -602,7 +603,7 @@ public final class Controllers {
         return pane;
     }
 
-    public static TaskExecutorDialogPane taskDialog(Task<?> task, String title, TaskCancellationAction onCancel) {
+    public static TaskExecutorDialogPane taskDialog(Task<?> task, String title, @NotNull TaskCancellationAction onCancel) {
         TaskExecutor executor = task.executor();
         TaskExecutorDialogPane pane = taskDialog(executor, title, onCancel);
         executor.start();

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/FXUtils.java

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ import javafx.stage.Stage;
 import javafx.util.Callback;
 import javafx.util.Duration;
 import javafx.util.StringConverter;
+import org.glavo.url.WebURL;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.StyleSheets;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.CacheFileTask;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Schedulers;
@@ -1166,12 +1167,10 @@ public final class FXUtils {
         }
     }
 
-    public static Image loadImage(String url) throws Exception {
-        URI uri = NetworkUtils.toURI(url);
-
-        URLConnection connection = NetworkUtils.createConnection(uri);
-        if (connection instanceof HttpURLConnection)
-            connection = NetworkUtils.resolveConnection((HttpURLConnection) connection);
+    public static Image loadImage(WebURL url) throws Exception {
+        URLConnection connection = NetworkUtils.createConnection(url);
+        if (connection instanceof HttpURLConnection httpConnection)
+            connection = NetworkUtils.resolveConnection(httpConnection);
 
         try (BufferedInputStream input = new BufferedInputStream(connection.getInputStream())) {
             String contentType = Objects.requireNonNull(connection.getContentType(), "");

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/SVG.java

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ public enum SVG {
     EXTENSION_FILL("M8.8 21H5q-.825 0-1.4125-.5875T3 19V15.2q1.2 0 2.1-.7625T6 12.5q0-1.175-.9-1.9375T3 9.8V6q0-.825.5875-1.4125T5 4H9q0-1.05.725-1.775T11.5 1.5q1.05 0 1.775.725T14 4h4q.825 0 1.4125.5875T20 6v4q1.05 0 1.775.725T22.5 12.5q0 1.05-.725 1.775T20 15v4q0 .825-.5875 1.4125T18 21H14.2q0-1.25-.7875-2.125T11.5 18q-1.125 0-1.9125.875T8.8 21Z"),
     FEEDBACK("M12 15Q12.425 15 12.7125 14.7125T13 14Q13 13.575 12.7125 13.2875T12 13Q11.575 13 11.2875 13.2875T11 14Q11 14.425 11.2875 14.7125T12 15ZM11 11H13V5H11V11ZM2 22V4Q2 3.175 2.5875 2.5875T4 2H20Q20.825 2 21.4125 2.5875T22 4V16Q22 16.825 21.4125 17.4125T20 18H6L2 22ZM5.15 16H20V4H4V17.125L5.15 16ZM4 16V4 16Z"),
     FEEDBACK_FILL("M2 22V4q0-.825.5875-1.4125T4 2H20q.825 0 1.4125.5875T22 4V16q0 .825-.5875 1.4125T20 18H6L2 22Zm10-7q.425 0 .7125-.2875T13 14t-.2875-.7125T12 13t-.7125.2875T11 14t.2875.7125T12 15Zm-1-4h2V5H11v6Z"),
+    FILE_OPEN("M6 22q-0.825 0-1.4125-0.5875T4 20v-16q0-0.825 0.5875-1.4125T6 2h8l6 6v6h-2v-5H13v-5H6v16h9v2H6Zm15.95 0.375L19 19.425v2.225h-2v-5.65h5.65v2h-2.25l2.95 2.95-1.4 1.425Zm-15.95-2.375v-16 16Z"),
     FOLDER("M4 20Q3.175 20 2.5875 19.4125T2 18V6Q2 5.175 2.5875 4.5875T4 4H10L12 6H20Q20.825 6 21.4125 6.5875T22 8V18Q22 18.825 21.4125 19.4125T20 20H4ZM4 18H20V8H11.175L9.175 6H4V18ZM4 18V6 18Z"),
     FOLDER_COPY("M3 21Q2.175 21 1.5875 20.4125T1 19V6H3V19H20V21H3ZM7 17Q6.175 17 5.5875 16.4125T5 15V4Q5 3.175 5.5875 2.5875T7 2H12L14 4H21Q21.825 4 22.4125 4.5875T23 6V15Q23 15.825 22.4125 16.4125T21 17H7ZM7 15H21V6H13.175L11.175 4H7V15ZM7 15V4 15Z"),
     FOLDER_OPEN("M4 20Q3.175 20 2.5875 19.4125T2 18V6Q2 5.175 2.5875 4.5875T4 4H10L12 6H20Q20.825 6 21.4125 6.5875T22 8H11.175L9.175 6H4V18L6.4 10H23.5L20.925 18.575Q20.725 19.225 20.1875 19.6125T19 20H4ZM6.1 18H19L20.8 12H7.9L6.1 18ZM6.1 18 7.9 12 6.1 18ZM4 8V6 8Z"),

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/UpgradeDialog.java

@@ -50,10 +50,10 @@ public final class UpgradeDialog extends JFXDialogLayout {
         setHeading(new Label(i18n("update.changelog")));
         setBody(new JFXSpinner());
 
-        String url = CHANGELOG_URL + remoteVersion.getChannel().channelName + ".html";
+        String url = CHANGELOG_URL + remoteVersion.channel().channelName + ".html";
 
         Task.supplyAsync(Schedulers.io(), () -> {
-            VersionNumber targetVersion = VersionNumber.asVersion(remoteVersion.getVersion());
+            VersionNumber targetVersion = VersionNumber.asVersion(remoteVersion.version());
             VersionNumber currentVersion = VersionNumber.asVersion(Metadata.VERSION);
             if (targetVersion.compareTo(currentVersion) <= 0)
                 // Downgrade update, no need to display changelog

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/account/CreateAccountPane.java

@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ public class CreateAccountPane extends JFXDialogLayout implements DialogAware {
             for (String key : ALLOWED_LINKS) {
                 String value = links.get(key);
                 if (value != null) {
-                    Hyperlink link = new Hyperlink(i18n("account.injector.link." + key));
+                    JFXHyperlink link = new JFXHyperlink(i18n("account.injector.link." + key));
                     FXUtils.installSlowTooltip(link, value);
                     link.setOnAction(e -> FXUtils.openLink(value));
                     result.add(link);

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/account/OfflineAccountSkinPane.java

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXButton;
 import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXComboBox;
 import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXDialogLayout;
 import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXTextField;
+import javafx.animation.PauseTransition;
 import javafx.application.Platform;
 import javafx.beans.InvalidationListener;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ import javafx.scene.control.Label;
 import javafx.scene.input.DragEvent;
 import javafx.scene.input.TransferMode;
 import javafx.scene.layout.*;
+import javafx.util.Duration;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.offline.OfflineAccount;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.offline.Skin;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.yggdrasil.TextureModel;
@@ -135,7 +137,9 @@ public class OfflineAccountSkinPane extends StackPane {
             capeSelector.setValue(account.getSkin().getLocalCapePath());
         }
 
-        skinBinding = FXUtils.observeWeak(() -> {
+        PauseTransition pauseTransition = new PauseTransition(Duration.seconds(1));
+
+        Runnable loadSkin = () -> {
             getSkin().load(account.getUsername())
                     .whenComplete(Schedulers.javafx(), (result, exception) -> {
                         if (exception != null) {
@@ -157,6 +161,23 @@ public class OfflineAccountSkinPane extends StackPane {
                                     result.getCape() != null ? result.getCape().getImage() : null);
                         }
                     }).start();
+        };
+
+        pauseTransition.setOnFinished(e -> loadSkin.run());
+
+        skinBinding = FXUtils.observeWeak(() -> {
+            Skin.Type selectedType = skinItem.getSelectedData();
+
+            if (selectedType == Skin.Type.CUSTOM_SKIN_LOADER_API) {
+                if (!cslApiField.validate()) {
+                    pauseTransition.stop();
+                    return;
+                }
+                pauseTransition.playFromStart();
+            } else {
+                pauseTransition.stop();
+                loadSkin.run();
+            }
         }, skinItem.selectedDataProperty(), cslApiField.textProperty(), modelCombobox.valueProperty(), skinSelector.valueProperty(), capeSelector.valueProperty());
 
         FXUtils.onChangeAndOperate(skinItem.selectedDataProperty(), selectedData -> {

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/construct/FileSelector.java

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 package org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct;
 
 import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXButton;
+import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXPopup;
 import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXTextField;
 import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.StringProperty;
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ import javafx.stage.FileChooser;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.Controllers;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.SVG;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 
 import java.nio.file.Path;
@@ -38,10 +40,18 @@ import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;
 
 public class FileSelector extends HBox {
     private final StringProperty value = new SimpleStringProperty();
-    private String chooserTitle = i18n("selector.choose_file");
-    private boolean directory = false;
+    private String chooserTitle = "";
+    private SelectionMode selectionMode = SelectionMode.FILE;
     private final ObservableList<FileChooser.ExtensionFilter> extensionFilters = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
 
+    JFXButton selectButton = FXUtils.newToggleButton4(SVG.FOLDER_OPEN, 15);
+
+    public enum SelectionMode {
+        FILE,
+        DIRECTORY,
+        FILE_OR_DIRECTORY
+    }
+
     public String getValue() {
         return value.get();
     }
@@ -63,12 +73,12 @@ public class FileSelector extends HBox {
         return this;
     }
 
-    public boolean isDirectory() {
-        return directory;
+    public SelectionMode getSelectionMode() {
+        return selectionMode;
     }
 
-    public FileSelector setDirectory(boolean directory) {
-        this.directory = directory;
+    public FileSelector setSelectionMode(SelectionMode selectionMode) {
+        this.selectionMode = selectionMode;
         return this;
     }
 
@@ -80,26 +90,20 @@ public class FileSelector extends HBox {
         JFXTextField customField = new JFXTextField();
         FXUtils.bindString(customField, valueProperty());
 
-        JFXButton selectButton = FXUtils.newToggleButton4(SVG.FOLDER_OPEN, 15);
         selectButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-            if (directory) {
-                DirectoryChooser chooser = new DirectoryChooser();
-                chooser.setTitle(chooserTitle);
-                Path dir = FileUtils.toPath(chooser.showDialog(Controllers.getStage()));
-                if (dir != null) {
-                    String path = FileUtils.getAbsolutePath(dir);
-                    customField.setText(path);
-                    value.setValue(path);
-                }
-            } else {
-                FileChooser chooser = new FileChooser();
-                chooser.getExtensionFilters().addAll(getExtensionFilters());
-                chooser.setTitle(chooserTitle);
-                Path file = FileUtils.toPath(chooser.showOpenDialog(Controllers.getStage()));
-                if (file != null) {
-                    String path = FileUtils.getAbsolutePath(file);
-                    customField.setText(path);
-                    value.setValue(path);
+            switch (selectionMode) {
+                case FILE -> openFileChooser(customField);
+                case DIRECTORY -> openDirectoryChooser(customField);
+                case FILE_OR_DIRECTORY -> {
+                    PopupMenu selectPopupMenu = new PopupMenu();
+                    JFXPopup selectModePopup = new JFXPopup(selectPopupMenu);
+
+                    selectPopupMenu.getContent().addAll(
+                            new IconedMenuItem(SVG.FILE_OPEN, i18n("selector.choose_file"), () -> openFileChooser(customField), selectModePopup),
+                            new IconedMenuItem(SVG.FOLDER_OPEN, i18n("selector.choose_directory"), () -> openDirectoryChooser(customField), selectModePopup)
+                    );
+
+                    selectModePopup.show(selectButton, JFXPopup.PopupVPosition.TOP, JFXPopup.PopupHPosition.RIGHT, -selectButton.getWidth(), 0);
                 }
             }
         });
@@ -108,4 +112,27 @@ public class FileSelector extends HBox {
         setSpacing(3);
         getChildren().addAll(customField, selectButton);
     }
+
+    private void openFileChooser(JFXTextField customField) {
+        FileChooser chooser = new FileChooser();
+        chooser.getExtensionFilters().addAll(getExtensionFilters());
+        chooser.setTitle(StringUtils.isBlank(chooserTitle) ? i18n("selector.choose_file") : chooserTitle);
+        Path file = FileUtils.toPath(chooser.showOpenDialog(Controllers.getStage()));
+        if (file != null) {
+            String path = FileUtils.getAbsolutePath(file);
+            customField.setText(path);
+            value.setValue(path);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void openDirectoryChooser(JFXTextField customField) {
+        DirectoryChooser chooser = new DirectoryChooser();
+        chooser.setTitle(StringUtils.isBlank(chooserTitle) ? i18n("selector.choose_directory") : chooserTitle);
+        Path dir = FileUtils.toPath(chooser.showDialog(Controllers.getStage()));
+        if (dir != null) {
+            String path = FileUtils.getAbsolutePath(dir);
+            customField.setText(path);
+            value.setValue(path);
+        }
+    }
 }

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/construct/InputDialogPane.java

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXButton;
 import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXDialogLayout;
 import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXTextField;
 import com.jfoenix.validation.base.ValidatorBase;
+import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.scene.control.Label;
 import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ public class InputDialogPane extends JFXDialogLayout implements DialogAware {
         this.setBody(new VBox(textField));
 
         lblCreationWarning = new Label();
+        lblCreationWarning.setPadding(new Insets(0, 5, 0, 0));
 
         acceptPane = new SpinnerPane();
         acceptPane.getStyleClass().add("small-spinner-pane");

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/construct/LineSelectButton.java

@@ -20,10 +20,7 @@ package org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct;
 import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXPopup;
 import javafx.beans.InvalidationListener;
 import javafx.beans.binding.Bindings;
-import javafx.beans.property.ListProperty;
-import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
-import javafx.beans.property.SimpleListProperty;
-import javafx.beans.property.SimpleObjectProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.*;
 import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
 import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
 import javafx.css.PseudoClass;
@@ -36,6 +33,8 @@ import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.SVG;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.javafx.MappedObservableList;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.UnknownNullability;
 
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Objects;
@@ -44,7 +43,7 @@ import java.util.function.Function;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils.determineOptimalPopupPosition;
 
 /// @author Glavo
-public class LineSelectButton<T> extends LineButton {
+public class LineSelectButton<T extends @UnknownNullability Object> extends LineButton {
 
     private static final String DEFAULT_STYLE_CLASS = "line-select-button";
     private static final PseudoClass SELECTED_PSEUDO_CLASS = PseudoClass.getPseudoClass("selected");
@@ -57,13 +56,9 @@ public class LineSelectButton<T> extends LineButton {
         this.getStyleClass().add(DEFAULT_STYLE_CLASS);
 
         InvalidationListener updateTrailingText = observable -> {
+            Function<T, String> converter = getConverter();
             T value = getValue();
-            if (value != null) {
-                Function<T, String> converter = getConverter();
-                setTrailingText(converter != null ? converter.apply(value) : value.toString());
-            } else {
-                setTrailingText(null);
-            }
+            setTrailingText(converter != null ? converter.apply(value) : Objects.toString(value, ""));
         };
         converterProperty().addListener(updateTrailingText);
         valueProperty().addListener(updateTrailingText);
@@ -96,9 +91,6 @@ public class LineSelectButton<T> extends LineButton {
                 var itemTitleLabel = new Label();
                 itemTitleLabel.getStyleClass().add("title-label");
                 itemTitleLabel.textProperty().bind(Bindings.createStringBinding(() -> {
-                    if (item == null)
-                        return "";
-
                     Function<T, String> converter = getConverter();
                     return converter != null ? converter.apply(item) : Objects.toString(item, "");
                 }, converterProperty()));
@@ -173,10 +165,14 @@ public class LineSelectButton<T> extends LineButton {
         return converterProperty().get();
     }
 
-    public void setConverter(Function<T, String> value) {
+    public void setConverter(Function<T, String> value) { // TODO: rename
         converterProperty().set(value);
     }
 
+    public void setNullSafeConverter(Function<@NotNull T, String> value) {
+        converterProperty().set(it -> it != null ? value.apply(it) : "");
+    }
+
     private ObjectProperty<Function<T, String>> descriptionConverter;
 
     public ObjectProperty<Function<T, String>> descriptionConverterProperty() {

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/construct/MultiFileItem.java

@@ -267,8 +267,8 @@ public final class MultiFileItem<T> extends VBox {
             selector.setValue(value);
         }
 
-        public FileOption<T> setDirectory(boolean directory) {
-            selector.setDirectory(directory);
+        public FileOption<T> setSelectionMode(FileSelector.SelectionMode selectionMode) {
+            selector.setSelectionMode(selectionMode);
             return this;
         }
 

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/construct/TwoLineListItem.java

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ import javafx.scene.control.ScrollPane;
 import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
 import javafx.scene.layout.Priority;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 
 public class TwoLineListItem extends VBox {
     private static final String DEFAULT_STYLE_CLASS = "two-line-list-item";
@@ -177,7 +176,18 @@ public class TwoLineListItem extends VBox {
             lblTitle.setMinWidth(Label.USE_PREF_SIZE);
             scrollPane.setHbarPolicy(ScrollPane.ScrollBarPolicy.NEVER);
             scrollPane.setVbarPolicy(ScrollPane.ScrollBarPolicy.NEVER);
-            FXUtils.onChangeAndOperate(tagsBox.heightProperty(), height -> FXUtils.setLimitHeight(scrollPane, height.doubleValue()));
+            var expectedHeight = Bindings.createDoubleBinding(
+                    () -> {
+                        if (tags.isEmpty()) return 0.0;
+                        double h = tagsBox.prefHeight(-1);
+                        return h > 0 ? h : Double.NaN;
+                    },
+                    tags, tagsBox.heightProperty()
+            );
+
+            scrollPane.minHeightProperty().bind(expectedHeight);
+            scrollPane.prefHeightProperty().bind(expectedHeight);
+            scrollPane.maxHeightProperty().bind(expectedHeight);
             firstLine.getChildren().setAll(lblTitle, scrollPane);
 
             tags.addListener((InvalidationListener) ignored -> scrollPane.requestLayout());

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/construct/URLValidator.java

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ package org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct;
 import com.jfoenix.validation.base.ValidatorBase;
 import javafx.beans.NamedArg;
 import javafx.scene.control.TextInputControl;
+import org.glavo.url.WebURL;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
 
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n.i18n;
 
@@ -54,12 +54,7 @@ public class URLValidator extends ValidatorBase {
         if (StringUtils.isBlank(textField.getText()))
             hasErrors.set(!nullable);
         else {
-            try {
-                NetworkUtils.toURI(textField.getText());
-                hasErrors.set(false);
-            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
-                hasErrors.set(true);
-            }
+            hasErrors.set(WebURL.tryParseBrowserInput(textField.getText()) == null);
         }
     }
 }

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/decorator/DecoratorController.java

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
 import javafx.scene.paint.Paint;
 import javafx.stage.Stage;
 import javafx.util.Duration;
+import org.glavo.url.WebURL;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.authlibinjector.AuthlibInjectorDnD;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.EnumBackgroundImage;
@@ -205,7 +206,7 @@ public class DecoratorController {
                 String backgroundImageUrl = config().getBackgroundImageUrl();
                 if (backgroundImageUrl != null) {
                     try {
-                        image = FXUtils.loadImage(backgroundImageUrl);
+                        image = FXUtils.loadImage(WebURL.parseBrowserInput(backgroundImageUrl));
                     } catch (Exception e) {
                         LOG.warning("Couldn't load background image", e);
                     }

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/export/ExportWizardProvider.java

@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ public final class ExportWizardProvider implements WizardProvider {
                                 vs.isFullscreen(),
                                 vs.getWidth(),
                                 vs.getHeight(),
-                                vs.getMaxMemory(),
+                                null,
                                 exportInfo.getMinMemory(),
                                 vs.isShowLogs(),
                                 /* showConsoleOnError */ true,

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/export/ModpackInfoPage.java

@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ public final class ModpackInfoPage extends Control implements WizardPage {
                     if (skinnable.options.isRequireAuthlibInjectorServer()) {
                         var serversSelectButton = new LineSelectButton<AuthlibInjectorServer>();
                         serversSelectButton.setTitle(i18n("account.injector.server"));
-                        serversSelectButton.setConverter(AuthlibInjectorServer::getName);
+                        serversSelectButton.setNullSafeConverter(AuthlibInjectorServer::getName);
                         serversSelectButton.setDescriptionConverter(AuthlibInjectorServer::getUrl);
                         serversSelectButton.itemsProperty().set(config().getAuthlibInjectorServers());
 

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/main/AboutPage.java

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public final class AboutPage extends SpinnerPane {
 
         ComponentList legal = new ComponentList();
         {
-            var copyright = LineButton.createExternalLinkButton(Metadata.ABOUT_URL);
+            var copyright = new LineButton();
             copyright.setLargeTitle(true);
             copyright.setTitle(i18n("about.copyright"));
             copyright.setSubtitle(i18n("about.copyright.statement"));

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/main/DownloadSettingsPage.java

@@ -27,14 +27,20 @@ import javafx.scene.control.ScrollPane;
 import javafx.scene.control.ToggleGroup;
 import javafx.scene.layout.*;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.DownloadProviders;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.EnumCommonDirectory;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.Settings;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.FetchTask;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.WeakListenerHolder;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.*;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.javafx.SafeStringConverter;
 
 import java.net.Proxy;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 import java.util.function.Function;
 
@@ -72,7 +78,7 @@ public class DownloadSettingsPage extends StackPane {
                 var versionListSourcePane = new LineSelectButton<String>();
                 versionListSourcePane.disableProperty().bind(autoChooseDownloadSource.selectedProperty().not());
                 versionListSourcePane.setTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.version_list_source"));
-                versionListSourcePane.setConverter(converter);
+                versionListSourcePane.setNullSafeConverter(converter);
                 versionListSourcePane.setDescriptionConverter(descriptionConverter);
                 versionListSourcePane.setItems(DownloadProviders.AUTO_PROVIDERS.keySet());
                 versionListSourcePane.valueProperty().bindBidirectional(config().versionListSourceProperty());
@@ -80,14 +86,14 @@ public class DownloadSettingsPage extends StackPane {
                 var downloadSourcePane = new LineSelectButton<String>();
                 downloadSourcePane.disableProperty().bind(autoChooseDownloadSource.selectedProperty());
                 downloadSourcePane.setTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.download_source"));
-                downloadSourcePane.setConverter(converter);
+                downloadSourcePane.setNullSafeConverter(converter);
                 downloadSourcePane.setDescriptionConverter(descriptionConverter);
                 downloadSourcePane.setItems(DownloadProviders.DIRECT_PROVIDERS.keySet());
                 downloadSourcePane.valueProperty().bindBidirectional(config().downloadTypeProperty());
 
                 var defaultAddonSourcePane = new LineSelectButton<String>();
                 defaultAddonSourcePane.setTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.default_addon_source"));
-                defaultAddonSourcePane.setConverter(key -> I18n.i18n("mods." + key));
+                defaultAddonSourcePane.setNullSafeConverter(key -> I18n.i18n("mods." + key));
                 defaultAddonSourcePane.setItems("modrinth", "curseforge");
                 defaultAddonSourcePane.valueProperty().bindBidirectional(config().defaultAddonSourceProperty());
 
@@ -98,9 +104,37 @@ public class DownloadSettingsPage extends StackPane {
         }
 
         {
+            var downloadList = new ComponentList();
+
             VBox downloadThreads = new VBox(16);
-            downloadThreads.getStyleClass().add("card-non-transparent");
+
+            ComponentSublist fileCommonLocationSublist = new ComponentSublist();
+
             {
+                {
+                    MultiFileItem<EnumCommonDirectory> fileCommonLocation = new MultiFileItem<>();
+                    fileCommonLocation.loadChildren(Arrays.asList(
+                            new MultiFileItem.Option<>(i18n("launcher.cache_directory.default"), EnumCommonDirectory.DEFAULT),
+                            new MultiFileItem.FileOption<>(i18n("settings.custom"), EnumCommonDirectory.CUSTOM)
+                                    .setChooserTitle(i18n("launcher.cache_directory.choose"))
+                                    .setSelectionMode(FileSelector.SelectionMode.DIRECTORY)
+                                    .bindBidirectional(config().commonDirectoryProperty())
+                    ));
+                    fileCommonLocation.selectedDataProperty().bindBidirectional(config().commonDirTypeProperty());
+
+                    fileCommonLocationSublist.getContent().add(fileCommonLocation);
+                    fileCommonLocationSublist.setTitle(i18n("launcher.cache_directory"));
+                    fileCommonLocationSublist.setHasSubtitle(true);
+                    fileCommonLocationSublist.subtitleProperty().bind(
+                            Bindings.createObjectBinding(() -> Optional.ofNullable(Settings.instance().getCommonDirectory())
+                                            .orElse(i18n("launcher.cache_directory.disabled")),
+                                    config().commonDirectoryProperty(), config().commonDirTypeProperty()));
+
+                    JFXButton cleanButton = FXUtils.newBorderButton(i18n("launcher.cache_directory.clean"));
+                    cleanButton.setOnAction(e -> clearCacheDirectory());
+                    fileCommonLocationSublist.setHeaderRight(cleanButton);
+                }
+
                 {
                     JFXCheckBox chkAutoDownloadThreads = new JFXCheckBox(i18n("settings.launcher.download.threads.auto"));
                     VBox.setMargin(chkAutoDownloadThreads, new Insets(8, 0, 0, 0));
@@ -153,7 +187,8 @@ public class DownloadSettingsPage extends StackPane {
                 }
             }
 
-            content.getChildren().addAll(ComponentList.createComponentListTitle(i18n("download")), downloadThreads);
+            downloadList.getContent().addAll(fileCommonLocationSublist, downloadThreads);
+            content.getChildren().addAll(ComponentList.createComponentListTitle(i18n("download")), downloadList);
         }
 
         {
@@ -330,4 +365,11 @@ public class DownloadSettingsPage extends StackPane {
         }
 
     }
+
+    private void clearCacheDirectory() {
+        String commonDirectory = Settings.instance().getCommonDirectory();
+        if (commonDirectory != null) {
+            FileUtils.cleanDirectoryQuietly(Path.of(commonDirectory, "cache"));
+        }
+    }
 }

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/main/MainPage.java

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
 import javafx.event.EventHandler;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
+import javafx.scene.Cursor;
 import javafx.scene.control.Label;
 import javafx.scene.control.Tooltip;
 import javafx.scene.image.ImageView;
@@ -170,6 +171,7 @@ public final class MainPage extends StackPane implements DecoratorPage {
         FXUtils.setLimitHeight(updatePane, 55);
         StackPane.setAlignment(updatePane, Pos.TOP_RIGHT);
         FXUtils.onClicked(updatePane, this::onUpgrade);
+        updatePane.setCursor(Cursor.HAND);
         FXUtils.onChange(showUpdateProperty(), this::showUpdate);
 
         {
@@ -183,7 +185,7 @@ public final class MainPage extends StackPane implements DecoratorPage {
                 prompt.setSubtitle(i18n("update.bubble.subtitle"));
                 prompt.setPickOnBounds(false);
                 prompt.titleProperty().bind(BindingMapping.of(latestVersionProperty()).map(latestVersion ->
-                        latestVersion == null ? "" : i18n("update.bubble.title", latestVersion.getVersion())));
+                        latestVersion == null ? "" : i18n("update.bubble.title", latestVersion.version())));
 
                 hBox.getChildren().setAll(SVG.UPDATE.createIcon(20), prompt);
             }
@@ -279,10 +281,10 @@ public final class MainPage extends StackPane implements DecoratorPage {
 
         if (show && !config().isDisableAutoShowUpdateDialog()
                 && getLatestVersion() != null
-                && !Objects.equals(config().getPromptedVersion(), getLatestVersion().getVersion())) {
-            Controllers.dialog(new MessageDialogPane.Builder("", i18n("update.bubble.title", getLatestVersion().getVersion()), MessageDialogPane.MessageType.INFO)
+                && !Objects.equals(config().getPromptedVersion(), getLatestVersion().version())) {
+            Controllers.dialog(new MessageDialogPane.Builder("", i18n("update.bubble.title", getLatestVersion().version()), MessageDialogPane.MessageType.INFO)
                     .addAction(i18n("button.view"), () -> {
-                        config().setPromptedVersion(getLatestVersion().getVersion());
+                        config().setPromptedVersion(getLatestVersion().version());
                         onUpgrade();
                     })
                     .addCancel(null)

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/main/PersonalizationPage.java

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public class PersonalizationPage extends StackPane {
         {
             var brightnessPane = new LineSelectButton<String>();
             brightnessPane.setTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.brightness"));
-            brightnessPane.setConverter(name -> i18n("settings.launcher.brightness." + name));
+            brightnessPane.setNullSafeConverter(name -> i18n("settings.launcher.brightness." + name));
             brightnessPane.setItems("auto", "light", "dark");
             brightnessPane.valueProperty().bindBidirectional(config().themeBrightnessProperty());
 
@@ -135,6 +135,7 @@ public class PersonalizationPage extends StackPane {
                     new MultiFileItem.FileOption<>(i18n("settings.custom"), EnumBackgroundImage.CUSTOM)
                             .setChooserTitle(i18n("launcher.background.choose"))
                             .addExtensionFilter(FXUtils.getImageExtensionFilter())
+                            .setSelectionMode(FileSelector.SelectionMode.FILE_OR_DIRECTORY)
                             .bindBidirectional(config().backgroundImageProperty()),
                     new MultiFileItem.StringOption<>(i18n("launcher.background.network"), EnumBackgroundImage.NETWORK)
                             .setValidators(new URLValidator(true))
@@ -294,7 +295,7 @@ public class PersonalizationPage extends StackPane {
                 var fontAntiAliasingPane = new LineSelectButton<Optional<FontSmoothingType>>();
                 fontAntiAliasingPane.setTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.font.anti_aliasing"));
                 fontAntiAliasingPane.setSubtitle(i18n("settings.take_effect_after_restart"));
-                fontAntiAliasingPane.setConverter(value ->
+                fontAntiAliasingPane.setNullSafeConverter(value ->
                         value.isPresent()
                                 ? i18n("settings.launcher.font.anti_aliasing." + value.get().name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT))
                                 : i18n("settings.launcher.font.anti_aliasing.auto")

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/main/SettingsPage.java

@@ -20,21 +20,17 @@ package org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.main;
 import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXButton;
 import javafx.beans.InvalidationListener;
 import javafx.beans.WeakInvalidationListener;
-import javafx.beans.binding.Bindings;
 import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.StringProperty;
 import javafx.css.PseudoClass;
 import javafx.geometry.Insets;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
-import javafx.geometry.VPos;
-import javafx.scene.Cursor;
 import javafx.scene.control.Label;
 import javafx.scene.control.ScrollPane;
-import javafx.scene.layout.*;
-import javafx.scene.text.TextAlignment;
+import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
+import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
+import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.Metadata;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.EnumCommonDirectory;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.setting.Settings;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Schedulers;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.Controllers;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.FXUtils;
@@ -61,7 +57,9 @@ import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.time.LocalDateTime;
 import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
-import java.util.*;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;
 import java.util.zip.ZipEntry;
@@ -78,242 +76,193 @@ public final class SettingsPage extends ScrollPane {
     public SettingsPage() {
         this.setFitToWidth(true);
 
-        VBox rootPane = new VBox();
+        VBox rootPane = new VBox(10);
         rootPane.setPadding(new Insets(10));
         this.setContent(rootPane);
         FXUtils.smoothScrolling(this);
 
-        ComponentList settingsPane = new ComponentList();
         {
+            ComponentList updatePaneList = new ComponentList();
             {
-                StackPane sponsorPane = new StackPane();
-                sponsorPane.setCursor(Cursor.HAND);
-                FXUtils.onClicked(sponsorPane, this::onSponsor);
-                sponsorPane.setPadding(new Insets(8, 0, 8, 0));
-
-                GridPane gridPane = new GridPane();
-
-                ColumnConstraints col = new ColumnConstraints();
-                col.setHgrow(Priority.SOMETIMES);
-                col.setMaxWidth(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
-
-                gridPane.getColumnConstraints().setAll(col);
-
-                RowConstraints row = new RowConstraints();
-                row.setMinHeight(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
-                row.setValignment(VPos.TOP);
-                row.setVgrow(Priority.SOMETIMES);
-                gridPane.getRowConstraints().setAll(row);
-
+                ObjectProperty<UpdateChannel> updateChannel;
                 {
-                    Label label = new Label(i18n("sponsor.hmcl"));
-                    label.setWrapText(true);
-                    label.setTextAlignment(TextAlignment.JUSTIFY);
-                    GridPane.setRowIndex(label, 0);
-                    GridPane.setColumnIndex(label, 0);
-                    gridPane.getChildren().add(label);
-                }
 
-                sponsorPane.getChildren().setAll(gridPane);
-                settingsPane.getContent().add(sponsorPane);
-            }
+                    JFXButton updateButton = FXUtils.newToggleButton4(SVG.UPDATE, 20);
+                    updateButton.setOnAction(e -> onUpdate());
+                    updateButton.setPadding(Insets.EMPTY);
+                    FXUtils.installFastTooltip(updateButton, i18n("update.tooltip"));
 
-            ObjectProperty<UpdateChannel> updateChannel;
-            {
+                    var updatePane = new LineSelectButton<UpdateChannel>() {
 
-                JFXButton updateButton = new JFXButton();
-                updateButton.setGraphic(SVG.UPDATE.createIcon(20));
-                updateButton.setOnAction(e -> onUpdate());
-                updateButton.setPadding(Insets.EMPTY);
-                FXUtils.installFastTooltip(updateButton, i18n("update.tooltip"));
+                        {
+                            getStyleClass().add("update-pane");
+                            setNode(IDX_TRAILING, updateButton);
+                        }
 
-                var updatePane = new LineSelectButton<UpdateChannel>() {
-
-                    {
-                        getStyleClass().add("update-pane");
-                        setNode(IDX_TRAILING, updateButton);
-                    }
-
-                    @Override
-                    protected int getTrailingTextIndex() {
-                        return LineComponent.IDX_TRAILING + 1;
-                    }
-                };
-                updateChannel = updatePane.valueProperty();
-                updatePane.setTitle(i18n("update"));
-                updatePane.setValue(UpdateChannel.getChannel());
-
-                updatePane.setConverter(channel -> i18n("update.channel." + channel.channelName));
-                updatePane.setItems(List.of(UpdateChannel.STABLE, UpdateChannel.DEVELOPMENT));
-                updatePane.setDescriptionConverter(channel -> i18n("update.note." + channel.channelName));
-
-                final StringProperty lblUpdateSubProperty = updatePane.subtitleProperty();
-
-                {
-                    updateListener = any -> {
-                        boolean outdated = UpdateChecker.isOutdated();
-
-                        updateButton.setVisible(outdated);
-                        updateButton.setManaged(outdated);
-                        updatePane.pseudoClassStateChanged(PseudoClass.getPseudoClass("active"), outdated);
-
-                        if (UpdateChecker.isOutdated()) {
-                            lblUpdateSubProperty.set(i18n("update.newest_version", UpdateChecker.getLatestVersion().getVersion()));
-                        } else if (UpdateChecker.isCheckingUpdate()) {
-                            lblUpdateSubProperty.set(i18n("update.checking"));
-                        } else {
-                            lblUpdateSubProperty.set(i18n("update.latest"));
+                        @Override
+                        protected int getTrailingTextIndex() {
+                            return LineComponent.IDX_TRAILING + 1;
                         }
                     };
-                    UpdateChecker.latestVersionProperty().addListener(new WeakInvalidationListener(updateListener));
-                    UpdateChecker.outdatedProperty().addListener(new WeakInvalidationListener(updateListener));
-                    UpdateChecker.checkingUpdateProperty().addListener(new WeakInvalidationListener(updateListener));
-                    updateListener.invalidated(null);
+                    updateChannel = updatePane.valueProperty();
+                    updatePane.setTitle(i18n("update"));
+                    updatePane.setValue(UpdateChannel.getChannel());
+
+                    updatePane.setNullSafeConverter(channel -> i18n("update.channel." + channel.channelName));
+                    updatePane.setItems(List.of(UpdateChannel.STABLE, UpdateChannel.DEVELOPMENT));
+                    updatePane.setDescriptionConverter(channel -> i18n("update.note." + channel.channelName));
+
+                    final StringProperty lblUpdateSubProperty = updatePane.subtitleProperty();
+
+                    {
+                        updateListener = any -> {
+                            boolean outdated = UpdateChecker.isOutdated();
+
+                            updateButton.setVisible(outdated);
+                            updateButton.setManaged(outdated);
+                            updatePane.pseudoClassStateChanged(PseudoClass.getPseudoClass("active"), outdated);
+
+                            if (UpdateChecker.isOutdated()) {
+                                lblUpdateSubProperty.set(i18n("update.newest_version", UpdateChecker.getLatestVersion().version()));
+                            } else if (UpdateChecker.isCheckingUpdate()) {
+                                lblUpdateSubProperty.set(i18n("update.checking"));
+                            } else {
+                                lblUpdateSubProperty.set(i18n("update.latest"));
+                            }
+                        };
+                        UpdateChecker.latestVersionProperty().addListener(new WeakInvalidationListener(updateListener));
+                        UpdateChecker.outdatedProperty().addListener(new WeakInvalidationListener(updateListener));
+                        UpdateChecker.checkingUpdateProperty().addListener(new WeakInvalidationListener(updateListener));
+                        updateListener.invalidated(null);
+                    }
+
+                    updatePaneList.getContent().add(updatePane);
                 }
 
-                settingsPane.getContent().add(updatePane);
+                {
+                    LineToggleButton previewPane = new LineToggleButton();
+                    previewPane.setTitle(i18n("update.preview"));
+                    previewPane.setSubtitle(i18n("update.preview.subtitle"));
+                    previewPane.selectedProperty().bindBidirectional(config().acceptPreviewUpdateProperty());
+
+                    InvalidationListener checkUpdateListener = e -> {
+                        UpdateChecker.requestCheckUpdate(updateChannel.get(), previewPane.isSelected());
+                    };
+                    updateChannel.addListener(checkUpdateListener);
+                    previewPane.selectedProperty().addListener(checkUpdateListener);
+
+                    updatePaneList.getContent().add(previewPane);
+                }
+
+                {
+                    LineToggleButton disableAutoShowUpdateDialogPane = new LineToggleButton();
+                    disableAutoShowUpdateDialogPane.setTitle(i18n("update.disable_auto_show_update_dialog"));
+                    disableAutoShowUpdateDialogPane.setSubtitle(i18n("update.disable_auto_show_update_dialog.subtitle"));
+                    disableAutoShowUpdateDialogPane.selectedProperty().bindBidirectional(config().disableAutoShowUpdateDialogProperty());
+                    updatePaneList.getContent().add(disableAutoShowUpdateDialogPane);
+                }
+
+                rootPane.getChildren().addAll(ComponentList.createComponentListTitle(i18n("update")), updatePaneList);
             }
 
             {
-                LineToggleButton previewPane = new LineToggleButton();
-                previewPane.setTitle(i18n("update.preview"));
-                previewPane.setSubtitle(i18n("update.preview.subtitle"));
-                previewPane.selectedProperty().bindBidirectional(config().acceptPreviewUpdateProperty());
+                ComponentList languagePaneList = new ComponentList();
 
-                InvalidationListener checkUpdateListener = e -> {
-                    UpdateChecker.requestCheckUpdate(updateChannel.get(), previewPane.isSelected());
-                };
-                updateChannel.addListener(checkUpdateListener);
-                previewPane.selectedProperty().addListener(checkUpdateListener);
+                {
+                    var chooseLanguagePane = new LineSelectButton<SupportedLocale>();
+                    chooseLanguagePane.setTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.language"));
+                    chooseLanguagePane.setSubtitle(i18n("settings.take_effect_after_restart"));
 
-                settingsPane.getContent().add(previewPane);
+                    SupportedLocale currentLocale = I18n.getLocale();
+                    chooseLanguagePane.setNullSafeConverter(locale -> {
+                        if (locale.isDefault())
+                            return locale.getDisplayName(currentLocale);
+                        else if (locale.isSameLanguage(currentLocale))
+                            return locale.getDisplayName(locale);
+                        else
+                            return locale.getDisplayName(currentLocale) + " - " + locale.getDisplayName(locale);
+                    });
+                    chooseLanguagePane.setItems(SupportedLocale.getSupportedLocales());
+                    chooseLanguagePane.valueProperty().bindBidirectional(config().localizationProperty());
+
+                    languagePaneList.getContent().add(chooseLanguagePane);
+
+                    LineToggleButton disableAutoGameOptionsPane = new LineToggleButton();
+                    disableAutoGameOptionsPane.setTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.disable_auto_game_options"));
+                    disableAutoGameOptionsPane.selectedProperty().bindBidirectional(config().disableAutoGameOptionsProperty());
+
+                    languagePaneList.getContent().add(disableAutoGameOptionsPane);
+                }
+
+                rootPane.getChildren().addAll(ComponentList.createComponentListTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.language")), languagePaneList);
             }
 
             {
-                LineToggleButton disableAutoShowUpdateDialogPane = new LineToggleButton();
-                disableAutoShowUpdateDialogPane.setTitle(i18n("update.disable_auto_show_update_dialog"));
-                disableAutoShowUpdateDialogPane.setSubtitle(i18n("update.disable_auto_show_update_dialog.subtitle"));
-                disableAutoShowUpdateDialogPane.selectedProperty().bindBidirectional(config().disableAutoShowUpdateDialogProperty());
-                settingsPane.getContent().add(disableAutoShowUpdateDialogPane);
+                ComponentList miscPaneList = new ComponentList();
+
+                if (AprilFools.isShowAprilFoolsSettings()) {
+                    LineToggleButton disableAprilFools = new LineToggleButton();
+                    disableAprilFools.setTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.disable_april_fools"));
+                    disableAprilFools.setSubtitle(i18n("settings.take_effect_after_restart"));
+                    disableAprilFools.selectedProperty().bindBidirectional(config().disableAprilFoolsProperty());
+                    miscPaneList.getContent().add(disableAprilFools);
+                }
+
+                {
+                    LineToggleButton allowAutoAgentPane = new LineToggleButton();
+                    allowAutoAgentPane.setTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.allow_auto_agent"));
+                    allowAutoAgentPane.setSubtitle(i18n("settings.launcher.allow_auto_agent.subtitle"));
+                    allowAutoAgentPane.selectedProperty().bindBidirectional(config().allowAutoAgentProperty());
+
+                    miscPaneList.getContent().add(allowAutoAgentPane);
+                }
+
+                {
+                    BorderPane debugPane = new BorderPane();
+
+                    Label left = new Label(i18n("settings.launcher.debug"));
+                    BorderPane.setAlignment(left, Pos.CENTER_LEFT);
+                    debugPane.setLeft(left);
+
+                    JFXButton openLogFolderButton = new JFXButton(i18n("settings.launcher.launcher_log.reveal"));
+                    openLogFolderButton.setOnAction(e -> openLogFolder());
+                    openLogFolderButton.getStyleClass().add("jfx-button-border");
+                    if (LOG.getLogFile() == null)
+                        openLogFolderButton.setDisable(true);
+
+                    SpinnerPane exportLogPane = new SpinnerPane();
+
+                    JFXButton logButton = FXUtils.newBorderButton(i18n("settings.launcher.launcher_log.export"));
+                    exportLogPane.setContent(logButton);
+                    logButton.setOnAction(e -> {
+                        exportLogPane.showSpinner();
+                        onExportLogs().whenCompleteAsync((result, exception) -> {
+                            exportLogPane.hideSpinner();
+                            if (exception == null) {
+                                Controllers.dialog(i18n("settings.launcher.launcher_log.export.success", result));
+                                FXUtils.showFileInExplorer(result);
+                            } else {
+                                LOG.warning("Failed to export logs", exception);
+                                Controllers.dialog(
+                                        i18n("settings.launcher.launcher_log.export.failed") + "\n" + StringUtils.getStackTrace(exception),
+                                        null,
+                                        MessageType.ERROR
+                                );
+                            }
+                        }, Schedulers.javafx());
+                    });
+
+                    HBox buttonBox = new HBox();
+                    buttonBox.setSpacing(10);
+                    buttonBox.getChildren().addAll(openLogFolderButton, exportLogPane);
+                    BorderPane.setAlignment(buttonBox, Pos.CENTER_RIGHT);
+                    debugPane.setRight(buttonBox);
+
+                    miscPaneList.getContent().add(debugPane);
+                }
+
+                rootPane.getChildren().addAll(ComponentList.createComponentListTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.misc")), miscPaneList);
             }
-
-            if (AprilFools.isShowAprilFoolsSettings()) {
-                LineToggleButton disableAprilFools = new LineToggleButton();
-                disableAprilFools.setTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.disable_april_fools"));
-                disableAprilFools.setSubtitle(i18n("settings.take_effect_after_restart"));
-                disableAprilFools.selectedProperty().bindBidirectional(config().disableAprilFoolsProperty());
-                settingsPane.getContent().add(disableAprilFools);
-            }
-
-            {
-                MultiFileItem<EnumCommonDirectory> fileCommonLocation = new MultiFileItem<>();
-                fileCommonLocation.loadChildren(Arrays.asList(
-                        new MultiFileItem.Option<>(i18n("launcher.cache_directory.default"), EnumCommonDirectory.DEFAULT),
-                        new MultiFileItem.FileOption<>(i18n("settings.custom"), EnumCommonDirectory.CUSTOM)
-                                .setChooserTitle(i18n("launcher.cache_directory.choose"))
-                                .setDirectory(true)
-                                .bindBidirectional(config().commonDirectoryProperty())
-                ));
-                fileCommonLocation.selectedDataProperty().bindBidirectional(config().commonDirTypeProperty());
-
-                ComponentSublist fileCommonLocationSublist = new ComponentSublist();
-                fileCommonLocationSublist.getContent().add(fileCommonLocation);
-                fileCommonLocationSublist.setTitle(i18n("launcher.cache_directory"));
-                fileCommonLocationSublist.setHasSubtitle(true);
-                fileCommonLocationSublist.subtitleProperty().bind(
-                        Bindings.createObjectBinding(() -> Optional.ofNullable(Settings.instance().getCommonDirectory())
-                                        .orElse(i18n("launcher.cache_directory.disabled")),
-                                config().commonDirectoryProperty(), config().commonDirTypeProperty()));
-
-                JFXButton cleanButton = FXUtils.newBorderButton(i18n("launcher.cache_directory.clean"));
-                cleanButton.setOnAction(e -> clearCacheDirectory());
-                fileCommonLocationSublist.setHeaderRight(cleanButton);
-
-                settingsPane.getContent().add(fileCommonLocationSublist);
-            }
-
-            {
-                var chooseLanguagePane = new LineSelectButton<SupportedLocale>();
-                chooseLanguagePane.setTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.language"));
-                chooseLanguagePane.setSubtitle(i18n("settings.take_effect_after_restart"));
-
-                SupportedLocale currentLocale = I18n.getLocale();
-                chooseLanguagePane.setConverter(locale -> {
-                    if (locale.isDefault())
-                        return locale.getDisplayName(currentLocale);
-                    else if (locale.isSameLanguage(currentLocale))
-                        return locale.getDisplayName(locale);
-                    else
-                        return locale.getDisplayName(currentLocale) + " - " + locale.getDisplayName(locale);
-                });
-                chooseLanguagePane.setItems(SupportedLocale.getSupportedLocales());
-                chooseLanguagePane.valueProperty().bindBidirectional(config().localizationProperty());
-
-                settingsPane.getContent().add(chooseLanguagePane);
-            }
-
-            {
-                LineToggleButton disableAutoGameOptionsPane = new LineToggleButton();
-                disableAutoGameOptionsPane.setTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.disable_auto_game_options"));
-                disableAutoGameOptionsPane.selectedProperty().bindBidirectional(config().disableAutoGameOptionsProperty());
-
-                settingsPane.getContent().add(disableAutoGameOptionsPane);
-            }
-
-            {
-                LineToggleButton allowAutoAgentPane = new LineToggleButton();
-                allowAutoAgentPane.setTitle(i18n("settings.launcher.allow_auto_agent"));
-                allowAutoAgentPane.setSubtitle(i18n("settings.launcher.allow_auto_agent.subtitle"));
-                allowAutoAgentPane.selectedProperty().bindBidirectional(config().allowAutoAgentProperty());
-
-                settingsPane.getContent().add(allowAutoAgentPane);
-            }
-
-            {
-                BorderPane debugPane = new BorderPane();
-
-                Label left = new Label(i18n("settings.launcher.debug"));
-                BorderPane.setAlignment(left, Pos.CENTER_LEFT);
-                debugPane.setLeft(left);
-
-                JFXButton openLogFolderButton = new JFXButton(i18n("settings.launcher.launcher_log.reveal"));
-                openLogFolderButton.setOnAction(e -> openLogFolder());
-                openLogFolderButton.getStyleClass().add("jfx-button-border");
-                if (LOG.getLogFile() == null)
-                    openLogFolderButton.setDisable(true);
-
-                SpinnerPane exportLogPane = new SpinnerPane();
-
-                JFXButton logButton = FXUtils.newBorderButton(i18n("settings.launcher.launcher_log.export"));
-                exportLogPane.setContent(logButton);
-                logButton.setOnAction(e -> {
-                    exportLogPane.showSpinner();
-                    onExportLogs().whenCompleteAsync((result, exception) -> {
-                        exportLogPane.hideSpinner();
-                        if (exception == null) {
-                            Controllers.dialog(i18n("settings.launcher.launcher_log.export.success", result));
-                            FXUtils.showFileInExplorer(result);
-                        } else {
-                            LOG.warning("Failed to export logs", exception);
-                            Controllers.dialog(
-                                    i18n("settings.launcher.launcher_log.export.failed") + "\n" + StringUtils.getStackTrace(exception),
-                                    null,
-                                    MessageType.ERROR
-                            );
-                        }
-                    }, Schedulers.javafx());
-                });
-
-                HBox buttonBox = new HBox();
-                buttonBox.setSpacing(10);
-                buttonBox.getChildren().addAll(openLogFolderButton, exportLogPane);
-                BorderPane.setAlignment(buttonBox, Pos.CENTER_RIGHT);
-                debugPane.setRight(buttonBox);
-
-                settingsPane.getContent().add(debugPane);
-            }
-
-            rootPane.getChildren().add(settingsPane);
         }
     }
 
@@ -452,15 +401,4 @@ public final class SettingsPage extends ScrollPane {
             return outputFile;
         }), Schedulers.io());
     }
-
-    private void onSponsor() {
-        FXUtils.openLink("https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL");
-    }
-
-    private void clearCacheDirectory() {
-        String commonDirectory = Settings.instance().getCommonDirectory();
-        if (commonDirectory != null) {
-            FileUtils.cleanDirectoryQuietly(Path.of(commonDirectory, "cache"));
-        }
-    }
 }

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/skin/SkinCube.java

@@ -58,14 +58,14 @@ public class SkinCube extends MeshView {
                     5, 0, 4, 1, 0, 5,    //P5,T0, P4,T1, P0,T5
                     5, 0, 0, 5, 1, 4,    //P5,T0, P0,T5, P1,T4
                     // RIGHT
-                    0, 5, 4, 6, 6, 11,   //P0,T4 ,P4,T3, P6,T8
-                    0, 5, 6, 11, 2, 10,  //P0,T4 ,P6,T8, P2,T9
+                    5, 3, 1, 4, 3, 9,    //P5,T3, P1,T4, P3,T9
+                    5, 3, 3, 9, 7, 8,    //P5,T3, P3,T9, P7,T8
                     // FRONT
                     1, 4, 0, 5, 2, 10,   //P1,T5, P0,T4, P2,T9
                     1, 4, 2, 10, 3, 9,   //P1,T5, P2,T9, P3,T10
                     // LEFT
-                    5, 3, 1, 4, 3, 9,    //P5,T6, P1,T5, P3,T10
-                    5, 3, 3, 9, 7, 8,    //P5,T6, P3,T10,P7,T11
+                    0, 5, 4, 6, 6, 11,   //P0,T4 ,P4,T3, P6,T8
+                    0, 5, 6, 11, 2, 10,  //P0,T4 ,P6,T8, P2,T9
                     // BACK
                     4, 6, 5, 7, 7, 12,   //P4,T6, P5,T7, P7,T12
                     4, 6, 7, 12, 6, 11,  //P4,T6, P7,T12,P6,T11

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/skin/SkinMultipleCubes.java

@@ -131,14 +131,15 @@ public class SkinMultipleCubes extends Group {
         // LEFT
         getChildren().add(new Face(skin, start_x + width_interval + depth_interval, start_y + depth_interval, depth, height, interval, false, false,
                 () -> new Box(thick, length, length), (b, p) -> {
-            b.setTranslateX((width * length + thick) / 2.0);
+            b.setTranslateX(-(width * length + thick) / 2.0);
             b.setTranslateY(-((height - 1) / 2.0 - p.getY()) * b.getHeight());
             b.setTranslateZ(((depth - 1) / 2.0 - p.getX()) * b.getDepth());
         }));
+
         // RIGHT
         getChildren().add(new Face(skin, start_x, start_y + depth_interval, depth, height, interval, true, false,
                 () -> new Box(thick, length, length), (b, p) -> {
-            b.setTranslateX(-(width * length + thick) / 2.0);
+            b.setTranslateX((width * length + thick) / 2.0);
             b.setTranslateY(-((height - 1) / 2.0 - p.getY()) * b.getHeight());
             b.setTranslateZ(((depth - 1) / 2.0 - p.getX()) * b.getDepth());
         }));

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/terracotta/TerracottaControllerPage.java

@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ public class TerracottaControllerPage extends StackPane {
                         } else {
                             handler.resolve();
                         }
-                    });
+                    }, "", new RequiredValidator(i18n("input.not_empty")));
                 });
 
                 if (ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble() < 0.02D) {

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/versions/AdvancedVersionSettingPage.java

@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ public final class AdvancedVersionSettingPage extends StackPane implements Decor
             nativesDirSublist.setHasSubtitle(true);
             nativesDirCustomOption = new MultiFileItem.FileOption<>(i18n("settings.advanced.natives_directory.custom"), NativesDirectoryType.CUSTOM)
                     .setChooserTitle(i18n("settings.advanced.natives_directory.choose"))
-                    .setDirectory(true);
+                    .setSelectionMode(FileSelector.SelectionMode.DIRECTORY);
             nativesDirItem.loadChildren(Arrays.asList(
                     new MultiFileItem.Option<>(i18n("settings.advanced.natives_directory.default"), NativesDirectoryType.VERSION_FOLDER),
                     nativesDirCustomOption
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ public final class AdvancedVersionSettingPage extends StackPane implements Decor
 
             graphicsBackendPane = new LineSelectButton<>();
             graphicsBackendPane.setTitle(i18n("settings.advanced.graphics_backend"));
-            graphicsBackendPane.setConverter(backend -> i18n("settings.advanced.graphics_backend." + backend.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)));
+            graphicsBackendPane.setNullSafeConverter(backend -> i18n("settings.advanced.graphics_backend." + backend.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)));
             graphicsBackendPane.setDescriptionConverter(backend -> switch (backend) {
                     case DEFAULT -> i18n("settings.advanced.graphics_backend.default.desc");
                     case OPENGL -> i18n("settings.advanced.graphics_backend.opengl.desc");
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ public final class AdvancedVersionSettingPage extends StackPane implements Decor
 
             rendererPane = new LineSelectButton<>();
             rendererPane.setTitle(i18n("settings.advanced.renderer"));
-            rendererPane.setConverter(e -> i18n("settings.advanced.renderer." + e.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)));
+            rendererPane.setNullSafeConverter(e -> i18n("settings.advanced.renderer." + e.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)));
             rendererPane.setDescriptionConverter(e -> {
                 String bundleKey = "settings.advanced.renderer." + e.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT) + ".desc";
                 return I18n.hasKey(bundleKey) ? i18n(bundleKey) : null;

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/versions/DownloadPage.java

@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ public class DownloadPage extends Control implements DecoratorPage {
                             case CLEANROOM:
                                 content.addTag(i18n("install.installer.cleanroom"));
                                 break;
-                            case NEO_FORGED:
+                            case NEO_FORGE:
                                 content.addTag(i18n("install.installer.neoforge"));
                                 break;
                             case FABRIC:

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/versions/ModListPage.java

@@ -160,11 +160,11 @@ public final class ModListPage extends ListPageBase<ModListPageSkin.ModInfoObjec
 
         if (analyzer.has(LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryType.FABRIC) && modManager.hasMod("kilt", ModLoaderType.FABRIC)) {
             supportedLoaders.add(ModLoaderType.FORGE);
-            supportedLoaders.add(ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGED);
+            supportedLoaders.add(ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGE);
         }
 
         // Sinytra Connector
-        if (analyzer.has(LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryType.NEO_FORGE) && modManager.hasMod("connectormod", ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGED)
+        if (analyzer.has(LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryType.NEO_FORGE) && modManager.hasMod("connectormod", ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGE)
                 || "1.20.1".equals(gameVersion) && analyzer.has(LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryType.FORGE) && modManager.hasMod("connectormod", ModLoaderType.FORGE)) {
             supportedLoaders.add(ModLoaderType.FABRIC);
         }

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/versions/ModListPageSkin.java

@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ final class ModListPageSkin extends SkinBase<ModListPage> {
                                         case FORGE -> i18n("install.installer.forge");
                                         case CLEANROOM -> i18n("install.installer.cleanroom");
                                         case LEGACY_FABRIC -> i18n("install.installer.legacyfabric");
-                                        case NEO_FORGED -> i18n("install.installer.neoforge");
+                                        case NEO_FORGE -> i18n("install.installer.neoforge");
                                         case FABRIC -> i18n("install.installer.fabric");
                                         case LITE_LOADER -> i18n("install.installer.liteloader");
                                         case QUILT -> i18n("install.installer.quilt");
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ final class ModListPageSkin extends SkinBase<ModListPage> {
                     case FORGE -> content.addTagWarning(i18n("install.installer.forge"));
                     case LEGACY_FABRIC -> content.addTagWarning(i18n("install.installer.legacyfabric"));
                     case CLEANROOM -> content.addTagWarning(i18n("install.installer.cleanroom"));
-                    case NEO_FORGED -> content.addTagWarning(i18n("install.installer.neoforge"));
+                    case NEO_FORGE -> content.addTagWarning(i18n("install.installer.neoforge"));
                     case FABRIC -> content.addTagWarning(i18n("install.installer.fabric"));
                     case LITE_LOADER -> content.addTagWarning(i18n("install.installer.liteloader"));
                     case QUILT -> content.addTagWarning(i18n("install.installer.quilt"));

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/versions/VersionSettingsPage.java

@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ public final class VersionSettingsPage extends StackPane implements DecoratorPag
             gameDirItem.disableProperty().bind(modpack);
             gameDirCustomOption = new MultiFileItem.FileOption<>(i18n("settings.custom"), GameDirectoryType.CUSTOM)
                     .setChooserTitle(i18n("settings.game.working_directory.choose"))
-                    .setDirectory(true);
+                    .setSelectionMode(FileSelector.SelectionMode.DIRECTORY);
 
             gameDirItem.loadChildren(Arrays.asList(
                     new MultiFileItem.Option<>(i18n("settings.advanced.game_dir.default"), GameDirectoryType.ROOT_FOLDER),
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ public final class VersionSettingsPage extends StackPane implements DecoratorPag
             launcherVisibilityPane = new LineSelectButton<>();
             launcherVisibilityPane.setTitle(i18n("settings.advanced.launcher_visible"));
             launcherVisibilityPane.setItems(LauncherVisibility.values());
-            launcherVisibilityPane.setConverter(e -> i18n("settings.advanced.launcher_visibility." + e.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)));
+            launcherVisibilityPane.setNullSafeConverter(e -> i18n("settings.advanced.launcher_visibility." + e.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)));
 
             BorderPane dimensionPane = new BorderPane();
             {
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ public final class VersionSettingsPage extends StackPane implements DecoratorPag
             enableDebugLogOutputPane.setTitle(i18n("settings.enable_debug_log_output"));
             processPriorityPane = new LineSelectButton<>();
             processPriorityPane.setTitle(i18n("settings.advanced.process_priority"));
-            processPriorityPane.setConverter(e -> i18n("settings.advanced.process_priority." + e.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)));
+            processPriorityPane.setNullSafeConverter(e -> i18n("settings.advanced.process_priority." + e.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)));
             processPriorityPane.setDescriptionConverter(e -> {
                 String bundleKey = "settings.advanced.process_priority." + e.name().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT) + ".desc";
                 return I18n.hasKey(bundleKey) ? i18n(bundleKey) : null;

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/versions/WorldBackupsPage.java

@@ -40,10 +40,12 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.RipplerContainer;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.ui.construct.TwoLineListItem;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Pair;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.TaskCancellationAction;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.i18n.I18n;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 
-import java.nio.file.*;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.time.LocalDateTime;
 import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@ public final class WorldBackupsPage extends ListPageBase<WorldBackupsPage.Backup
                 LOG.warning("Failed to create backup", exception);
                 Controllers.dialog(i18n("world.backup.create.failed", StringUtils.getStackTrace(exception)), null, MessageDialogPane.MessageType.WARNING);
             }
-        }), i18n("world.backup"), null);
+        }), i18n("world.backup"), TaskCancellationAction.NO_CANCEL);
     }
 
     private final class WorldBackupsPageSkin extends ToolbarListPageSkin<BackupInfo, WorldBackupsPage> {

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/ui/versions/WorldInfoPage.java

@@ -24,13 +24,11 @@ import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
 import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
 import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
 import javafx.geometry.Pos;
-import javafx.scene.Cursor;
 import javafx.scene.control.Label;
 import javafx.scene.control.ScrollPane;
 import javafx.scene.effect.BoxBlur;
 import javafx.scene.image.Image;
 import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
-import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
 import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
 import javafx.stage.FileChooser;
 import org.glavo.nbt.tag.*;
@@ -162,11 +160,10 @@ public final class WorldInfoPage extends SpinnerPane implements WorldManagePage.
                 seedPane.setTitle(i18n("world.info.random_seed"));
 
                 SimpleBooleanProperty visibility = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
-                StackPane visibilityButton = new StackPane();
+                JFXButton visibilityButton = FXUtils.newToggleButton4(SVG.VISIBILITY_OFF);
                 {
-                    visibilityButton.setCursor(Cursor.HAND);
-                    visibilityButton.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER_RIGHT);
-                    FXUtils.onClicked(visibilityButton, () -> visibility.set(!visibility.get()));
+                    visibilityButton.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
+                    visibilityButton.setOnAction((event) -> visibility.set(!visibility.get()));
                 }
 
                 Label seedLabel = new Label();
@@ -180,7 +177,7 @@ public final class WorldInfoPage extends SpinnerPane implements WorldManagePage.
                     blur.setIterations(3);
                     FXUtils.onChangeAndOperate(visibility, isVisibility -> {
                         SVG icon = isVisibility ? SVG.VISIBILITY : SVG.VISIBILITY_OFF;
-                        visibilityButton.getChildren().setAll(icon.createIcon(12));
+                        visibilityButton.setGraphic(icon.createIcon(16));
                         seedLabel.setEffect(isVisibility ? null : blur);
                     });
                 }

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/upgrade/HMCLDownloadTask.java

@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ final class HMCLDownloadTask extends FileDownloadTask {
     private final RemoteVersion.Type archiveFormat;
 
     public HMCLDownloadTask(RemoteVersion version, Path target) {
-        super(version.getUrl(), target, version.getIntegrityCheck());
-        archiveFormat = version.getType();
+        super(version.url(), target, version.integrityCheck());
+        archiveFormat = version.type();
     }
 
     @Override

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/upgrade/RemoteVersion.java

@@ -23,11 +23,13 @@ import com.google.gson.JsonParseException;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.FileDownloadTask.IntegrityCheck;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Optional;
 
-public final class RemoteVersion {
+public record RemoteVersion(UpdateChannel channel, String version, String url, Type type, IntegrityCheck integrityCheck,
+                            boolean preview, boolean force) {
 
     public static RemoteVersion fetch(UpdateChannel channel, boolean preview, String url) throws IOException {
         try {
@@ -46,54 +48,8 @@ public final class RemoteVersion {
         }
     }
 
-    private final UpdateChannel channel;
-    private final String version;
-    private final String url;
-    private final Type type;
-    private final IntegrityCheck integrityCheck;
-    private final boolean preview;
-    private final boolean force;
-
-    public RemoteVersion(UpdateChannel channel, String version, String url, Type type, IntegrityCheck integrityCheck, boolean preview, boolean force) {
-        this.channel = channel;
-        this.version = version;
-        this.url = url;
-        this.type = type;
-        this.integrityCheck = integrityCheck;
-        this.preview = preview;
-        this.force = force;
-    }
-
-    public UpdateChannel getChannel() {
-        return channel;
-    }
-
-    public String getVersion() {
-        return version;
-    }
-
-    public String getUrl() {
-        return url;
-    }
-
-    public Type getType() {
-        return type;
-    }
-
-    public IntegrityCheck getIntegrityCheck() {
-        return integrityCheck;
-    }
-
-    public boolean isPreview() {
-        return preview;
-    }
-
-    public boolean isForce() {
-        return force;
-    }
-
     @Override
-    public String toString() {
+    public @NotNull String toString() {
         return "[" + version + " from " + url + "]";
     }
 

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/upgrade/UpdateChecker.java

@@ -43,13 +43,13 @@ public final class UpdateChecker {
                 RemoteVersion latest = latestVersion.get();
                 if (latest == null || isDevelopmentVersion(Metadata.VERSION)) {
                     return false;
-                } else if (latest.isForce()
+                } else if (latest.force()
                         || Metadata.isNightly()
-                        || latest.getChannel() == UpdateChannel.NIGHTLY
-                        || latest.getChannel() != UpdateChannel.getChannel()) {
-                    return !latest.getVersion().equals(Metadata.VERSION);
+                        || latest.channel() == UpdateChannel.NIGHTLY
+                        || latest.channel() != UpdateChannel.getChannel()) {
+                    return !latest.version().equals(Metadata.VERSION);
                 } else {
-                    return VersionNumber.compare(Metadata.VERSION, latest.getVersion()) < 0;
+                    return VersionNumber.compare(Metadata.VERSION, latest.version()) < 0;
                 }
             },
             latestVersion);

HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/util/SwingFXUtils.java

@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-// Copy from javafx.swing
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
- * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
- * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-package org.jackhuang.hmcl.util;
-
-import javafx.scene.image.*;
-import javafx.scene.image.Image;
-
-import java.awt.*;
-import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
-import java.awt.image.DataBufferInt;
-import java.awt.image.SampleModel;
-import java.awt.image.SinglePixelPackedSampleModel;
-import java.nio.IntBuffer;
-
-/**
- * This class provides utility methods for converting data types between
- * Swing/AWT and JavaFX formats.
- *
- * @since JavaFX 2.2
- */
-public final class SwingFXUtils {
-    private SwingFXUtils() {
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Snapshots the specified {@link BufferedImage} and stores a copy of
-     * its pixels into a JavaFX {@link Image} object, creating a new
-     * object if needed.
-     * The returned {@code Image} will be a static snapshot of the state
-     * of the pixels in the {@code BufferedImage} at the time the method
-     * completes.  Further changes to the {@code BufferedImage} will not
-     * be reflected in the {@code Image}.
-     * <p>
-     * The optional JavaFX {@link WritableImage} parameter may be reused
-     * to store the copy of the pixels.
-     * A new {@code Image} will be created if the supplied object is null,
-     * is too small or of a type which the image pixels cannot be easily
-     * converted into.
-     *
-     * @param bimg the {@code BufferedImage} object to be converted
-     * @param wimg an optional {@code WritableImage} object that can be
-     *             used to store the returned pixel data
-     * @return an {@code Image} object representing a snapshot of the
-     * current pixels in the {@code BufferedImage}.
-     * @since JavaFX 2.2
-     */
-    public static WritableImage toFXImage(BufferedImage bimg, WritableImage wimg) {
-        int bw = bimg.getWidth();
-        int bh = bimg.getHeight();
-        switch (bimg.getType()) {
-            case BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB:
-            case BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB_PRE:
-                break;
-            default:
-                BufferedImage converted =
-                        new BufferedImage(bw, bh, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB_PRE);
-                Graphics2D g2d = converted.createGraphics();
-                g2d.drawImage(bimg, 0, 0, null);
-                g2d.dispose();
-                bimg = converted;
-                break;
-        }
-        // assert(bimg.getType == TYPE_INT_ARGB[_PRE]);
-        if (wimg != null) {
-            int iw = (int) wimg.getWidth();
-            int ih = (int) wimg.getHeight();
-            if (iw < bw || ih < bh) {
-                wimg = null;
-            } else if (bw < iw || bh < ih) {
-                int[] empty = new int[iw];
-                PixelWriter pw = wimg.getPixelWriter();
-                PixelFormat<IntBuffer> pf = PixelFormat.getIntArgbPreInstance();
-                if (bw < iw) {
-                    pw.setPixels(bw, 0, iw - bw, bh, pf, empty, 0, 0);
-                }
-                if (bh < ih) {
-                    pw.setPixels(0, bh, iw, ih - bh, pf, empty, 0, 0);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        if (wimg == null) {
-            wimg = new WritableImage(bw, bh);
-        }
-        PixelWriter pw = wimg.getPixelWriter();
-        DataBufferInt db = (DataBufferInt) bimg.getRaster().getDataBuffer();
-        int[] data = db.getData();
-        int offset = bimg.getRaster().getDataBuffer().getOffset();
-        int scan = 0;
-        SampleModel sm = bimg.getRaster().getSampleModel();
-        if (sm instanceof SinglePixelPackedSampleModel) {
-            scan = ((SinglePixelPackedSampleModel) sm).getScanlineStride();
-        }
-
-        PixelFormat<IntBuffer> pf = (bimg.isAlphaPremultiplied() ?
-                PixelFormat.getIntArgbPreInstance() :
-                PixelFormat.getIntArgbInstance());
-        pw.setPixels(0, 0, bw, bh, pf, data, offset, scan);
-        return wimg;
-    }
-
-    public static WritableImage toFXImage(BufferedImage bimg, double requestedWidth, double requestedHeight, boolean preserveRatio, boolean smooth) {
-        if (requestedWidth <= 0. || requestedHeight <= 0.) {
-            return toFXImage(bimg, null);
-        }
-
-        int width = (int) requestedWidth;
-        int height = (int) requestedHeight;
-
-        // Calculate actual dimensions if preserveRatio is true
-        if (preserveRatio) {
-            double originalWidth = bimg.getWidth();
-            double originalHeight = bimg.getHeight();
-            double scaleX = requestedWidth / originalWidth;
-            double scaleY = requestedHeight / originalHeight;
-            double scale = Math.min(scaleX, scaleY);
-
-            width = (int) (originalWidth * scale);
-            height = (int) (originalHeight * scale);
-        }
-
-        // Create scaled BufferedImage
-        BufferedImage scaledImage = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB_PRE);
-        Graphics2D g2d = scaledImage.createGraphics();
-        try {
-            if (smooth) {
-                g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR);
-                g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
-                g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
-            }
-
-            g2d.drawImage(bimg, 0, 0, width, height, null);
-        } finally {
-            g2d.dispose();
-        }
-
-        return toFXImage(scaledImage, null);
-    }
-}
-

HMCL/src/main/resources/assets/about/deps.json

@@ -98,5 +98,10 @@
     "title": "TomlJ",
     "subtitle": "Licensed under the Apache 2.0 License.",
     "externalLink": "https://github.com/tomlj/tomlj"
+  },
+  {
+    "title": "WebURL for Java",
+    "subtitle": "Licensed under the Apache 2.0 License.",
+    "externalLink": "https://github.com/Glavo/weburl-java"
   }
 ]

HMCL/src/main/resources/assets/about/thanks.json

@@ -70,6 +70,12 @@
     "subtitleLocalized" : "about.thanks_to.mcim.statement",
     "externalLink" : "https://github.com/mcmod-info-mirror"
   },
+  {
+    "image" : "/assets/img/8mi-tech.png",
+    "titleLocalized" : "about.thanks_to.8mi-tech",
+    "subtitleLocalized" : "about.thanks_to.8mi-tech.statement",
+    "externalLink" : "https://8mi.tech"
+  },
   {
     "image" : {
       "light" : "/assets/img/github.png",

HMCL/src/main/resources/assets/lang/I18N.properties

@@ -48,6 +48,8 @@ about.thanks_to.shulkersakura.statement=For providing the logo for HMCL.
 about.thanks_to.users=HMCL User Group Members
 about.thanks_to.users.statement=Thanks for donations, bug reports, and so on.
 about.thanks_to.yushijinhun.statement=For providing the authlib-injector related support.
+about.thanks_to.8mi-tech=8Mi-Tech (Quanzhou) Co., Ltd.
+about.thanks_to.8mi-tech.statement=Provides an accelerated download service for some of the game's static resources.
 about.open_source=Open Source
 about.open_source.statement=GPL v3 (https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL)
 
@@ -108,9 +110,9 @@ account.methods.microsoft.close_page=Microsoft account authorization is now comp
 account.methods.microsoft.deauthorize=Deauthorize
 account.methods.microsoft.error.add_family=Please click <a href="https://support.microsoft.com/account-billing/837badbc-999e-54d2-2617-d19206b9540a">here</a> to change your account birth date to be over 18 years old, or add your account to a family.
 account.methods.microsoft.error.country_unavailable=Xbox Live is not available in your current country/region.
-account.methods.microsoft.error.missing_xbox_account=Your Microsoft account does not have a linked Xbox account yet. Please click <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">here</a> to link one.
-account.methods.microsoft.error.no_character=Please confirm that you have purchased Minecraft: Java Edition.\n\
-  If you have already purchased it, a game profile may not have been created. Please click <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">here</a> to create a game profile.
+account.methods.microsoft.error.missing_xbox_account=Please confirm that you have purchased Minecraft: Java Edition. If you have, please click <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">here</a> to create your game profile.
+account.methods.microsoft.error.no_license=No Minecraft purchase record found. Please click <a href="https://www.xbox.com/games/store/minecraft-java-bedrock-edition-for-pc/9nxp44l49shj">here</a> to get the game.\nIf you are using Game Pass, please create your game profile <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">here</a>. If you have already purchased the game, please check if you are logged into the correct account.
+account.methods.microsoft.error.no_character=You have not created a game profile yet. Please click <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">here</a> to create one.
 account.methods.microsoft.error.banned=Your account may have been banned by Xbox Live.\n\
   You can click <a href="https://enforcement.xbox.com/enforcement/showenforcementhistory">here</a> to check the ban status of your account.
 account.methods.microsoft.error.unknown=Failed to log in, error code: %d.
@@ -1307,6 +1309,7 @@ search.page_n=%1$d / %2$s
 
 selector.choose=Choose
 selector.choose_file=Choose file
+selector.choose_directory=Choose directory
 selector.custom=Custom
 
 settings=Settings
@@ -1481,6 +1484,7 @@ settings.launcher.download_source=Download Source
 settings.launcher.download_source.auto=Automatically Choose Download Sources
 settings.launcher.default_addon_source=Default Addon Source
 settings.launcher.enable_game_list=Show instance list in homepage
+settings.launcher.misc=Misc
 settings.launcher.font=Font
 settings.launcher.font.anti_aliasing=Anti-aliasing
 settings.launcher.font.anti_aliasing.auto=Auto

HMCL/src/main/resources/assets/lang/I18N_lzh.properties

@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ about.thanks_to.shulkersakura.statement=鑄其徽
 about.thanks_to.users=HMCL 群組諸員
 about.thanks_to.users.statement=敬謝諸君之貲勉、報謬、謀案
 about.thanks_to.yushijinhun.statement=有助於 authlib-injector
+about.thanks_to.8mi-tech=八藍米資訊科技 (泉州) 有限公所
+about.thanks_to.8mi-tech.statement=供遊戲部分靜態資源之加速下載役
 about.open_source=開源
 about.open_source.statement=GPL v3 (https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL)
 

HMCL/src/main/resources/assets/lang/I18N_zh.properties

@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ about.thanks_to.shulkersakura.statement=提供 HMCL 的標誌
 about.thanks_to.users=HMCL 使用者群組成員
 about.thanks_to.users.statement=感謝使用者群組成員贊助充電、積極催更、回報問題、出謀劃策
 about.thanks_to.yushijinhun.statement=提供 authlib-injector 相關支援
+about.thanks_to.8mi-tech=八藍米信息科技 (泉州) 有限公司
+about.thanks_to.8mi-tech.statement=提供了遊戲部分靜態資源的加速下載服務
 about.open_source=開放原始碼
 about.open_source.statement=GPL v3 (https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/)
 
@@ -109,8 +111,9 @@ account.methods.microsoft.close_page=已完成 Microsoft 帳戶授權。啟動
 account.methods.microsoft.deauthorize=移除應用存取權
 account.methods.microsoft.error.add_family=請點擊 <a href="https://support.microsoft.com/account-billing/837badbc-999e-54d2-2617-d19206b9540a">此處</a> 更改你的帳戶出生日期，使年齡滿 18 歲以上，或將帳戶加入到家庭中。
 account.methods.microsoft.error.country_unavailable=你所在的國家或地區不受 Xbox Live 的支援。
-account.methods.microsoft.error.missing_xbox_account=請點擊下方 <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">此處</a> 關聯 Xbox 帳戶。
-account.methods.microsoft.error.no_character=請確認你已經購買了 Minecraft: Java 版。\n若已購買，則可能未建立遊戲檔案。請點擊 <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">此處</a> 建立遊戲檔案。
+account.methods.microsoft.error.missing_xbox_account=請確認你已經購買了 Minecraft: Java 版。若已購買，請點擊 <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">此處</a> 建立遊戲檔案。
+account.methods.microsoft.error.no_license=未找到 Minecraft 購買記錄。請點擊 <a href="https://www.xbox.com/games/store/minecraft-java-bedrock-edition-for-pc/9nxp44l49shj">此處</a> 購買遊戲。\n若你使用 Game Pass，請在 <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">此處</a> 建立遊戲檔案。若已購買，請檢查登入的帳戶是否正確。
+account.methods.microsoft.error.no_character=你可能未建立遊戲檔案。請點擊 <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">此處</a> 建立遊戲檔案。
 account.methods.microsoft.error.banned=你的帳戶可能被 Xbox Live 封禁。\n你可以點擊 <a href="https://enforcement.xbox.com/enforcement/showenforcementhistory">此處</a> 按鈕查詢帳戶封禁狀態。
 account.methods.microsoft.error.unknown=登入失敗。錯誤碼：%d。
 account.methods.microsoft.error.wrong_verify_method=登入失敗。請在 Microsoft 帳戶登入頁面嘗試使用密碼登入，不要使用其他登入方式。
@@ -1098,6 +1101,7 @@ search.page_n=%d / %s
 
 selector.choose=選取
 selector.choose_file=選取檔案
+selector.choose_directory=選取目錄
 selector.custom=自訂
 
 settings=設定
@@ -1270,6 +1274,7 @@ settings.launcher.download_source=下載來源
 settings.launcher.download_source.auto=自動選取下載來源
 settings.launcher.default_addon_source=遊戲內容預設下載來源
 settings.launcher.enable_game_list=在首頁內顯示遊戲清單
+settings.launcher.misc=雜項
 settings.launcher.font=字體
 settings.launcher.font.anti_aliasing=反鋸齒
 settings.launcher.font.anti_aliasing.auto=自動

HMCL/src/main/resources/assets/lang/I18N_zh_CN.properties

@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ about.thanks_to.shulkersakura.statement=提供 HMCL 的徽标
 about.thanks_to.users=HMCL 用户群成员
 about.thanks_to.users.statement=感谢用户群成员赞助充电、积极催更、反馈问题、出谋划策
 about.thanks_to.yushijinhun.statement=提供 authlib-injector 相关支持
+about.thanks_to.8mi-tech=八蓝米信息科技 (泉州) 有限公司
+about.thanks_to.8mi-tech.statement=提供了游戏部分静态资源的加速下载服务
 about.open_source=开源
 about.open_source.statement=GPL v3 (https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL)
 
@@ -110,8 +112,9 @@ account.methods.microsoft.close_page=已完成微软账户授权。其余登录
 account.methods.microsoft.deauthorize=解除账户授权
 account.methods.microsoft.error.add_family=请点击 <a href="https://support.microsoft.com/account-billing/837badbc-999e-54d2-2617-d19206b9540a">此处</a> 更改你的账户出生日期，使年龄满 18 岁以上，或将账户加入到家庭中。\n你可以点击右上角帮助按钮进行求助。
 account.methods.microsoft.error.country_unavailable=你所在的国家或地区不受 Xbox Live 的支持。
-account.methods.microsoft.error.missing_xbox_account=请点击 <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">此处</a> 关联 Xbox 账户。\n你可以点击右上角帮助按钮进行求助。
-account.methods.microsoft.error.no_character=请确认你已经购买了 Minecraft: Java 版。\n若已购买，则可能未创建游戏档案。请点击 <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">此处</a> 创建游戏档案。\n你可以点击右上角帮助按钮进行求助。
+account.methods.microsoft.error.missing_xbox_account=请确认你已经购买了 Minecraft: Java 版。若已购买，请点击 <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">此处</a> 创建游戏档案。\n你可以点击右上角帮助按钮进行求助。
+account.methods.microsoft.error.no_license=未找到 Minecraft 购买记录。请点击 <a href="https://www.xbox.com/games/store/minecraft-java-bedrock-edition-for-pc/9nxp44l49shj">此处</a> 购买游戏。\n若你使用 Game Pass，请在 <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">此处</a> 创建游戏档案。若已购买，请检查登录的账户是否正确。\n你可以点击右上角帮助按钮进行求助。
+account.methods.microsoft.error.no_character=你尚未创建游戏档案。请点击 <a href="https://www.minecraft.net/msaprofile/mygames/editprofile">此处</a> 创建游戏档案。\n你可以点击右上角帮助按钮进行求助。
 account.methods.microsoft.error.banned=你的账户可能被 Xbox Live 封禁。\n你可以点击 <a href="https://enforcement.xbox.com/enforcement/showenforcementhistory">此处</a> 按钮查询账户封禁状态。
 account.methods.microsoft.error.unknown=未知问题。错误码：%d。\n你可以点击右上角帮助按钮进行求助。
 account.methods.microsoft.error.wrong_verify_method=登录失败。请在微软账户登录页面使用密码登录，不要使用其他登录方式。\n你可以点击右上角帮助按钮进行求助。
@@ -366,11 +369,11 @@ download.provider.bmclapi.desc=适用于中国大陆的镜像源
 download.provider.mojang=官方
 download.provider.mojang.desc=注：OptiFine 自动安装使用 BMCLAPI 下载源
 download.provider.official=尽量使用官方源
-download.provider.official.desc=最新，但可能加载慢
+download.provider.official.desc=优先从官方源获取信息
 download.provider.balanced=选择加载速度快的下载源
-download.provider.balanced.desc=平衡，但可能不是最新
+download.provider.balanced.desc=根据你的网络连接情况选择最佳源
 download.provider.mirror=尽量使用镜像源
-download.provider.mirror.desc=加载快，但可能不是最新
+download.provider.mirror.desc=推荐中国大陆用户使用
 download.java=下载 Java
 download.java.process=下载 Java
 download.javafx=正在下载必要的运行时组件……
@@ -1015,7 +1018,7 @@ world.info.player.game_type=游戏模式
 world.info.player.game_type.adventure=冒险
 world.info.player.game_type.creative=创造
 world.info.player.game_type.hardcore=极限
-world.info.player.game_type.spectator=旁观者
+world.info.player.game_type.spectator=旁观
 world.info.player.game_type.survival=生存
 world.info.player.health=生命值
 world.info.player.last_death_location=上次死亡位置
@@ -1103,6 +1106,7 @@ search.page_n=%d / %s
 
 selector.choose=选择
 selector.choose_file=选择文件
+selector.choose_directory=选择文件夹
 selector.custom=自定义
 
 settings=设置
@@ -1275,6 +1279,7 @@ settings.launcher.download_source=下载源
 settings.launcher.download_source.auto=自动选择下载源
 settings.launcher.default_addon_source=游戏内容默认下载源
 settings.launcher.enable_game_list=在主页内显示版本列表
+settings.launcher.misc=杂项
 settings.launcher.font=字体
 settings.launcher.font.anti_aliasing=抗锯齿
 settings.launcher.font.anti_aliasing.auto=自动

HMCL/src/main/resources/assets/microsoft_auth.html

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
         }
 
         .dialog-card {
+            border-radius: 4px;
             background-color: var(--monet-surface-container-high);
             padding: 24px;
             box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.14), 0 0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02);

HMCLCore/build.gradle.kts

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ dependencies {
     api(libs.jna)
     api(libs.pci.ids)
     api(libs.hello.nbt)
+    api(libs.weburl)
 
     compileOnlyApi(libs.jetbrains.annotations)
 

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/auth/authlibinjector/AuthlibInjectorServer.java

@@ -24,12 +24,11 @@ import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.lang.reflect.Type;
 import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
-import java.net.URI;
-import java.net.URISyntaxException;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Optional;
 
+import org.glavo.url.WebURL;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.yggdrasil.YggdrasilService;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.HttpRequest;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
@@ -58,13 +57,17 @@ public class AuthlibInjectorServer implements Observable {
     public static AuthlibInjectorServer locateServer(String url) throws IOException {
         try {
             url = NetworkUtils.addHttpsIfMissing(url);
-            HttpURLConnection conn = NetworkUtils.createHttpConnection(url);
+
+            WebURL webURL = WebURL.parseBrowserInput(url);
+            url = webURL.toString();
+
+            HttpURLConnection conn = NetworkUtils.createHttpConnection(webURL);
             conn = NetworkUtils.resolveConnection(conn);
 
             String ali = conn.getHeaderField("x-authlib-injector-api-location");
             if (ali != null) {
-                URI absoluteAli = conn.getURL().toURI().resolve(NetworkUtils.toURI(ali));
-                if (!urlEqualsIgnoreSlash(url, absoluteAli.toString())) {
+                WebURL absoluteAli = WebURL.parse(ali, WebURL.of(conn.getURL()));
+                if (!urlEqualsIgnoreSlash(webURL.toString(), absoluteAli.toString())) {
                     conn.disconnect();
                     url = absoluteAli.toString();
                     conn = NetworkUtils.resolveConnection(NetworkUtils.createHttpConnection(absoluteAli));
@@ -81,7 +84,7 @@ public class AuthlibInjectorServer implements Observable {
             } finally {
                 conn.disconnect();
             }
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException | URISyntaxException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
             throw new IOException(e);
         }
     }

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/auth/microsoft/MicrosoftService.java

@@ -25,7 +25,10 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.AuthenticationException;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.OAuth;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.ServerDisconnectException;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.ServerResponseMalformedException;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.yggdrasil.*;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.yggdrasil.CompleteGameProfile;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.yggdrasil.RemoteAuthenticationException;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.yggdrasil.Texture;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.auth.yggdrasil.TextureType;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.*;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.*;
@@ -245,7 +248,16 @@ public class MicrosoftService {
                 .createConnection();
         int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
         if (responseCode == HTTP_NOT_FOUND) {
-            throw new NoMinecraftJavaEditionProfileException();
+            MinecraftLicense license = HttpRequest.GET("https://api.minecraftservices.com/entitlements/license")
+                    .authorization(tokenType, accessToken)
+                    .getJson(MinecraftLicense.class);
+            boolean hasMinecraftLicense = license != null && license.items() != null && license.items().stream()
+                    .anyMatch(item -> "game_minecraft".equals(item.name()));
+            if (!hasMinecraftLicense) {
+                throw new MinecraftJavaEditionLicenseNotFoundException();
+            } else {
+                throw new MinecraftJavaEditionProfileNotFoundException();
+            }
         } else if (responseCode != 200) {
             throw new ResponseCodeException("https://api.minecraftservices.com/minecraft/profile", responseCode);
         }
@@ -324,7 +336,10 @@ public class MicrosoftService {
     public final static class XBox400Exception extends AuthenticationException {
     }
 
-    public final static class NoMinecraftJavaEditionProfileException extends AuthenticationException {
+    public final static class MinecraftJavaEditionProfileNotFoundException extends AuthenticationException {
+    }
+
+    public final static class MinecraftJavaEditionLicenseNotFoundException extends AuthenticationException {
     }
 
     public final static class NoXuiException extends AuthenticationException {
@@ -425,6 +440,21 @@ public class MicrosoftService {
 
     }
 
+    @JsonSerializable
+    public record MinecraftLicense(
+            @SerializedName("items") List<MinecraftLicenseItem> items,
+            @SerializedName("signature") String signature,
+            @SerializedName("keyId") String keyId
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    @JsonSerializable
+    public record MinecraftLicenseItem(
+            @SerializedName("name") String name,
+            @SerializedName("signature") String signature
+    ) {
+    }
+
     public static class MinecraftProfileResponse extends MinecraftErrorResponse implements Validation {
         @SerializedName("id")
         UUID id;

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/auth/offline/Skin.java

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.UrlResponseInfo;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
@@ -244,10 +245,15 @@ public class Skin {
         }
 
         @Override
-        protected Context getContext(HttpResponse<?> response, boolean checkETag, String bmclapiHash) throws IOException {
+        protected Context getContext(@Nullable HttpResponse<?> response, boolean checkETag, String bmclapiHash) throws IOException {
             return new Context() {
                 final ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
 
+                @Override
+                public void reset() throws IOException {
+                    baos.reset();
+                }
+
                 @Override
                 public void write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int len) {
                     baos.write(buffer, offset, len);
@@ -260,7 +266,7 @@ public class Skin {
                     setResult(new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray()));
 
                     if (checkETag) {
-                        repository.cacheBytes(response, baos.toByteArray());
+                        repository.cacheBytes(UrlResponseInfo.of(response), baos.toByteArray());
                     }
                 }
             };

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/download/LibraryAnalyzer.java

@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ public final class LibraryAnalyzer implements Iterable<LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryMa
             }
         },
         CLEANROOM(true, "cleanroom", "com\\.cleanroommc", "cleanroom", ModLoaderType.CLEANROOM),
-        NEO_FORGE(true, "neoforge", "net\\.neoforged\\.fancymodloader", "(core|loader)", ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGED) {
+        NEO_FORGE(true, "neoforge", "net\\.neoforged\\.fancymodloader", "(core|loader)", ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGE) {
             private final Pattern NEO_FORGE_VERSION_MATCHER = Pattern.compile("^([0-9.]+)-(?<forge>[0-9.]+)(-([0-9.]+))?$");
 
             @Override
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ public final class LibraryAnalyzer implements Iterable<LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryMa
     public static final String MOD_LAUNCHER_MAIN = "cpw.mods.modlauncher.Launcher";
     public static final String BOOTSTRAP_LAUNCHER_MAIN = "cpw.mods.bootstraplauncher.BootstrapLauncher";
     public static final String FORGE_BOOTSTRAP_MAIN = "net.minecraftforge.bootstrap.ForgeBootstrap";
-    public static final String NEO_FORGED_BOOTSTRAP_MAIN = "net.neoforged.fml.startup.Client";
+    public static final String NEO_FORGE_BOOTSTRAP_MAIN = "net.neoforged.fml.startup.Client";
 
     public static final Set<String> FORGE_OPTIFINE_MAIN = Set.of(
             LibraryAnalyzer.VANILLA_MAIN,
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ public final class LibraryAnalyzer implements Iterable<LibraryAnalyzer.LibraryMa
             LibraryAnalyzer.MOD_LAUNCHER_MAIN,
             LibraryAnalyzer.BOOTSTRAP_LAUNCHER_MAIN,
             LibraryAnalyzer.FORGE_BOOTSTRAP_MAIN,
-            LibraryAnalyzer.NEO_FORGED_BOOTSTRAP_MAIN
+            LibraryAnalyzer.NEO_FORGE_BOOTSTRAP_MAIN
     );
 
     public static final VersionRange<VersionNumber> FORGE_OPTIFINE_BROKEN_RANGE = VersionNumber.between("48.0.0", "49.0.50");

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/download/forge/ForgeNewInstallTask.java

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.FileDownloadTask;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.task.Task;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.DigestUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.ZlibUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.function.ExceptionalFunction;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.ChecksumMismatchException;
@@ -168,6 +169,22 @@ public class ForgeNewInstallTask extends Task<Version> {
                 }
 
                 if (!Objects.equals(code, entry.getValue())) {
+                    if (!ZlibUtils.IS_ZLIB_COMPATIBLE && FileUtils.getExtension(artifact).equals("jar")) {
+                        // Forge/NeoForge generates JARs dynamically during installation.
+                        // When native compression libraries such as zlib-ng are in use,
+                        // the resulting JAR may be compressed differently, causing its
+                        // SHA-1 hash to differ from the expected value recorded in the
+                        // install profile. In this case, fall back to verifying that the
+                        // file is at least a structurally valid ZIP/JAR archive.
+                        try {
+                            FileDownloadTask.ZIP_INTEGRITY_CHECK_HANDLER.checkIntegrity(artifact, artifact);
+                            LOG.info("Ignoring SHA-1 mismatch for " + artifact + " due to non-standard zlib compression output");
+                            continue;
+                        } catch (Exception ignored) {
+                        }
+                    }
+
+
                     Files.delete(artifact);
                     throw new ChecksumMismatchException("SHA-1", entry.getValue(), code);
                 }

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/download/legacyfabric/LegacyFabricVersionList.java

@@ -52,10 +52,13 @@ public final class LegacyFabricVersionList extends VersionList<LegacyFabricRemot
             lock.writeLock().lock();
 
             try {
-                for (String gameVersion : gameVersions)
-                    for (String loaderVersion : loaderVersions)
+                for (String metaGameVersion : gameVersions) {
+                    String gameVersion = normalizeVersion(metaGameVersion);
+                    for (String loaderVersion : loaderVersions) {
                         versions.put(gameVersion, new LegacyFabricRemoteVersion(gameVersion, loaderVersion,
-                                Collections.singletonList(getLaunchMetaUrl(gameVersion, loaderVersion))));
+                                Collections.singletonList(getLaunchMetaUrl(metaGameVersion, loaderVersion))));
+                    }
+                }
             } finally {
                 lock.writeLock().unlock();
             }
@@ -71,6 +74,12 @@ public final class LegacyFabricVersionList extends VersionList<LegacyFabricRemot
                 .stream().map(GameVersion::getVersion).collect(Collectors.toList());
     }
 
+    private static String normalizeVersion(String version) {
+        return version.startsWith("2point0_")
+                ? "2.0_" + version.substring("2point0_".length())
+                : version;
+    }
+
     private static String getLaunchMetaUrl(String gameVersion, String loaderVersion) {
         return String.format("https://meta.legacyfabric.net/v2/versions/loader/%s/%s", gameVersion, loaderVersion);
     }

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/mod/ModLoaderType.java

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ public enum ModLoaderType {
     UNKNOWN,
     FORGE,
     CLEANROOM,
-    NEO_FORGED,
+    NEO_FORGE,
     FABRIC,
     QUILT,
     LITE_LOADER,

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/mod/ModManager.java

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ public final class ModManager {
         var map = new HashMap<String, List<Pair<ModMetadataReader, ModLoaderType>>>();
         var zipReaders = List.<Pair<ModMetadataReader, ModLoaderType>>of(
                 pair(ForgeNewModMetadata::fromForgeFile, ModLoaderType.FORGE),
-                pair(ForgeNewModMetadata::fromNeoForgeFile, ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGED),
+                pair(ForgeNewModMetadata::fromNeoForgeFile, ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGE),
                 pair(ForgeOldModMetadata::fromFile, ModLoaderType.FORGE),
                 pair(FabricModMetadata::fromFile, ModLoaderType.FABRIC),
                 pair(QuiltModMetadata::fromFile, ModLoaderType.QUILT),

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/mod/curse/CurseAddon.java

@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ public class CurseAddon implements RemoteMod.IMod {
                         if ("fabric".equalsIgnoreCase(version)) return Stream.of(ModLoaderType.FABRIC);
                         else if ("forge".equalsIgnoreCase(version)) return Stream.of(ModLoaderType.FORGE);
                         else if ("quilt".equalsIgnoreCase(version)) return Stream.of(ModLoaderType.QUILT);
-                        else if ("neoforge".equalsIgnoreCase(version)) return Stream.of(ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGED);
+                        else if ("neoforge".equalsIgnoreCase(version)) return Stream.of(ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGE);
                         else return Stream.empty();
                     }).collect(Collectors.toList())
             );

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/mod/modinfo/ForgeNewModMetadata.java

@@ -174,15 +174,15 @@ public final class ForgeNewModMetadata {
     }
 
     public static LocalModFile fromNeoForgeFile(ModManager modManager, Path modFile, ZipFileTree tree) throws IOException {
-        return fromFile(modManager, modFile, tree, ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGED);
+        return fromFile(modManager, modFile, tree, ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGE);
     }
 
     private static LocalModFile fromFile(ModManager modManager, Path modFile, ZipFileTree tree, ModLoaderType modLoaderType) throws IOException {
-        if (modLoaderType != ModLoaderType.FORGE && modLoaderType != ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGED) {
+        if (modLoaderType != ModLoaderType.FORGE && modLoaderType != ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGE) {
             throw new IOException("Invalid mod loader: " + modLoaderType);
         }
 
-        if (modLoaderType == ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGED) {
+        if (modLoaderType == ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGE) {
             try {
                 return fromFile0("META-INF/neoforge.mods.toml", modLoaderType, modManager, modFile, tree);
             } catch (Exception ignored) {
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ public final class ForgeNewModMetadata {
                     result = ModLoaderType.FORGE;
                     break loop;
                 case "neoforge":
-                    result = ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGED;
+                    result = ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGE;
                     break loop;
             }
         }

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/mod/modrinth/ModrinthRemoteModRepository.java

@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@ public final class ModrinthRemoteModRepository implements RemoteModRepository {
                     loaders.stream().flatMap(loader -> {
                         if ("fabric".equalsIgnoreCase(loader)) return Stream.of(ModLoaderType.FABRIC);
                         else if ("forge".equalsIgnoreCase(loader)) return Stream.of(ModLoaderType.FORGE);
-                        else if ("neoforge".equalsIgnoreCase(loader)) return Stream.of(ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGED);
+                        else if ("neoforge".equalsIgnoreCase(loader)) return Stream.of(ModLoaderType.NEO_FORGE);
                         else if ("quilt".equalsIgnoreCase(loader)) return Stream.of(ModLoaderType.QUILT);
                         else if ("liteloader".equalsIgnoreCase(loader)) return Stream.of(ModLoaderType.LITE_LOADER);
                         else return Stream.empty();

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/task/CacheFileTask.java

@@ -19,14 +19,18 @@ package org.jackhuang.hmcl.task;
 
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.CacheRepository;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.UrlResponseInfo;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.net.URI;
 import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
 import java.util.*;
 
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
@@ -80,17 +84,29 @@ public final class CacheFileTask extends FetchTask<Path> {
     }
 
     @Override
-    protected Context getContext(HttpResponse<?> response, boolean checkETag, String bmclapiHash) throws IOException {
+    protected Context getContext(@Nullable HttpResponse<?> response, boolean checkETag, String bmclapiHash) throws IOException {
         assert checkETag;
         assert response != null;
 
-        Path temp = Files.createTempFile("hmcl-download-", null);
-        OutputStream fileOutput = Files.newOutputStream(temp);
-
         return new Context() {
+            private final Path temp = Files.createTempFile("hmcl-download-", null);
+            private final FileChannel fileOutput = FileChannel.open(temp,
+                    StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                    StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING,
+                    StandardOpenOption.CREATE);
+
+            @Override
+            public void reset() throws IOException {
+                fileOutput.truncate(0L);
+            }
+
             @Override
             public void write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int len) throws IOException {
-                fileOutput.write(buffer, offset, len);
+                ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(buffer, offset, len);
+                while (byteBuffer.hasRemaining()) {
+                    //noinspection ResultOfMethodCallIgnored
+                    fileOutput.write(byteBuffer);
+                }
             }
 
             @Override
@@ -99,25 +115,27 @@ public final class CacheFileTask extends FetchTask<Path> {
                     fileOutput.close();
                 } catch (IOException e) {
                     LOG.warning("Failed to close file: " + temp, e);
+                    deleteTempFile();
+                    throw e;
                 }
 
                 if (!isSuccess()) {
-                    try {
-                        Files.deleteIfExists(temp);
-                    } catch (IOException e) {
-                        LOG.warning("Failed to delete file: " + temp, e);
-                    }
+                    deleteTempFile();
                     return;
                 }
 
                 try {
-                    setResult(repository.cacheRemoteFile(response, temp));
+                    setResult(repository.cacheRemoteFile(UrlResponseInfo.of(response), temp));
                 } finally {
-                    try {
-                        Files.deleteIfExists(temp);
-                    } catch (IOException e) {
-                        LOG.warning("Failed to delete file: " + temp, e);
-                    }
+                    deleteTempFile();
+                }
+            }
+
+            private void deleteTempFile() {
+                try {
+                    Files.deleteIfExists(temp);
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    LOG.warning("Failed to delete file: " + temp, e);
                 }
             }
         };

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/task/FetchTask.java

@@ -21,10 +21,7 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.event.Event;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.event.EventBus;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.event.EventManager;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.*;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.ContentEncoding;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.IOUtils;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
-import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.ResponseCodeException;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.*;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
@@ -38,8 +35,13 @@ import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.time.Duration;
 import java.util.*;
-import java.util.concurrent.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Lang.threadPool;
 import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
@@ -91,14 +93,11 @@ public abstract class FetchTask<T> extends Task<T> {
     public void execute() throws Exception {
         boolean checkETag;
         switch (shouldCheckETag()) {
-            case CHECK_E_TAG:
-                checkETag = true;
-                break;
-            case NOT_CHECK_E_TAG:
-                checkETag = false;
-                break;
-            default:
+            case CHECK_E_TAG -> checkETag = true;
+            case NOT_CHECK_E_TAG -> checkETag = false;
+            default -> {
                 return;
+            }
         }
 
         ArrayList<DownloadException> exceptions = null;
@@ -135,12 +134,111 @@ public abstract class FetchTask<T> extends Task<T> {
         }
     }
 
+    private static final class HttpResumeContext {
+        private static final Pattern CONTENT_RANGE_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("bytes ([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)");
+
+        static @Nullable FetchTask.HttpResumeContext of(HttpResponse<?> response) throws IOException {
+            if (response.statusCode() != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK)
+                return null;
+
+            boolean acceptRanges = response.headers().firstValue("accept-ranges").orElse("").equalsIgnoreCase("bytes");
+            if (!acceptRanges)
+                return null;
+
+            var contentEncoding = ContentEncoding.fromHeaders(response.headers());
+            if (contentEncoding != ContentEncoding.IDENTITY)
+                return null;
+
+            long contentLength = response.headers().firstValueAsLong("content-length").orElse(-1L);
+            if (contentLength < 0)
+                return null;
+
+            String eTag = response.headers().firstValue("etag").orElse(null);
+            String strongETag = isStrongETag(eTag) ? eTag : null;
+            String lastModified = response.headers().firstValue("last-modified").orElse(null);
+            if (strongETag == null && StringUtils.isBlank(lastModified))
+                return null;
+
+            return new HttpResumeContext(response.uri(), contentLength, strongETag, lastModified);
+        }
+
+        private final URI uri;
+        private final long contentLength;
+        private final @Nullable String strongETag;
+        private final @Nullable String lastModified;
+
+        long countUncompressed;
+
+        private HttpResumeContext(URI uri, long contentLength, @Nullable String strongETag, @Nullable String lastModified) {
+            this.uri = uri;
+            this.contentLength = contentLength;
+            this.strongETag = strongETag;
+            this.lastModified = lastModified;
+        }
+
+        private static boolean isStrongETag(@Nullable String eTag) {
+            return StringUtils.isNotBlank(eTag) && !eTag.regionMatches(true, 0, "W/", 0, 2);
+        }
+
+        String ifRange() {
+            return strongETag != null ? strongETag : Objects.requireNonNull(lastModified);
+        }
+
+        boolean canResume(HttpResponse<?> response) throws IOException {
+            if (response.statusCode() != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_PARTIAL)
+                return false;
+
+            var contentEncoding = ContentEncoding.fromHeaders(response.headers());
+            if (contentEncoding != ContentEncoding.IDENTITY)
+                return false;
+
+            long contentLength = response.headers().firstValueAsLong("content-length").orElse(-1L);
+            if (this.contentLength != contentLength + this.countUncompressed)
+                return false;
+
+            if (strongETag != null) {
+                String eTag = response.headers().firstValue("etag").orElse(null);
+                if (!strongETag.equals(eTag))
+                    return false;
+            } else {
+                if (!uri.equals(response.uri()))
+                    return false;
+
+                String lastModified = response.headers().firstValue("last-modified").orElse("");
+                if (!Objects.requireNonNull(this.lastModified).equals(lastModified))
+                    return false;
+            }
+
+            String contentRange = response.headers().firstValue("content-range").orElse("");
+            Matcher matcher = CONTENT_RANGE_PATTERN.matcher(contentRange);
+            if (!matcher.matches())
+                return false;
+
+            try {
+                long start = Long.parseLong(matcher.group(1));
+                long end = Long.parseLong(matcher.group(2));
+                long total = Long.parseLong(matcher.group(3));
+
+                if (start != countUncompressed || end < start || total != this.contentLength)
+                    return false;
+
+                return end - start + 1 == contentLength;
+            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        boolean hasPartialContent() {
+            return countUncompressed > 0 && countUncompressed < contentLength;
+        }
+    }
+
     private void download(Context context,
-                          InputStream inputStream,
+                          @Nullable FetchTask.HttpResumeContext resume, InputStream inputStream,
                           long contentLength,
                           ContentEncoding contentEncoding) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
-        try (var ignored = context;
-             var counter = new CounterInputStream(inputStream);
+        boolean success = false;
+        try (var counter = new CounterInputStream(inputStream);
              var input = contentEncoding.wrap(counter)) {
             long lastDownloaded = 0L;
             byte[] buffer = new byte[IOUtils.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE];
@@ -150,7 +248,15 @@ public abstract class FetchTask<T> extends Task<T> {
                 int len = input.read(buffer);
                 if (len == -1) break;
 
-                context.write(buffer, 0, len);
+                try {
+                    context.write(buffer, 0, len);
+                } catch (Throwable e) {
+                    context.broken = true;
+                    throw e;
+                }
+
+                if (resume != null)
+                    resume.countUncompressed += len;
 
                 if (contentLength >= 0) {
                     // Update progress information per second
@@ -169,6 +275,10 @@ public abstract class FetchTask<T> extends Task<T> {
             if (contentLength >= 0 && counter.downloaded != contentLength)
                 throw new IOException("Unexpected file size: " + counter.downloaded + ", expected: " + contentLength);
 
+            success = true;
+        }
+
+        if (success) {
             context.withResult(true);
         }
     }
@@ -185,121 +295,197 @@ public abstract class FetchTask<T> extends Task<T> {
             }
         }
 
+        Context context = null;
+        HttpResumeContext resumeContext = null;
+
         ArrayList<Exception> exceptions = null;
 
         // If loading the cache fails, the cache should not be loaded again.
         boolean useCachedResult = true;
-        for (int retryTime = 0, retryLimit = retry; retryTime < retryLimit; retryTime++) {
-            if (isCancelled()) {
-                throw new InterruptedException();
-            }
-
-            List<URI> redirects = null;
-            try {
-                beforeDownload(uri);
-                updateProgress(0);
-
-                HttpResponse<InputStream> response;
-                String bmclapiHash;
-
-                URI currentURI = uri;
-
-                LinkedHashMap<String, String> headers = new LinkedHashMap<>();
-                headers.put("accept-encoding", "gzip");
-                if (useCachedResult && checkETag)
-                    headers.putAll(repository.injectConnection(uri));
-
-                do {
-                    HttpRequest.Builder requestBuilder = HttpRequest.newBuilder(currentURI)
-                            .timeout(Duration.ofMillis(NetworkUtils.TIME_OUT))
-                            .header("User-Agent", NetworkUtils.USER_AGENT);
-
-                    headers.forEach(requestBuilder::header);
-                    response = Holder.HTTP_CLIENT.send(requestBuilder.build(), BODY_HANDLER);
-
-                    bmclapiHash = response.headers().firstValue("x-bmclapi-hash").orElse(null);
-                    if (DigestUtils.isSha1Digest(bmclapiHash)) {
-                        Optional<Path> cache = repository.checkExistentFile(null, "SHA-1", bmclapiHash);
-                        if (cache.isPresent()) {
-                            useCachedResult(cache.get());
-                            LOG.info("Using cached file for " + NetworkUtils.dropQuery(uri));
-                            return;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    int code = response.statusCode();
-                    if (code >= 300 && code <= 308 && code != 306 && code != 304) {
-                        if (redirects == null) {
-                            redirects = new ArrayList<>();
-                        } else if (redirects.size() >= 20) {
-                            throw new IOException("Too much redirects");
-                        }
-
-                        String location = response.headers().firstValue("Location").orElse(null);
-                        if (StringUtils.isBlank(location))
-                            throw new IOException("Redirected to an empty location");
-
-                        URI target = currentURI.resolve(NetworkUtils.encodeLocation(location));
-                        redirects.add(target);
-
-                        if (!NetworkUtils.isHttpUri(target))
-                            throw new IOException("Redirected to not http URI: " + target);
-
-                        currentURI = target;
-                    } else {
-                        break;
-                    }
-                } while (true);
-
-                int responseCode = response.statusCode();
-                if (useCachedResult && responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED) {
-                    // Handle cache
-                    try {
-                        Path cache = repository.getCachedRemoteFile(currentURI, false);
-                        useCachedResult(cache);
-                        LOG.info("Using cached file for " + NetworkUtils.dropQuery(uri));
-                        return;
-                    } catch (CacheRepository.CacheExpiredException e) {
-                        LOG.info("Cache expired for " + NetworkUtils.dropQuery(uri));
-                    } catch (IOException e) {
-                        LOG.warning("Unable to use cached file, redownload " + NetworkUtils.dropQuery(uri), e);
-                        repository.removeRemoteEntry(currentURI);
-                        useCachedResult = false;
-                        // Now we must reconnect the server since 304 may result in empty content,
-                        // if we want to redownload the file, we must reconnect the server without etag settings.
-                        retryLimit++;
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                } else if (responseCode / 100 == 4) {
-                    throw new FileNotFoundException(uri.toString());
-                } else if (responseCode / 100 != 2) {
-                    throw new ResponseCodeException(uri, responseCode);
+        try {
+            for (int retryTime = 0, retryLimit = retry; retryTime < retryLimit; retryTime++) {
+                if (isCancelled()) {
+                    throw new InterruptedException();
                 }
 
-                long contentLength = response.headers().firstValueAsLong("content-length").orElse(-1L);
-                var contentEncoding = ContentEncoding.fromResponse(response);
+                List<URI> redirects = null;
+                try {
+                    beforeDownload(uri);
+                    updateProgress(0);
 
-                download(getContext(response, checkETag, bmclapiHash),
-                        response.body(),
-                        contentLength,
-                        contentEncoding);
-                return;
-            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
-                throw e;
-            } catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
-                LOG.warning("Failed to download " + uri + ", not found" + (redirects == null ? "" : ", redirects: " + redirects), ex);
-                throw toDownloadException(uri, ex, exceptions); // we will not try this URL again
-            } catch (Exception ex) {
-                if (exceptions == null)
-                    exceptions = new ArrayList<>();
+                    HttpResponse<InputStream> response;
+                    String bmclapiHash;
 
-                exceptions.add(ex);
+                    URI currentURI = uri;
 
-                LOG.warning("Failed to download " + uri + ", repeat times: " + retryTime + (redirects == null ? "" : ", redirects: " + redirects), ex);
+                    LinkedHashMap<String, String> headers = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+                    headers.put("accept-encoding", "gzip");
 
-                if (retryTime < retryLimit - 1) {
-                    // Wait for a while before retrying
-                    Thread.sleep(200);
+                    boolean resumeRequested = resumeContext != null && resumeContext.hasPartialContent();
+                    if (useCachedResult && checkETag && !resumeRequested)
+                        headers.putAll(repository.injectConnection(uri));
+                    if (resumeRequested) {
+                        headers.put("range", "bytes=" + resumeContext.countUncompressed + "-");
+                        headers.put("if-range", resumeContext.ifRange());
+                    }
+
+                    do {
+                        HttpRequest.Builder requestBuilder = HttpRequest.newBuilder(currentURI)
+                                .timeout(Duration.ofMillis(NetworkUtils.TIME_OUT))
+                                .header("User-Agent", NetworkUtils.USER_AGENT);
+                        headers.forEach(requestBuilder::header);
+                        response = Holder.HTTP_CLIENT.send(requestBuilder.build(), BODY_HANDLER);
+
+                        bmclapiHash = response.headers().firstValue("x-bmclapi-hash").orElse(null);
+                        if (DigestUtils.isSha1Digest(bmclapiHash)) {
+                            Optional<Path> cache = repository.checkExistentFile(null, "SHA-1", bmclapiHash);
+                            if (cache.isPresent()) {
+                                closeResponseBody(response);
+                                useCachedResult(cache.get());
+                                LOG.info("Using cached file for " + NetworkUtils.dropQuery(uri));
+                                return;
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        int code = response.statusCode();
+                        if (code >= 300 && code <= 308 && code != 306 && code != 304) {
+                            if (redirects == null) {
+                                redirects = new ArrayList<>();
+                            } else if (redirects.size() >= 20) {
+                                throw new IOException("Too much redirects");
+                            }
+
+                            String location = response.headers().firstValue("Location").orElse(null);
+                            if (StringUtils.isBlank(location))
+                                throw new IOException("Redirected to an empty location");
+
+                            URI target = currentURI.resolve(NetworkUtils.encodeLocation(location));
+                            redirects.add(target);
+
+                            if (!NetworkUtils.isHttpUri(target))
+                                throw new IOException("Redirected to not http URI: " + target);
+
+                            closeResponseBody(response);
+                            currentURI = target;
+                        } else {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    } while (true);
+
+                    boolean closeResponseBody = true;
+                    try {
+                        int responseCode = response.statusCode();
+                        if (resumeRequested && responseCode == 416) {
+                            resumeContext = null;
+                            discardContext(context);
+                            context = null;
+                            retryLimit++;
+                            continue;
+                        }
+
+                        if (useCachedResult && responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED) {
+                            // Handle cache
+                            try {
+                                Path cache = repository.getCachedRemoteFile(currentURI, false);
+                                useCachedResult(cache);
+                                LOG.info("Using cached file for " + NetworkUtils.dropQuery(uri));
+                                return;
+                            } catch (CacheRepository.CacheExpiredException e) {
+                                LOG.info("Cache expired for " + NetworkUtils.dropQuery(uri));
+                            } catch (IOException e) {
+                                LOG.warning("Unable to use cached file, redownload " + NetworkUtils.dropQuery(uri), e);
+                                repository.removeRemoteEntry(currentURI);
+                                useCachedResult = false;
+                                // Now we must reconnect the server since 304 may result in empty content,
+                                // if we want to redownload the file, we must reconnect the server without etag settings.
+                                retryLimit++;
+                                continue;
+                            }
+                        } else if (responseCode / 100 == 4) {
+                            throw new FileNotFoundException(uri.toString());
+                        } else if (responseCode / 100 != 2) {
+                            throw new ResponseCodeException(uri, responseCode);
+                        }
+
+                        long contentLength = response.headers().firstValueAsLong("content-length").orElse(-1L);
+                        var contentEncoding = ContentEncoding.fromHeaders(response.headers());
+
+                        if (context == null) {
+                            context = getContext(response, checkETag, bmclapiHash);
+                            resumeContext = HttpResumeContext.of(response);
+                        } else if (resumeRequested) {
+                            if (resumeContext.canResume(response)) {
+                                // Resume download
+                                LOG.info("Resuming " + resumeContext.uri + " from " + resumeContext.countUncompressed);
+                            } else {
+                                // Failed to resume download, so we will retry from the beginning
+                                resumeContext = null;
+                                discardContext(context);
+                                context = null;
+                                retryLimit++;
+                                continue;
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            discardContext(context);
+                            context = getContext(response, checkETag, bmclapiHash);
+                            resumeContext = HttpResumeContext.of(response);
+                        }
+
+                        try {
+                            closeResponseBody = false;
+                            download(context,
+                                    resumeContext, response.body(),
+                                    contentLength,
+                                    contentEncoding);
+                        } catch (IOException | InterruptedException | RuntimeException | Error e) {
+                            if (context.broken) {
+                                IOUtils.closeQuietly(context, e);
+                                context = null;
+                                resumeContext = null;
+                            }
+                            throw e;
+                        }
+                        try {
+                            context.close();
+                        } catch (IOException | RuntimeException | Error e) {
+                            context.withResult(false);
+                            IOUtils.closeQuietly(context, e);
+                            context = null;
+                            resumeContext = null;
+                            throw e;
+                        }
+                        context = null;
+                        return;
+                    } finally {
+                        if (closeResponseBody) {
+                            closeResponseBody(response);
+                        }
+                    }
+                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                    throw e;
+                } catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
+                    LOG.warning("Failed to download " + uri + ", not found" + (redirects == null ? "" : ", redirects: " + redirects), ex);
+                    throw toDownloadException(uri, ex, exceptions); // we will not try this URL again
+                } catch (Exception ex) {
+                    if (exceptions == null)
+                        exceptions = new ArrayList<>();
+
+                    exceptions.add(ex);
+
+                    LOG.warning("Failed to download " + uri + ", repeat times: " + retryTime + (redirects == null ? "" : ", redirects: " + redirects), ex);
+
+                    if (retryTime < retryLimit - 1) {
+                        // Wait for a while before retrying
+                        Thread.sleep(200);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            if (context != null) {
+                try {
+                    context.close();
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    LOG.warning("Failed to close context for " + NetworkUtils.dropQuery(uri), e);
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -307,6 +493,19 @@ public abstract class FetchTask<T> extends Task<T> {
         throw toDownloadException(uri, null, exceptions);
     }
 
+    private static void closeResponseBody(HttpResponse<InputStream> response) {
+        InputStream body = response.body();
+        if (body != null)
+            IOUtils.closeQuietly(body);
+    }
+
+    private static void discardContext(@Nullable Context context) {
+        if (context != null) {
+            context.withResult(false);
+            IOUtils.closeQuietly(context);
+        }
+    }
+
     private void downloadNotHttp(URI uri) throws DownloadException, InterruptedException {
         ArrayList<Exception> exceptions = null;
         for (int retryTime = 0; retryTime < retry; retryTime++) {
@@ -319,10 +518,12 @@ public abstract class FetchTask<T> extends Task<T> {
                 updateProgress(0);
 
                 URLConnection conn = NetworkUtils.createConnection(uri);
-                download(getContext(),
-                        conn.getInputStream(),
-                        conn.getContentLengthLong(),
-                        ContentEncoding.fromConnection(conn));
+                try (Context context = getContext()) {
+                    download(context,
+                            null, conn.getInputStream(),
+                            conn.getContentLengthLong(),
+                            ContentEncoding.fromConnection(conn));
+                }
                 return;
             } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                 throw e;
@@ -425,16 +626,22 @@ public abstract class FetchTask<T> extends Task<T> {
 
     protected static abstract class Context implements Closeable {
         private boolean success;
+        private boolean broken;
 
-        public abstract void write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int len) throws IOException;
+        protected final boolean isSuccess() {
+            return success;
+        }
 
         public void withResult(boolean success) {
             this.success = success;
         }
 
-        protected boolean isSuccess() {
-            return success;
-        }
+        public abstract void reset() throws IOException;
+
+        public abstract void write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int len) throws IOException;
+
+        @Override
+        public abstract void close() throws IOException;
     }
 
     protected enum EnumCheckETag {

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/task/FileDownloadTask.java

@@ -22,15 +22,20 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.ChecksumMismatchException;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.CompressingUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.UrlResponseInfo;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.net.URI;
 import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
 import java.nio.file.FileSystem;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
 import java.security.MessageDigest;
 import java.util.*;
 
@@ -44,10 +49,7 @@ import static org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.logging.Logger.LOG;
  */
 public class FileDownloadTask extends FetchTask<Void> {
 
-    public static class IntegrityCheck {
-        private final String algorithm;
-        private final String checksum;
-
+    public record IntegrityCheck(String algorithm, String checksum) {
         public IntegrityCheck(String algorithm, String checksum) {
             this.algorithm = requireNonNull(algorithm);
             this.checksum = requireNonNull(checksum);
@@ -58,16 +60,8 @@ public class FileDownloadTask extends FetchTask<Void> {
             else return new IntegrityCheck(algorithm, checksum);
         }
 
-        public String getAlgorithm() {
-            return algorithm;
-        }
-
-        public String getChecksum() {
-            return checksum;
-        }
-
         @Override
-        public String toString() {
+        public @NotNull String toString() {
             return String.format("IntegrityCheck[algorithm='%s', checksum='%s']", algorithm, checksum);
         }
     }
@@ -158,7 +152,7 @@ public class FileDownloadTask extends FetchTask<Void> {
     protected EnumCheckETag shouldCheckETag() {
         // Check cache
         if (integrityCheck != null && caching) {
-            Optional<Path> cache = repository.checkExistentFile(candidate, integrityCheck.getAlgorithm(), integrityCheck.getChecksum());
+            Optional<Path> cache = repository.checkExistentFile(candidate, integrityCheck.algorithm(), integrityCheck.checksum());
             if (cache.isPresent()) {
                 try {
                     FileUtils.copyFile(cache.get(), file);
@@ -185,14 +179,14 @@ public class FileDownloadTask extends FetchTask<Void> {
     }
 
     @Override
-    protected Context getContext(HttpResponse<?> response, boolean checkETag, String bmclapiHash) throws IOException {
+    protected Context getContext(@Nullable HttpResponse<?> response, boolean checkETag, String bmclapiHash) throws IOException {
         Path temp = Files.createTempFile(null, null);
 
         String algorithm;
         String checksum;
         if (integrityCheck != null) {
-            algorithm = integrityCheck.getAlgorithm();
-            checksum = integrityCheck.getChecksum();
+            algorithm = integrityCheck.algorithm();
+            checksum = integrityCheck.checksum();
         } else if (bmclapiHash != null && DigestUtils.isSha1Digest(bmclapiHash)) {
             algorithm = "SHA-1";
             checksum = bmclapiHash;
@@ -203,15 +197,32 @@ public class FileDownloadTask extends FetchTask<Void> {
 
         MessageDigest digest = algorithm != null ? DigestUtils.getDigest(algorithm) : null;
 
-        OutputStream fileOutput = Files.newOutputStream(temp);
+        FileChannel fileOutput = FileChannel.open(temp,
+                StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
+                StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING,
+                StandardOpenOption.CREATE);
         return new Context() {
+            @Override
+            public void reset() throws IOException {
+                if (digest != null) {
+                    digest.reset();
+                }
+
+                fileOutput.truncate(0L);
+                fileOutput.position(0L);
+            }
+
             @Override
             public void write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int len) throws IOException {
                 if (digest != null) {
                     digest.update(buffer, offset, len);
                 }
 
-                fileOutput.write(buffer, offset, len);
+                ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(buffer, offset, len);
+                while (byteBuffer.hasRemaining()) {
+                    //noinspection ResultOfMethodCallIgnored
+                    fileOutput.write(byteBuffer);
+                }
             }
 
             @Override
@@ -220,47 +231,60 @@ public class FileDownloadTask extends FetchTask<Void> {
                     fileOutput.close();
                 } catch (IOException e) {
                     LOG.warning("Failed to close file: " + temp, e);
+                    deleteTempFile();
+                    throw e;
                 }
 
                 if (!isSuccess()) {
-                    try {
-                        Files.deleteIfExists(temp);
-                    } catch (IOException e) {
-                        LOG.warning("Failed to delete file: " + temp, e);
-                    }
+                    deleteTempFile();
                     return;
                 }
 
-                for (IntegrityCheckHandler handler : integrityCheckHandlers) {
-                    handler.checkIntegrity(temp, file);
-                }
-
-                Files.createDirectories(file.toAbsolutePath().getParent());
-
+                boolean moved = false;
                 try {
-                    Files.move(temp, file, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
-                } catch (Exception e) {
-                    throw new IOException("Unable to move temp file from " + temp + " to " + file, e);
-                }
-
-                // Integrity check
-                if (checksum != null) {
-                    String actualChecksum = HexFormat.of().formatHex(digest.digest());
-                    if (!checksum.equalsIgnoreCase(actualChecksum)) {
-                        throw new ChecksumMismatchException(algorithm, checksum, actualChecksum);
+                    for (IntegrityCheckHandler handler : integrityCheckHandlers) {
+                        handler.checkIntegrity(temp, file);
                     }
-                }
 
-                if (caching && algorithm != null) {
+                    if (checksum != null) {
+                        String actualChecksum = HexFormat.of().formatHex(digest.digest());
+                        if (!checksum.equalsIgnoreCase(actualChecksum)) {
+                            throw new ChecksumMismatchException(algorithm, checksum, actualChecksum);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    Files.createDirectories(file.toAbsolutePath().getParent());
+
                     try {
-                        repository.cacheFile(file, algorithm, checksum);
-                    } catch (IOException e) {
-                        LOG.warning("Failed to cache file", e);
+                        Files.move(temp, file, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
+                        moved = true;
+                    } catch (Exception e) {
+                        throw new IOException("Unable to move temp file from " + temp + " to " + file, e);
+                    }
+
+                    if (caching && algorithm != null) {
+                        try {
+                            repository.cacheFile(file, algorithm, checksum);
+                        } catch (IOException e) {
+                            LOG.warning("Failed to cache file", e);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if (checkETag) {
+                        repository.cacheRemoteFile(UrlResponseInfo.of(response), file);
+                    }
+                } finally {
+                    if (!moved) {
+                        deleteTempFile();
                     }
                 }
+            }
 
-                if (checkETag) {
-                    repository.cacheRemoteFile(response, file);
+            private void deleteTempFile() {
+                try {
+                    Files.deleteIfExists(temp);
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    LOG.warning("Failed to delete file: " + temp, e);
                 }
             }
         };

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/task/GetTask.java

@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ package org.jackhuang.hmcl.task;
 import com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.UrlResponseInfo;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -61,13 +63,18 @@ public final class GetTask extends FetchTask<String> {
     }
 
     @Override
-    protected Context getContext(HttpResponse<?> response, boolean checkETag, String bmclapiHash) {
+    protected Context getContext(@Nullable HttpResponse<?> response, boolean checkETag, String bmclapiHash) {
         long length = -1;
         if (response != null)
             length = response.headers().firstValueAsLong("content-length").orElse(-1L);
         final var baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(length <= 0 ? 8192 : (int) length);
 
         return new Context() {
+            @Override
+            public void reset() throws IOException {
+                baos.reset();
+            }
+
             @Override
             public void write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int len) {
                 baos.write(buffer, offset, len);
@@ -85,7 +92,7 @@ public final class GetTask extends FetchTask<String> {
                 setResult(result);
 
                 if (checkETag) {
-                    repository.cacheText(response, result);
+                    repository.cacheText(UrlResponseInfo.of(response), result);
                 }
             }
         };

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/util/CacheRepository.java

@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.function.ExceptionalSupplier;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.gson.JsonUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.FileUtils;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.UrlResponseInfo;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import java.io.*;
 import java.net.URI;
 import java.net.http.HttpRequest;
-import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
 import java.nio.channels.Channels;
 import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.FileLock;
@@ -228,20 +228,20 @@ public class CacheRepository {
         //     conn.setRequestProperty("If-Modified-Since", eTagItem.getRemoteLastModified());
     }
 
-    public Path cacheRemoteFile(HttpResponse<?> response, Path downloaded) throws IOException {
-        return cacheData(response, () -> {
+    public Path cacheRemoteFile(UrlResponseInfo info, Path downloaded) throws IOException {
+        return cacheData(info, () -> {
             String hash = DigestUtils.digestToString(SHA1, downloaded);
             Path cached = cacheFile(downloaded, SHA1, hash);
             return new CacheResult(hash, cached);
         });
     }
 
-    public Path cacheText(HttpResponse<?> response, String text) throws IOException {
-        return cacheBytes(response, text.getBytes(UTF_8));
+    public Path cacheText(UrlResponseInfo info, String text) throws IOException {
+        return cacheBytes(info, text.getBytes(UTF_8));
     }
 
-    public Path cacheBytes(HttpResponse<?> response, byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
-        return cacheData(response, () -> {
+    public Path cacheBytes(UrlResponseInfo info, byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
+        return cacheData(info, () -> {
             String hash = DigestUtils.digestToString(SHA1, bytes);
             Path cached = getFile(SHA1, hash);
             Files.createDirectories(cached.getParent());
@@ -252,15 +252,15 @@ public class CacheRepository {
 
     private static final Pattern MAX_AGE = Pattern.compile("(s-maxage|max-age)=(?<time>[0-9]+)");
 
-    private Path cacheData(HttpResponse<?> response, ExceptionalSupplier<CacheResult, IOException> cacheSupplier) throws IOException {
-        String eTag = response.headers().firstValue("etag").orElse(null);
+    private Path cacheData(UrlResponseInfo info, ExceptionalSupplier<CacheResult, IOException> cacheSupplier) throws IOException {
+        String eTag = info.headers().firstValue("etag").orElse(null);
         if (StringUtils.isBlank(eTag)) return null;
-        URI uri = NetworkUtils.dropQuery(response.uri());
+        URI uri = NetworkUtils.dropQuery(info.uri());
         long expires = 0L;
 
         expires:
         try {
-            String cacheControl = response.headers().firstValue("cache-control").orElse(null);
+            String cacheControl = info.headers().firstValue("cache-control").orElse(null);
             if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(cacheControl)) {
                 if (cacheControl.contains("no-store"))
                     return null;
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ public class CacheRepository {
                 }
             }
 
-            String expiresHeader = response.headers().firstValue("expires").orElse(null);
+            String expiresHeader = info.headers().firstValue("expires").orElse(null);
             if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(expiresHeader)) {
                 expires = ZonedDateTime.parse(expiresHeader.trim(), DateTimeFormatter.RFC_1123_DATE_TIME)
                         .toInstant().toEpochMilli();
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ public class CacheRepository {
             LOG.warning("Failed to parse expires time", e);
         }
 
-        String lastModified = response.headers().firstValue("last-modified").orElse(null);
+        String lastModified = info.headers().firstValue("last-modified").orElse(null);
 
         CacheResult cacheResult = cacheSupplier.get();
         ETagItem eTagItem = new ETagItem(uri.toString(),

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/util/ZlibUtils.java

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2026 huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.util;
+
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNullByDefault;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.zip.Deflater;
+
+/// Utilities for detecting the compatibility of the system's zlib implementation.
+///
+/// Some systems replace the JVM's default zlib with an alternative such as zlib-ng,
+/// which may produce compressed output that differs byte-for-byte from the output of
+/// the standard zlib. This can cause hash mismatches when verifying artifacts whose
+/// expected checksums were computed with a specific zlib implementation.
+///
+/// @author Glavo
+@NotNullByDefault
+public final class ZlibUtils {
+
+    /// Whether the JVM's [Deflater] produces output that is byte-for-byte identical
+    /// to the expected output of the standard reference zlib for a known test vector.
+    ///
+    /// This flag is `true` when the system's zlib behaves like the standard reference
+    /// implementation, and `false` when an alternative library such as zlib-ng is in
+    /// use and may produce different compressed bytes.
+    ///
+    /// When this flag is `false`, hash verification for dynamically generated JAR
+    /// files (e.g., those produced by the Forge/NeoForge installer processors) may
+    /// be relaxed to a structural integrity check rather than an exact hash match,
+    /// because the alternative zlib may legitimately produce files with different
+    /// checksums.
+    public static final boolean IS_ZLIB_COMPATIBLE;
+
+    static {
+        var expectedCompressed = new byte[]{120, -100, 99, 96, 0, 2, 0, 0, 5, 0, 1};
+        byte[] compressed = new byte[64];
+        int compressedLength = 0;
+
+        var deflater = new Deflater();
+        try {
+            deflater.setInput(new byte[5]);
+            deflater.finish();
+
+            while (!deflater.finished()) {
+                compressedLength += deflater.deflate(compressed, compressedLength, compressed.length - compressedLength);
+            }
+        } finally {
+            deflater.end();
+        }
+
+        IS_ZLIB_COMPATIBLE = Arrays.equals(
+                expectedCompressed,
+                0, expectedCompressed.length,
+                compressed,
+                0, compressedLength
+        );
+    }
+
+    private ZlibUtils() {
+    }
+}

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/util/io/ContentEncoding.java

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.net.URLConnection;
-import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
+import java.net.http.HttpHeaders;
 import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;
 
 /**
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ public enum ContentEncoding {
         }
     }
 
-    public static @NotNull ContentEncoding fromResponse(HttpResponse<?> connection) throws IOException {
-        String encoding = connection.headers().firstValue("content-encoding").orElse("");
+    public static @NotNull ContentEncoding fromHeaders(HttpHeaders headers) throws IOException {
+        String encoding = headers.firstValue("content-encoding").orElse("");
         if (encoding.isEmpty() || "identity".equals(encoding)) {
             return IDENTITY;
         } else if ("gzip".equalsIgnoreCase(encoding)) {

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/util/io/NetworkUtils.java

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
  */
 package org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io;
 
+import org.glavo.url.WebURL;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.Pair;
 import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.StringUtils;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
@@ -159,10 +160,10 @@ public final class NetworkUtils {
         }
     }
 
-    public static URLConnection createConnection(URI uri) throws IOException {
+    public static URLConnection createConnection(WebURL url) throws IOException {
         URLConnection connection;
         try {
-            connection = uri.toURL().openConnection();
+            connection = url.toURL().openConnection();
         } catch (IllegalArgumentException | MalformedURLException e) {
             throw new IOException(e);
         }
@@ -176,8 +177,16 @@ public final class NetworkUtils {
         return connection;
     }
 
+    public static URLConnection createConnection(URI uri) throws IOException {
+        return createConnection(WebURL.of(uri));
+    }
+
+    public static HttpURLConnection createHttpConnection(WebURL url) throws IOException {
+        return (HttpURLConnection) createConnection(url);
+    }
+
     public static HttpURLConnection createHttpConnection(String url) throws IOException {
-        return (HttpURLConnection) createConnection(toURI(url));
+        return (HttpURLConnection) createConnection(WebURL.parse(url));
     }
 
     public static HttpURLConnection createHttpConnection(URI url) throws IOException {
@@ -433,16 +442,7 @@ public final class NetworkUtils {
 
     /// @throws IllegalArgumentException if the string is not a valid URI
     public static @NotNull URI toURI(@NotNull String uri) {
-        try {
-            return new URI(encodeLocation(uri));
-        } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
-            // Possibly an Internationalized Domain Name (IDN)
-            return URI.create(uri);
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static @NotNull URI toURI(@NotNull URL url) {
-        return toURI(url.toExternalForm());
+        return WebURL.toURI(uri);
     }
 
     public static @Nullable URI toURIOrNull(String uri) {

HMCLCore/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/util/io/UrlResponseInfo.java

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io;
+
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.http.HttpHeaders;
+import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
+
+/// @author Glavo
+public record UrlResponseInfo(URI uri, HttpHeaders headers) {
+    public static UrlResponseInfo of(HttpResponse<?> httpResponse) {
+        return new UrlResponseInfo(httpResponse.uri(), httpResponse.headers());
+    }
+
+    public static UrlResponseInfo of(URI uri, HttpResponse.ResponseInfo info) {
+        return new UrlResponseInfo(uri, info.headers());
+    }
+}

HMCLCore/src/test/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/task/FetchTaskTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2026  huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.task;
+
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.CacheRepository;
+import org.jackhuang.hmcl.util.io.NetworkUtils;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNullByDefault;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+/// Tests HTTP download retry and resume behavior.
+@NotNullByDefault
+public final class FetchTaskTest {
+    /// Marks HTTP client dependencies as initialized for isolated unit tests.
+    @org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll
+    public static void notifyFetchTaskInitialized() {
+        FetchTask.notifyInitialized();
+    }
+
+    /// Ensures checksum failures are reported and do not replace an existing target file.
+    @Test
+    public void checksumMismatchFailsWithoutReplacingTarget(@TempDir Path tempDir) throws IOException {
+        byte[] data = "downloaded".getBytes(UTF_8);
+        Path target = tempDir.resolve("target.bin");
+        Files.writeString(target, "original", UTF_8);
+
+        try (TestHttpServer server = TestHttpServer.start(exchange -> sendBytes(exchange, 200, data))) {
+            FileDownloadTask task = new FileDownloadTask(
+                    server.uri(),
+                    target,
+                    new FileDownloadTask.IntegrityCheck("SHA-1", "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000")
+            );
+            task.setCacheRepository(newRepository(tempDir));
+            task.setRetry(1);
+
+            assertFalse(task.test());
+            assertEquals("original", Files.readString(target, UTF_8));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Ensures a mismatched Content-Range response is rejected before appending bytes.
+    @Test
+    public void invalidContentRangeFallsBackToFullDownload(@TempDir Path tempDir) throws IOException {
+        byte[] data = "abcdefghij".getBytes(UTF_8);
+        byte[] wrongRangeData = "defghi".getBytes(UTF_8);
+        AtomicInteger requestCount = new AtomicInteger();
+        List<@Nullable String> ranges = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        try (TestHttpServer server = TestHttpServer.start(exchange -> {
+            ranges.add(exchange.getRequestHeaders().getFirst("Range"));
+            exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Accept-Ranges", "bytes");
+            exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Last-Modified", "Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT");
+
+            switch (requestCount.incrementAndGet()) {
+                case 1 -> {
+                    exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, data.length);
+                    exchange.getResponseBody().write(data, 0, 4);
+                    exchange.getResponseBody().flush();
+                    exchange.close();
+                }
+                case 2 -> {
+                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Content-Range", "bytes 3-8/10");
+                    sendBytes(exchange, 206, wrongRangeData);
+                }
+                default -> sendBytes(exchange, 200, data);
+            }
+        })) {
+            Path target = tempDir.resolve("target.bin");
+            FileDownloadTask task = new FileDownloadTask(server.uri(), target);
+            task.setCacheRepository(newRepository(tempDir));
+            task.setRetry(3);
+
+            assertTrue(task.test(), () -> requestCount.get() + ": " + task.getException());
+            assertArrayEquals(data, Files.readAllBytes(target));
+            assertEquals(Arrays.asList(null, "bytes=4-", null), ranges);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Ensures a valid Content-Range response is appended without a full redownload.
+    @Test
+    public void validContentRangeCompletesResume(@TempDir Path tempDir) throws IOException {
+        byte[] data = "abcdefghij".getBytes(UTF_8);
+        byte[] resumedData = "efghij".getBytes(UTF_8);
+        AtomicInteger requestCount = new AtomicInteger();
+        List<@Nullable String> ranges = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<@Nullable String> ifRanges = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        try (TestHttpServer server = TestHttpServer.start(exchange -> {
+            ranges.add(exchange.getRequestHeaders().getFirst("Range"));
+            ifRanges.add(exchange.getRequestHeaders().getFirst("If-Range"));
+            exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Accept-Ranges", "bytes");
+            exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Last-Modified", "Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT");
+
+            switch (requestCount.incrementAndGet()) {
+                case 1 -> {
+                    exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, data.length);
+                    exchange.getResponseBody().write(data, 0, 4);
+                    exchange.getResponseBody().flush();
+                    exchange.close();
+                }
+                case 2 -> {
+                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Content-Range", "bytes 4-9/10");
+                    sendBytes(exchange, 206, resumedData);
+                }
+                default -> fail("Unexpected full redownload request");
+            }
+        })) {
+            Path target = tempDir.resolve("target.bin");
+            FileDownloadTask task = new FileDownloadTask(server.uri(), target);
+            task.setCacheRepository(newRepository(tempDir));
+            task.setRetry(3);
+
+            assertTrue(task.test(), () -> requestCount.get() + ": " + task.getException());
+            assertArrayEquals(data, Files.readAllBytes(target));
+            assertEquals(Arrays.asList(null, "bytes=4-"), ranges);
+            assertEquals(Arrays.asList(null, "Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT"), ifRanges);
+            assertEquals(2, requestCount.get());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Ensures a changed strong ETag prevents appending a partial response.
+    @Test
+    public void changedStrongETagFallsBackToFullDownload(@TempDir Path tempDir) throws IOException {
+        byte[] data = "abcdefghij".getBytes(UTF_8);
+        byte[] resumedData = "efghij".getBytes(UTF_8);
+        AtomicInteger requestCount = new AtomicInteger();
+        List<@Nullable String> ranges = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<@Nullable String> ifRanges = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        try (TestHttpServer server = TestHttpServer.start(exchange -> {
+            ranges.add(exchange.getRequestHeaders().getFirst("Range"));
+            ifRanges.add(exchange.getRequestHeaders().getFirst("If-Range"));
+            exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Accept-Ranges", "bytes");
+            exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Last-Modified", "Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT");
+
+            switch (requestCount.incrementAndGet()) {
+                case 1 -> {
+                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("ETag", "\"first\"");
+                    exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, data.length);
+                    exchange.getResponseBody().write(data, 0, 4);
+                    exchange.getResponseBody().flush();
+                    exchange.close();
+                }
+                case 2 -> {
+                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("ETag", "\"second\"");
+                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Content-Range", "bytes 4-9/10");
+                    sendBytes(exchange, 206, resumedData);
+                }
+                default -> {
+                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("ETag", "\"second\"");
+                    sendBytes(exchange, 200, data);
+                }
+            }
+        })) {
+            Path target = tempDir.resolve("target.bin");
+            FileDownloadTask task = new FileDownloadTask(server.uri(), target);
+            task.setCacheRepository(newRepository(tempDir));
+            task.setRetry(3);
+
+            assertTrue(task.test(), () -> String.valueOf(task.getException()));
+            assertArrayEquals(data, Files.readAllBytes(target));
+            assertEquals(Arrays.asList(null, "bytes=4-", null), ranges);
+            assertEquals(Arrays.asList(null, "\"first\"", null), ifRanges);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Ensures a full retry uses the latest response metadata instead of stale headers.
+    @Test
+    public void fullRetryUsesLatestResponseMetadata(@TempDir Path tempDir) throws IOException {
+        byte[] data = "ok".getBytes(UTF_8);
+        byte[] firstData = "abcdefghij".getBytes(UTF_8);
+        byte[] wrongRangeData = "defghi".getBytes(UTF_8);
+        AtomicInteger requestCount = new AtomicInteger();
+
+        try (TestHttpServer server = TestHttpServer.start(exchange -> {
+            switch (requestCount.incrementAndGet()) {
+                case 1 -> {
+                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=UTF-16LE");
+                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Accept-Ranges", "bytes");
+                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Last-Modified", "Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT");
+                    exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, firstData.length);
+                    exchange.getResponseBody().write(firstData, 0, 4);
+                    exchange.getResponseBody().flush();
+                    exchange.close();
+                }
+                case 2 -> {
+                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Accept-Ranges", "bytes");
+                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Last-Modified", "Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT");
+                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Content-Range", "bytes 3-8/10");
+                    sendBytes(exchange, 206, wrongRangeData);
+                }
+                default -> {
+                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().set("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=UTF-8");
+                    sendBytes(exchange, 200, data);
+                }
+            }
+        })) {
+            TextFetchTask task = new TextFetchTask(server.uri());
+            task.setCacheRepository(newRepository(tempDir));
+            task.setRetry(2);
+
+            assertTrue(task.test(), () -> requestCount.get() + ": " + task.getException());
+            assertEquals("ok", task.getResult());
+            assertEquals(3, requestCount.get());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Text fetch task that avoids JavaFX progress updates in isolated unit tests.
+    private static final class TextFetchTask extends FetchTask<String> {
+        /// Creates a text fetch task for one URI.
+        TextFetchTask(URI uri) {
+            super(List.of(uri));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void useCachedResult(Path cachedFile) throws IOException {
+            setResult(Files.readString(cachedFile));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected EnumCheckETag shouldCheckETag() {
+            return EnumCheckETag.NOT_CHECK_E_TAG;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Context getContext(@Nullable HttpResponse<?> response, boolean checkETag, String bmclapiHash) {
+            Charset charset = NetworkUtils.getCharsetFromContentType(response == null
+                    ? null
+                    : response.headers().firstValue("content-type").orElse(null));
+            ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+
+            return new Context() {
+                @Override
+                public void reset() {
+                    baos.reset();
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public void write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int len) {
+                    baos.write(buffer, offset, len);
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public void close() {
+                    if (isSuccess()) {
+                        setResult(baos.toString(charset));
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void updateProgress(long count, long total) {
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void updateProgress(double progress) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Creates an isolated cache repository for one test.
+    private static CacheRepository newRepository(Path tempDir) throws IOException {
+        CacheRepository repository = new CacheRepository();
+        repository.changeDirectory(Files.createDirectory(tempDir.resolve("common")));
+        return repository;
+    }
+
+    /// Sends a byte array response.
+    private static void sendBytes(HttpExchange exchange, int statusCode, byte[] data) throws IOException {
+        exchange.sendResponseHeaders(statusCode, data.length);
+        exchange.getResponseBody().write(data);
+        exchange.close();
+    }
+
+    /// Minimal closeable HTTP server for local download tests.
+    private record TestHttpServer(HttpServer server) implements AutoCloseable {
+        /// Starts a server with one file endpoint.
+        static TestHttpServer start(ThrowingHttpHandler handler) throws IOException {
+            HttpServer server = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 0), 0);
+            server.createContext("/file", handler::handle);
+            server.start();
+            return new TestHttpServer(server);
+        }
+
+        /// Returns the file endpoint URI.
+        URI uri() {
+            return URI.create("http://127.0.0.1:" + server.getAddress().getPort() + "/file");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() {
+            server.stop(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// HTTP handler that may throw IOException.
+    @FunctionalInterface
+    private interface ThrowingHttpHandler {
+        /// Handles one HTTP exchange.
+        void handle(HttpExchange exchange) throws IOException;
+    }
+}

buildSrc/build.gradle.kts

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ dependencies {
     implementation(libs.gson)
     implementation(libs.jna)
     implementation(libs.kala.compress.tar)
+    implementation(libs.kala.compress.ar)
 }
 
 java {

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/gradle/pack/CreateDeb.java

@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2026 huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.pack;
+
+import kala.compress.archivers.ar.ArArchiveEntry;
+import kala.compress.archivers.ar.ArArchiveOutputStream;
+import kala.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveEntry;
+import kala.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveOutputStream;
+import org.gradle.api.DefaultTask;
+import org.gradle.api.file.RegularFileProperty;
+import org.gradle.api.logging.Logger;
+import org.gradle.api.logging.Logging;
+import org.gradle.api.provider.Property;
+import org.gradle.api.tasks.Input;
+import org.gradle.api.tasks.InputFile;
+import org.gradle.api.tasks.OutputFile;
+import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskAction;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream;
+
+/// Creates a Debian package for the current HMCL channel.
+///
+/// ## Package layout
+///
+/// The generated `data.tar.gz` contains four installed artifacts:
+///
+/// - the bundled HMCL shell launcher under `/usr/share/java/hmcl/`
+/// - a channel-specific command under `/usr/bin/`
+/// - a desktop entry under `/usr/share/applications/`
+/// - the HMCL icon under `/usr/share/icons/hicolor/256x256/apps/`
+///
+/// ## Channel commands and aliases
+///
+/// Every package installs a channel-specific executable such as `hmcl-stable`
+/// or `hmcl-beta`. The generic `hmcl` command is intentionally not shipped as a
+/// plain file. Instead, maintainer scripts register the channel command into
+/// the shared `hmcl` alternatives group so multiple channel packages can
+/// coexist without file conflicts.
+///
+/// @author Glavo
+public abstract class CreateDeb extends DefaultTask {
+    public static final Logger LOGGER = Logging.getLogger(CreateDeb.class);
+
+    private static final int DIRECTORY_MODE = 0755;
+    private static final int EXECUTABLE_MODE = 0755;
+    private static final int REGULAR_FILE_MODE = 0644;
+
+    /// Debian version written into the `control` file and output filename.
+    @Input
+    public abstract Property<String> getVersion();
+
+    /// Release type metadata that controls package name, launcher name, and alias priority.
+    @Input
+    public abstract Property<ReleaseType> getReleaseType();
+
+    /// Executable `.sh` artifact produced by `makeExecutables`.
+    @InputFile
+    public abstract RegularFileProperty getAppShFile();
+
+    /// Desktop icon installed into the hicolor icon theme.
+    @InputFile
+    public abstract RegularFileProperty getIconFile();
+
+    /// Final `.deb` archive written by this task.
+    @OutputFile
+    public abstract RegularFileProperty getOutputFile();
+
+    private ReleaseType getCurrentType() {
+        return getReleaseType().get();
+    }
+
+    private String getCurrentTypeName() {
+        return getCurrentType().getName();
+    }
+
+    private String getLauncherPath() {
+        return "/usr/bin/hmcl-" + getCurrentTypeName();
+    }
+
+    private String getTargetPath() {
+        return "/usr/share/java/hmcl/" + getAppShFile().getAsFile().get().getName();
+    }
+
+    private String getDesktopFilePath() {
+        return "/usr/share/applications/hmcl-%s.desktop".formatted(getCurrentTypeName());
+    }
+
+    private String getIconTargetPath() {
+        return "/usr/share/icons/hicolor/256x256/apps/hmcl-%s.png".formatted(getCurrentTypeName());
+    }
+
+    /// Ensures parent directories exist in the tar stream before child entries are written.
+    private static void makeDirectories(Set<String> directories, TarArchiveOutputStream output, String dirName) throws IOException {
+        if (dirName.isEmpty() || ".".equals(dirName) || directories.contains(dirName))
+            return;
+
+        int idx = dirName.lastIndexOf('/');
+        if (idx > 0) {
+            makeDirectories(directories, output, dirName.substring(0, idx));
+        }
+
+        TarArchiveEntry entry = new TarArchiveEntry(dirName + "/", true);
+        entry.setMode(DIRECTORY_MODE);
+        output.putArchiveEntry(entry);
+        output.closeArchiveEntry();
+        directories.add(dirName);
+    }
+
+    /// Writes UTF-8 text content as a tar entry with the requested file mode.
+    private static void putEntry(Set<String> directories, TarArchiveOutputStream output, String name, String content, int mode) throws IOException {
+        putEntry(directories, output, name, content.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), mode);
+    }
+
+    /// Writes binary content as a tar entry and creates parent directories on demand.
+    private static void putEntry(Set<String> directories, TarArchiveOutputStream output, String name, byte[] content, int mode) throws IOException {
+        int idx = name.lastIndexOf('/');
+        if (idx > 0) {
+            makeDirectories(directories, output, name.substring(0, idx));
+        }
+
+        TarArchiveEntry entry = new TarArchiveEntry(name);
+        entry.setMode(mode);
+        entry.setSize(content.length);
+        output.putArchiveEntry(entry);
+        output.write(content);
+        output.closeArchiveEntry();
+    }
+
+    /// Builds a valid `.deb` archive with `debian-binary`, `control.tar.gz`, and `data.tar.gz`.
+    @TaskAction
+    public void run() throws IOException {
+        Path appShFile = getAppShFile().getAsFile().get().toPath();
+        if (!Files.isRegularFile(appShFile))
+            throw new IOException("Invalid app script file: " + appShFile);
+
+        Path iconFile = getIconFile().getAsFile().get().toPath();
+        if (!Files.isRegularFile(iconFile))
+            throw new IOException("Invalid icon file: " + iconFile);
+
+        byte[] appShBytes = Files.readAllBytes(appShFile);
+        if (appShBytes.length == 0)
+            throw new IOException("Empty app script file: " + appShFile);
+
+        byte[] iconBytes = Files.readAllBytes(iconFile);
+        if (iconBytes.length == 0)
+            throw new IOException("Empty icon file: " + iconFile);
+
+        byte[] launcherScriptBytes = getLauncherScript().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        byte[] desktopInfoBytes = getDesktopInfo().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+
+        LOGGER.lifecycle("Creating control.tar.gz");
+        var controlData = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        try (var output = new TarArchiveOutputStream(new GZIPOutputStream(controlData))) {
+            output.setLongFileMode(TarArchiveOutputStream.LONGFILE_GNU);
+
+            Set<String> directories = new HashSet<>();
+            putEntry(directories, output, "./control", getControl(appShBytes.length, launcherScriptBytes.length, desktopInfoBytes.length, iconBytes.length), REGULAR_FILE_MODE);
+            putEntry(directories, output, "./postinst", getPostinst(), EXECUTABLE_MODE);
+            putEntry(directories, output, "./prerm", getPrerm(), EXECUTABLE_MODE);
+        }
+
+        Path outputFile = getOutputFile().get().getAsFile().toPath();
+        Files.createDirectories(outputFile.getParent());
+
+        LOGGER.lifecycle("Creating data.tar.gz");
+        var dataTarBuffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream(12 * 1024 * 1024);
+        try (var output = new TarArchiveOutputStream(new GZIPOutputStream(dataTarBuffer))) {
+            output.setLongFileMode(TarArchiveOutputStream.LONGFILE_GNU);
+
+            Set<String> directories = new HashSet<>();
+            putEntry(directories, output, "." + getTargetPath(), appShBytes, EXECUTABLE_MODE);
+            putEntry(directories, output, "." + getLauncherPath(), launcherScriptBytes, EXECUTABLE_MODE);
+            putEntry(directories, output, "." + getDesktopFilePath(), desktopInfoBytes, REGULAR_FILE_MODE);
+            putEntry(directories, output, "." + getIconTargetPath(), iconBytes, REGULAR_FILE_MODE);
+        }
+
+        LOGGER.lifecycle("Creating deb file");
+        try (var output = new ArArchiveOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(outputFile,
+                StandardOpenOption.WRITE, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING, StandardOpenOption.CREATE))) {
+            putArEntry(output, "debian-binary", "2.0\n".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+            putArEntry(output, "control.tar.gz", controlData.toByteArray());
+            putArEntry(output, "data.tar.gz", dataTarBuffer.toByteArray());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Adds one member to the outer ar container used by Debian packages.
+    private static void putArEntry(ArArchiveOutputStream output, String name, byte[] content) throws IOException {
+        ArArchiveEntry entry = new ArArchiveEntry(name, content.length);
+        output.putArchiveEntry(entry);
+        output.write(content);
+        output.closeArchiveEntry();
+    }
+
+    /// Generates the package metadata file.
+    ///
+    /// `Depends` is deliberately omitted so the package stays policy-light and
+    /// leaves runtime dependency resolution to the target environment.
+    private String getControl(long appSize, long launcherScriptSize, long desktopInfoSize, long iconSize) {
+        long installedSize = (appSize + launcherScriptSize + desktopInfoSize + iconSize + 1023) / 1024;
+
+        return """
+                Package: %s
+                Version: %s
+                Section: games
+                Priority: optional
+                Architecture: all
+                Installed-Size: %d
+                Maintainer: Glavo <zjx001202@gmail.com>
+                Description: Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+                Homepage: https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL
+                """.formatted(getCurrentType().getPackageName(), getVersion().get(), Math.max(installedSize, 1)) + "\n";
+    }
+
+    private static final String COMMON_LAUNCHER_PATH = "/usr/bin/hmcl";
+
+    /// Registers the channel command into the shared `hmcl` alternatives group.
+    private String getPostinst() {
+        return """
+                #!/bin/sh
+                set -e
+                
+                if [ "$1" = configure ]; then
+                    update-alternatives --install %s hmcl %s %d
+                fi
+                """.formatted(COMMON_LAUNCHER_PATH, getLauncherPath(), getCurrentType().getAlternativesPriority());
+    }
+
+    /// Removes the channel command from the shared `hmcl` alternatives group.
+    private String getPrerm() {
+        return """
+                #!/bin/sh
+                set -e
+                
+                if [ "$1" = remove ] || [ "$1" = deconfigure ]; then
+                    update-alternatives --remove hmcl %s
+                fi
+                """.formatted(getLauncherPath());
+    }
+
+    /// Creates a tiny wrapper that launches the bundled shell script from the user's home directory.
+    private String getLauncherScript() {
+        return """
+                #!/usr/bin/env bash
+                cd "$HOME"
+                if [ -z "${HMCL_USER_HOME:-}" ]; then
+                    if [ -z "${XDG_DATA_HOME:-}" ]; then
+                        export HMCL_USER_HOME="$HOME/.local/share/hmcl"
+                    else
+                        export HMCL_USER_HOME="$XDG_DATA_HOME/hmcl"
+                    fi
+                fi
+                if [ -z "${HMCL_LOCAL_HOME:-}" ]; then
+                    export HMCL_LOCAL_HOME="$HMCL_USER_HOME/local-%s"
+                fi
+                if [ -z "${HMCL_DEPENDENCIES_DIR:-}" ]; then
+                    export HMCL_DEPENDENCIES_DIR="$HMCL_USER_HOME/dependencies"
+                fi
+                exec %s "$@"
+                """.formatted(getCurrentTypeName(), getTargetPath());
+    }
+
+    /// Generates the desktop entry that points to the channel-specific launcher command.
+    private String getDesktopInfo() {
+        return """
+                [Desktop Entry]
+                Type=Application
+                Name=%s
+                Comment=Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+                Exec=%s
+                Icon=%s
+                Terminal=false
+                StartupNotify=false
+                Categories=Game;
+                Keywords=mc;minecraft;
+                """.formatted(getCurrentType().getDisplayName(), getLauncherPath(), getIconTargetPath());
+    }
+}

buildSrc/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/gradle/pack/ReleaseType.java

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Hello Minecraft! Launcher
+ * Copyright (C) 2026 huangyuhui <huanghongxun2008@126.com> and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+package org.jackhuang.hmcl.gradle.pack;
+
+/// Debian packaging metadata for one HMCL release type.
+///
+/// The package name, installed command, desktop file, and alternatives
+/// priority are intentionally centralized here so `CreateDeb` can stay focused
+/// on archive layout instead of duplicating channel-specific branching.
+public enum ReleaseType {
+    STABLE("stable", "hmcl", "HMCL", 100),
+    DEVELOPMENT("beta", "hmcl-beta", "HMCL (Beta)", 200),
+    NIGHTLY("nightly", "hmcl-nightly", "HMCL (Nightly)", 300);
+
+    private final String name;
+    private final String packageName;
+    private final String displayName;
+    private final int alternativesPriority;
+
+    ReleaseType(String name, String packageName, String displayName, int alternativesPriority) {
+        this.name = name;
+        this.packageName = packageName;
+        this.displayName = displayName;
+        this.alternativesPriority = alternativesPriority;
+    }
+
+    ///
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    /// Debian package name written into `control` and used in the output filename.
+    public String getPackageName() {
+        return packageName;
+    }
+
+    public String getDisplayName() {
+        return displayName;
+    }
+
+    /// Priority used when registering the generic `hmcl` alias.
+    public int getAlternativesPriority() {
+        return alternativesPriority;
+    }
+}

config/checkstyle/checkstyle.xml

@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
 
     <module name="SuppressionSingleFilter">
         <property name="checks" value="RegexpHeader"/>
-        <property name="files" value=".*[\\/](SwingFXUtils|ScrollUtils|TypeUtils).java"/>
+        <property name="files" value=".*[\\/](ScrollUtils|TypeUtils).java"/>
     </module>
 
     <module name="RegexpHeader">

config/jenkins/dev/Jenkinsfile

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ pipeline {
         stage('Build') {
             steps {
                 sh 'bash ./config/jenkins/config-jenkins.sh'
-                sh './gradlew clean makeExecutables --stacktrace --no-daemon'
+                sh './gradlew clean makeExecutables makeDeb --stacktrace --no-daemon'
                 archiveArtifacts artifacts: 'HMCL/build/libs/*'
             }
         }

config/jenkins/stable/Jenkinsfile

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ pipeline {
         stage('Build') {
             steps {
                 sh 'bash ./config/jenkins/config-jenkins.sh'
-                sh './gradlew clean makeExecutables --stacktrace --no-daemon'
+                sh './gradlew clean makeExecutables makeDeb --stacktrace --no-daemon'
                 archiveArtifacts artifacts: 'HMCL/build/libs/*'
             }
         }

docs/README.md

@@ -72,6 +72,6 @@ The software is distributed under [GPLv3](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.h
 
 1. When you distribute a modified version of the software, you must change the software name or the version number in a reasonable way in order to distinguish it from the original version. (Under [GPLv3, 7(c)](https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/blob/11820e31a85d8989e41d97476712b07e7094b190/LICENSE#L372-L374))
 
-   The software name and the version number can be edited [here](https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/blob/javafx/HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/Metadata.java#L33-L35).
+   The software name and the version number can be edited [here](https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/blob/86529c6f15b3be54ed8d89ece47566cf57f43eb7/HMCL/src/main/java/org/jackhuang/hmcl/Metadata.java#L36-L38).
 
 2. You must not remove the copyright declaration displayed in the software. (Under [GPLv3, 7(b)](https://github.com/HMCL-dev/HMCL/blob/11820e31a85d8989e41d97476712b07e7094b190/LICENSE#L368-L370))

gradle/libs.versions.toml

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ monet-fx = "0.4.0"
 terracotta = "0.4.2"
 nayuki-qrcodegen = "1.8.0"
 jwebp = "0.2.0"
+weburl = "0.2.0"
 
 # testing
 junit = "6.0.1"
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ hmclauncher = { module = "org.glavo.hmcl:HMCLauncher", version.ref = "hmclaunche
 jetbrains-annotations = { module = "org.jetbrains:annotations", version.ref = "jetbrains-annotations" }
 kala-compress-zip = { module = "org.glavo.kala:kala-compress-archivers-zip", version.ref = "kala-compress" }
 kala-compress-tar = { module = "org.glavo.kala:kala-compress-archivers-tar", version.ref = "kala-compress" }
+kala-compress-ar = { module = "org.glavo.kala:kala-compress-archivers-ar", version.ref = "kala-compress" }
 simple-png-javafx = { module = "org.glavo:simple-png-javafx", version.ref = "simple-png-javafx" }
 gson = { module = "com.google.code.gson:gson", version.ref = "gson" }
 tomlj = { module = "org.tomlj:tomlj", version.ref = "tomlj" }
@@ -57,6 +59,7 @@ lwjgl-unsafe-agent = { module = "org.glavo:lwjgl-unsafe-agent", version.ref = "l
 monet-fx = { module = "org.glavo:MonetFX", version.ref = "monet-fx" }
 nayuki-qrcodegen = { module = "io.nayuki:qrcodegen", version.ref = "nayuki-qrcodegen" }
 jwebp = { module = "org.glavo:webp", version.ref = "jwebp" }
+weburl = { module = "org.glavo:weburl", version.ref = "weburl" }
 
 # testing
 junit-jupiter = { module = "org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter", version.ref = "junit" }